scholarly journals Culture-Independent Analysis of Indomethacin-Induced Alterations in the Rat Gastrointestinal Microbiota

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 6707-6715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Dalby ◽  
Daniel N. Frank ◽  
Allison L. St. Amand ◽  
Alison M. Bendele ◽  
Norman R. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Culture Independent

ABSTRACT Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed for a variety of inflammatory conditions; however, the benefits of this class of drugs are accompanied by deleterious side effects, most commonly gastric irritation and ulceration. NSAID-induced ulceration is thought to be exacerbated by intestinal microbiota, but previous studies have not identified specific microbes that contribute to these adverse effects. In this study, we conducted a culture-independent analysis of ∼1,400 bacterial small-subunit rRNA genes associated with the small intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes of rats treated with the NSAID indomethacin. This is the first molecular analysis of the microbiota of the rat small intestine. A comparison of clone libraries and species-specific quantitative PCR results from rats treated with indomethacin and untreated rats revealed that organisms closely related to Enterococcus faecalis were heavily enriched in the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes of the treated rats. These data suggest that treatment of NSAID-induced ulceration may be facilitated by addressing the microbiological imbalances.

In situ demonstration of migration of dendritic cells released from rat small intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A183-A183
Author(s):  
H KOBAYASHI ◽  
H NAGATA ◽  
S MIURA ◽  
T AZUMA ◽  
H SUZUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Abundant and Diverse Fungal Microbiota in the Murine Intestine

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 793-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J Scupham ◽  
Laura L. Presley ◽  
Bo Wei ◽  
Elizabeth Bent ◽  
Natasha Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oligonucleotide Fingerprinting ◽  
Rrna Sequences

ABSTRACT Enteric microbiota play a variety of roles in intestinal health and disease. While bacteria in the intestine have been broadly characterized, little is known about the abundance or diversity of enteric fungi. This study utilized a culture-independent method termed oligonucleotide fingerprinting of rRNA genes (OFRG) to describe the compositions of fungal and bacterial rRNA genes from small and large intestines (tissue and luminal contents) of restricted-flora and specific-pathogen-free mice. OFRG analysis identified rRNA genes from all four major fungal phyla: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota. The largest assemblages of fungal rRNA sequences were related to the genera Acremonium, Monilinia, Fusarium, Cryptococcus/Filobasidium, Scleroderma, Catenomyces, Spizellomyces, Neocallimastix, Powellomyces, Entophlyctis, Mortierella, and Smittium and the order Mucorales. The majority of bacterial rRNA gene clones were affiliated with the taxa Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Acinetobacter, and Lactobacillus. Sequence-selective PCR analyses also detected several of these bacterial and fungal rRNA genes in the mouse chow. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with a fungal small-subunit rRNA probe revealed morphologically diverse microorganisms resident in the mucus biofilm adjacent to the cecal and proximal colonic epithelium. Hybridizing organisms comprised about 2% of the DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride)-positive organisms in the mucus biofilm, but their abundance in fecal material may be much lower. These data indicate that diverse fungal taxa are present in the intestinal microbial community. Their abundance suggests that they may play significant roles in enteric microbial functions.

Rotavirus A associated pathology of intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes and occurrence in bovine calves of Gwalior and Bareilly regions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kashyap ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
Y. S. Malik ◽  
R. K. Agrawal ◽  
K. P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Vp6 Gene

To understand the pathology of natural cases of rotavirus (RVA) in bovine calves, a total of 40 cases below 6 months died due to diarrhoea were studied, out of which 7 cases (17.5%) turned positive for RVA by RT-PCR. Histopathology of small intestine showed loss of villous enterocytes, blunting and fusion of villi, elongation of crypts and mononuclear cells infiltration in the lamina-propria. The mesenteric lymph nodes were severely depleted of lymphocytes. These changes were corroborated with presence of RVA antigen in sections by dFAT and nucleic acid by RT-PCR. The fluorescent signals were more in mesenteric lymph nodes than in intestine. Besides, 115 rectal fecal samples were also collected from calves for RVA detection by RT-PCR using VP6 gene specific sets of primers. Dead carcasses of calves (n= 40) belonged to organized dairy farm of Bareilly, while rectal fecal samples belonged to both organized (n= 38) and unorganized farms (n= 77) of Bareilly and Gwalior. The overall occurrence of RVA was 19.3% (30/155), comprising 5/37 cases (13.5%) from Gwalior (MP) and 25/118 cases (21.1%) from Bareilly (UP). These findings suggest the infection of RVA widely prevalent in calves and have potential to escape from the intestinal site to mesenteric lymph nodes.

Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic analysis of perfusion in the kidneys, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and mesenteric lymph nodes in healthy cats

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1305-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merja R. Leinonen ◽  
Marja R. Raekallio ◽  
Outi M. Vainio ◽  
Mirja O. Ruohoniemi ◽  
David S. Biller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

scholarly journals Mesenteric lymph nodes contribute to proinflammatory Th17-cell generation during inflammation of the small intestine in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1119-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kawabe ◽  
Nobu Suzuki ◽  
Satoshi Yamaki ◽  
Shu-lan Sun ◽  
Atsuko Asao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Cell Generation ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Lipogranulomatous Lymphangitis in Canine Intestinal Lymphangiectasia

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Van Kruiningen ◽  
G. E. Lees ◽  
D. W. Hayden ◽  
D. J. Meuten ◽  
W. A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

Lipogranulomatous lymphangitis of the intestine occurred in four dogs with intestinal lymphangiectasia. All four presented with chronic diarrhea; three had ascites and two had hypoalbuminemia. Lipogranulomas appeared in lymphatics, often at the point of mesenteric attachment, of small intestine, ileum, or ileum and colon. Mesenteric lymphatics were obstructed and villous lacteals were distended. Mesenteric lymph nodes of one dog contained large lipid spaces and that same animal had a solitary subcapsular lipogranuloma of the liver. This disorder is one of several that result in protein-losing enteropathy in dogs.

AB184. 237. Development of a novel methodology to assess the microbiome of mesenteric lymph nodes incorporating culture and culture-independent methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. AB184-AB184
Author(s):  
Miranda G. Kiernan ◽  
Paul Tibbitts ◽  
Patrick A. Kiely ◽  
James Powell ◽  
Maureen O’Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Culture Independent

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity in a Hydrocarbon- and Chlorinated-Solvent-Contaminated Aquifer Undergoing Intrinsic Bioremediation

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3869-3877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Dojka ◽  
Philip Hugenholtz ◽  
Sheridan K. Haack ◽  
Norman R. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Intrinsic Bioremediation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Aceticlastic Methanogenesis ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT A culture-independent molecular phylogenetic approach was used to survey constituents of microbial communities associated with an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbons (mainly jet fuel) and chlorinated solvents undergoing intrinsic bioremediation. Samples were obtained from three redox zones: methanogenic, methanogenic-sulfate reducing, and iron or sulfate reducing. Small-subunit rRNA genes were amplified directly from aquifer material DNA by PCR with universally conserved or Bacteria- orArchaea-specific primers and were cloned. A total of 812 clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), approximately 50% of which were unique. All RFLP types that occurred more than once in the libraries, as well as many of the unique types, were sequenced. A total of 104 (94 bacterial and 10 archaeal) sequence types were determined. Of the 94 bacterial sequence types, 10 have no phylogenetic association with known taxonomic divisions and are phylogenetically grouped in six novel division level groups (candidate divisions WS1 to WS6); 21 belong to four recently described candidate divisions with no cultivated representatives (OP5, OP8, OP10, and OP11); and 63 are phylogenetically associated with 10 well-recognized divisions. The physiology of two particularly abundant sequence types obtained from the methanogenic zone could be inferred from their phylogenetic association with groups of microorganisms with a consistent phenotype. One of these sequence types is associated with the genus Syntrophus; Syntrophus spp. produce energy from the anaerobic oxidation of organic acids, with the production of acetate and hydrogen. The organism represented by the other sequence type is closely related to Methanosaetaspp., which are known to be capable of energy generation only through aceticlastic methanogenesis. We hypothesize, therefore, that the terminal step of hydrocarbon degradation in the methanogenic zone of the aquifer is aceticlastic methanogenesis and that the microorganisms represented by these two sequence types occur in syntrophic association.

scholarly journals Novel Division Level Bacterial Diversity in a Yellowstone Hot Spring

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Hugenholtz ◽  
Christian Pitulle ◽  
Karen L. Hershberger ◽  
Norman R. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT A culture-independent molecular phylogenetic survey was carried out for the bacterial community in Obsidian Pool (OP), a Yellowstone National Park hot spring previously shown to contain remarkable archaeal diversity (S. M. Barns, R. E. Fundyga, M. W. Jeffries, and N. R. Page, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:1609–1613, 1994). Small-subunit rRNA genes (rDNA) were amplified directly from OP sediment DNA by PCR with universally conserved orBacteria-specific rDNA primers and cloned. Unique rDNA types among >300 clones were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism, and 122 representative rDNA sequences were determined. These were found to represent 54 distinct bacterial sequence types or clusters (≥98% identity) of sequences. A majority (70%) of the sequence types were affiliated with 14 previously recognized bacterial divisions (main phyla; kingdoms); 30% were unaffiliated with recognized bacterial divisions. The unaffiliated sequence types (represented by 38 sequences) nominally comprise 12 novel, division level lineages termed candidate divisions. Several OP sequences were nearly identical to those of cultivated chemolithotrophic thermophiles, including the hydrogen-oxidizing Calderobacterium and the sulfate reducers Thermodesulfovibrio andThermodesulfobacterium, or belonged to monophyletic assemblages recognized for a particular type of metabolism, such as the hydrogen-oxidizing Aquificales and the sulfate-reducing δ-Proteobacteria. The occurrence of such organisms is consistent with the chemical composition of OP (high in reduced iron and sulfur) and suggests a lithotrophic base for primary productivity in this hot spring, through hydrogen oxidation and sulfate reduction. Unexpectedly, no archaeal sequences were encountered in OP clone libraries made with universal primers. Hybridization analysis of amplified OP DNA with domain-specific probes confirmed that the analyzed community rDNA from OP sediment was predominantly bacterial. These results expand substantially our knowledge of the extent of bacterial diversity and call into question the commonly held notion that Archaea dominate hydrothermal environments. Finally, the currently known extent of division level bacterial phylogenetic diversity is collated and summarized.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document