Somatostatin: occurrence in urinary bladder epithelium and renal tubules of the toad, Bufo marinus

Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 210 (4470) ◽  
pp. 644-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bolaffi ◽  
S Reichlin ◽  
D. Goodman ◽  
J. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Bladder Epithelium ◽  
Toad Bufo

DIRECTIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE PERMEABILITY TO WATER OF THE ISOLATED URINARY BLADDER OF THE TOAD, BUFO MARINUS

1961 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
Serosal Side ◽  
Toad Bufo

SUMMARY 1. If the osmotic gradient is favourable vasopressin increases the rate of water movement across the bladder of the toad from the serosal to the epithelial side, which is the opposite direction to that seen physiologically. 2. Water transfer down an osmotic gradient is 1·8 times more rapid towards the serosal than towards the epithelial side. Vasopressin increases this difference so that water is moving 4·9 times as rapidly to the serosal side. Iodoacetate reduces this effect of vasopressin. 3. If water is moving down an osmotic gradient towards the anode, a higher electric current increases the water movement in the presence, but not in the absence, of vasopressin. If water movement is taking place towards the cathode an increased current has no effect. 4. With vasopressin present, absence of sodium on the epithelial side of the bladder reduces water transfer down an osmotic gradient towards the serosal side, but has no effect on water movement down an osmotic gradient in the opposite direction.

Binding of aldosterone to cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors of the urinary bladder epithelium of Bufo marinus

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. C82-C89 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kusch ◽  
N. Farman ◽  
I. S. Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Scatchard Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bladder Epithelium ◽  
Nuclear Binding ◽  
Equilibrium Dissociation ◽  
Dissociation Constant Kd ◽  
Apparent Equilibrium

Binding of aldosterone to cytoplasmic and nuclear sites in urinary bladder epithelia of Bufo marinus (Dominican variant) is saturable and dependent upon steroid concentration. Scatchard analysis of specific cytoplasmic binding yielded a maximal binding capacity (N) of 14.5 X 10(-14) mol/mg protein and an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 1.4 X 10(-8) M. Since Scatchard analysis of specific nuclear binding was complex, this binding was resolved by a computer-generated cirve-fitting technique which analyzed total aldosterone bound. Nuclear binding was resolved into three sites: a nonsaturable site that was linearly dependent upon aldosterone concentration, and two saturable sites (types I and II). Type I sites had relatively low capacity for aldosterone (N = 31 +/- 1 X 10(-14) mol/mg DNA) and high affinity (Kd = 2.5 +/- 0.5 X 10(-9 M); tffininty (Kd = 8.6 +/- 1.7 X 10(-7) M). Competition for [3H]aldosterone binding by dexamethasone, corticosterone, cortisol, progesterone, testosterone, and 17 beta-estradiol demonstrated that type I nuclear sites have higher affinity for aldosterone than for other steroids. The findings are consistent with the inference that the type I site is the mineralocorticoid receptor.

Active phosphate transport across the urinary bladder of the toad,Bufo marinus

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy B. Sellers ◽  
Julia A. Hall ◽  
Carol W. Both ◽  
Stanley A. Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Toad Bufo

THE EFFECTS OF NEUROHYPOPHYSIAL EXTRACTS ON WATER TRANSFER ACROSS THE WALL OF THE ISOLATED URINARY BLADDER OF THE TOAD BUFO MARINUS

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. BENTLEY
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Toad Bufo

SUMMARY 1. An in vitro preparation of the urinary bladder of Bufo marinus is described. 2. Small doses of 'Pituitrin' markedly increase the rate of water transfer across the bladder wall when the solutions inside the bladder are hypotonic. 3. Passive movement is small and increases slightly with increases in the osmotic gradient across the bladder wall. It is unaffected by changes in substrate levels or any of the metabolic inhibitors tested except for cyanide which increases it in some cases. 4. The vasopressor neurohypophysial fraction is more active than the oxytocic one in increasing water transfer across the bladder wall. 5. The increase in water transfer depends on an intact oxygen supply and sufficient glucose or pyruvate. 6. Iodoacetate, malonate, cyanide, 2–4-dinitrophenol, and bubbling 5% CO2+95% O2 through Ringer's solution inhibit the water transfer in response to neurohypophysial extract. 7. Diamox is only an effective inhibitor at very high concentrations. 8. The possible mechanism of the water transfer is discussed.

An Inhibitor of Oxytocin from the Urinary Bladder of the Toad, Bufo marinus

Nature ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 207 (5004) ◽  
pp. 1401-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR KARLIN ◽  
NORBERT I. A. OVERWEG
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Toad Bufo
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