scholarly journals Formation of Polyhydroxyalkanoate in Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria and Its Relationship to Carbon Source and Light Availability

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
pp. 7445-7450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Xiao ◽  
Nianzhi Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Pha Production

ABSTRACTAerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAPB) are unique players in carbon cycling in the ocean. Cellular carbon storage is an important mechanism regulating the nutrition status of AAPB but is not yet well understood. In this paper, six AAPB species (Dinoroseobactersp. JL1447,Roseobacter denitrificansOCh 114,Roseobacter litoralisOCh 149,Dinoroseobacter shibaeDFL 12T,Labrenzia alexandriiDFL 11T, andErythrobacter longusDSMZ 6997) were examined, and all of them demonstrated the ability to form the carbon polymer polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in the cell. The PHA inDinoroseobactersp. JL1447 was identified as poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) according to evidence from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy examinations. Carbon sources turned out to be critical for PHA production in AAPB. Among the eight media tested withDinoroseobactersp. JL1447, sodium acetate, giving a PHA production rate of 72%, was the most productive carbon source, followed by glucose, with a 68% PHA production rate. Such PHA production rates are among the highest recorded for all bacteria. The C/N ratio of substrates was verified by the experiments as another key factor in PHA production. In the case ofR. denitrificansOCh 114, PHA was not detected when the organism was cultured at C/N ratios of <2 but became apparent at C/N ratios of >3. Light is also important for the formation of PHA in AAPB. In the case ofDinoroseobactersp. JL1447, up to a one-quarter increase in PHB production was observed when the culture underwent growth in a light-dark cycle compared to growth completely in the dark.

scholarly journals Abundance and Spatial Distribution of Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria in Tama River, Japan

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Yuki Sato-Takabe ◽  
Setsuko Hirose ◽  
Tomoyuki Hori ◽  
Satoshi Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria ◽  
Riverine Environment ◽  
Global Oceans ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Aggregation Form

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) are widely distributed and regarded as key players driving the carbon cycle in surface water of global oceans, coastal and estuary areas and in other freshwater environments (e.g., ponds and lakes). However, the abundance and spatial distribution of AAnPB in rivers is much less well-known. Here we investigated the variation of the absolute cell abundances of the total bacteria, AAnPB and cyanobacteria, at four different sites in Tama River, Japan, and the spatial distribution (i.e., free-living or particle-attached existence form) of AAnPB at two out of the four sites using infra-red epifluorescence microscopy. Free-living cell abundances for the total bacteria, AAnPB and cyanobacteria were 1.6–3 × 105, 1.5–4.4 × 104 and <3.2 × 104 cells mL−1, respectively. The free-living AAnPB accounted for 6.1%–19.6% of the total bacterial abundance in the river. The peaks of the AAnPB and cyanobacteria abundances were found at the same site, suggesting that the AAnPB could potentially coexist with cyanobacteria. Meanwhile, the particle-attached AAnPB were observed at the two sites of the river, accounting for 52.2% of the total bacteria abundance in the particle. Our results showed the existence and aggregation form of AAnPB in the riverine environment.

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