Metabolism of Bismuth Subsalicylate and Intracellular Accumulation of Bismuth by Fusarium sp. Strain BI

ABSTRACT Enrichment cultures were conducted using bismuth subsalicylate as the sole source of carbon and activated sludge as the inoculum. A pure culture was obtained and identified as a Fusarium sp. based on spore morphology and partial sequences of 18S rRNA, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin genes. The isolate, named Fusarium sp. strain BI, grew to equivalent densities when using salicylate or bismuth subsalicylate as carbon sources. Bismuth nitrate at concentrations of up to 200 μM did not limit growth of this organism on glucose. The concentration of soluble bismuth in suspensions of bismuth subsalicylate decreased during growth of Fusarium sp. strain BI. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the accumulated bismuth was localized in phosphorus-rich granules distributed in the cytoplasm and vacuoles. Long-chain polyphosphates were extracted from fresh biomass grown on bismuth subsalicylate, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry showed that these fractions also contained high concentrations of bismuth. Enzyme activity assays of crude extracts of Fusarium sp. strain BI showed that salicylate hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase were induced during growth on salicylate, indicating that this organism degrades salicylate by conversion of salicylate to catechol, followed by ortho cleavage of the aromatic ring. Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity was not detected. Fusarium sp. strain BI grew with several other aromatic acids as carbon sources: benzoate, 3-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, gentisate, d-mandelate, l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, phenylacetate, 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, and phenylpropionate.

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Crystallization of CaCO3 in Aqueous Solutions with Extremely High Concentrations of NaCl

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst9120647 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 647

Author(s):

Mengqi Qian ◽

Yuwei Zuo ◽

Zhihao Chen ◽

Xiaoshuang Yin ◽

Ying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

High Concentration ◽

Retention Efficiency ◽

Static Test ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The One ◽

Phosphate Inhibitors

The effect of NaCl at extremely high concentrations from 3.5 to 14 wt. % on the crystallization of CaCO3 was investigated in depth. The static test experiment verified that the Ca2+ retention efficiency (η) of NaCl on CaCO3 scale increased from 31.06% (3.5 wt. %) to 41.56% (14 wt. %). Based on the calculation of supersaturation rations, the high concentration of NaCl could reduce the activity coefficients of [Ca2+] and [CO32−], thus reducing the actual concentration of CaCO3. The CaCO3 deposition rate constants (k) showed that NaCl slowed down the rate of CaCO3 crystallization. The X–ray diffraction (XRD) testing disclosed that the growth of (1 0 4) and (1 1 0) faces from calcite was impeded, while the formation of (1 1 1) face from aragonite was induced by the increasing concentration of NaCl. The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) results indicated that Na+ could be doped into CaCO3, leading to the one–dimensional crystal growth. It was further proved that NaCl heightens the efficiency of the typical phosphate inhibitors (2–phosphonobutane–1,2,4–tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) and 1–hydroxyethane–1,1–diphosphonic acid (HEDP)) on prohibiting the scale of CaCO3.

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Non-analyte signals and supervised learning to evaluate matrix effects and predict analyte recoveries in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/d0ja00007h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 679-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jake A. Carter ◽

John T. Sloop ◽

Tina Harville ◽

Bradley T. Jones ◽

George L. Donati

Keyword(s):

Supervised Learning ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Matrix Effects ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Icp Oes ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Plasma Species ◽

Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽

High Concentrations

Plasma species of Ar, H and O are monitored and used for modeling and for correcting signal bias caused by high concentrations of easily ionizable elements in ICP OES.

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Chemical composition of phytoplankton from the estuaries of Eastern Amazonia

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-4392201305244 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 513-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Maria do Perpetuo Socorro Progene Vilhena ◽

Marcondes Lima da Costa ◽

José Francisco Berrêdo ◽

Rosildo Santos Paiva ◽

Pryscila Denise Almeida

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Total Sample ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

Anthropogenic Inputs ◽

Bioavailable Fraction ◽

High Concentrations

Phytoplankton is important bioindicator of chemical and biological modifications of natural ecosystems. The objective of this study was to determine the total chemical composition of the phytoplankton of the Pará and Mocajuba estuaries on the eastern coast of the Amazon region in the Brazilian state of Pará. The chemical composition of the surface water, bottom sediments (total sample and bioavailable fraction), and the phytoplankton were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Phytoplankton contained high concentrations of Ca, P, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, Ba, and Pb. The phytoplankton of the Mocajuba estuary is rich in Fe (2,967-84,750 µg g-1), while those from the Pará is rich in Al (1,216-15,389 µgg-1), probably reflecting divergent anthropogenic inputs. Both samples indicated a high bioconcentration factor derived from both the water and the bioavailable fraction, reflecting the efficiency of these organisms in the concentration of metals.

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Hazardous Elements in Asbestos Tremolite from the Basilicata Region, Southern Italy: A First Step

Fibers ◽

10.3390/fib9080047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Claudia Ricchiuti ◽

Dolores Pereira ◽

Rosalda Punturo ◽

Eugenia Giorno ◽

Domenico Miriello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Asbestos Fibers ◽

Basilicata Region ◽

High Concentrations

In this paper, we report the quantification of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) hosted into two tremolite asbestos from Episcopia and San Severino Lucano villages (Basilicata region, Southern Italy). Micro X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy with Optical Emission Spectrometry techniques were used to quantify the concentration of major, minor (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn) and trace elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn Sr, Ti, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr), with the aim of providing available data useful for the determination of the asbestos fibers toxicity. Results show that in the two studied samples there exist high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni which could lead to the high toxicity of the mineral fibers. By considering the pseudo-total PTEs amounts in each tremolite asbestos, it is possible to affirm that one of the samples is more enriched in toxic elements than the other one (3572 ppm versus 1384 ppm). These PTEs can represent a source of risk to human health since they may be transported away from the geological outcrops, through asbestos in the air, water and soils and thus encountering the human body.

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