scholarly journals Chemical composition of phytoplankton from the estuaries of Eastern Amazonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Perpetuo Socorro Progene Vilhena ◽  
Marcondes Lima da Costa ◽  
José Francisco Berrêdo ◽  
Rosildo Santos Paiva ◽  
Pryscila Denise Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Bioavailable Fraction ◽  
High Concentrations

Phytoplankton is important bioindicator of chemical and biological modifications of natural ecosystems. The objective of this study was to determine the total chemical composition of the phytoplankton of the Pará and Mocajuba estuaries on the eastern coast of the Amazon region in the Brazilian state of Pará. The chemical composition of the surface water, bottom sediments (total sample and bioavailable fraction), and the phytoplankton were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Phytoplankton contained high concentrations of Ca, P, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, Ba, and Pb. The phytoplankton of the Mocajuba estuary is rich in Fe (2,967-84,750 µg g-1), while those from the Pará is rich in Al (1,216-15,389 µgg-1), probably reflecting divergent anthropogenic inputs. Both samples indicated a high bioconcentration factor derived from both the water and the bioavailable fraction, reflecting the efficiency of these organisms in the concentration of metals.

scholarly journals Crystallization of CaCO3 in Aqueous Solutions with Extremely High Concentrations of NaCl

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Mengqi Qian ◽  
Yuwei Zuo ◽  
Zhihao Chen ◽  
Xiaoshuang Yin ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The One ◽  
Phosphate Inhibitors

The effect of NaCl at extremely high concentrations from 3.5 to 14 wt. % on the crystallization of CaCO3 was investigated in depth. The static test experiment verified that the Ca2+ retention efficiency (η) of NaCl on CaCO3 scale increased from 31.06% (3.5 wt. %) to 41.56% (14 wt. %). Based on the calculation of supersaturation rations, the high concentration of NaCl could reduce the activity coefficients of [Ca2+] and [CO32−], thus reducing the actual concentration of CaCO3. The CaCO3 deposition rate constants (k) showed that NaCl slowed down the rate of CaCO3 crystallization. The X–ray diffraction (XRD) testing disclosed that the growth of (1 0 4) and (1 1 0) faces from calcite was impeded, while the formation of (1 1 1) face from aragonite was induced by the increasing concentration of NaCl. The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) results indicated that Na+ could be doped into CaCO3, leading to the one–dimensional crystal growth. It was further proved that NaCl heightens the efficiency of the typical phosphate inhibitors (2–phosphonobutane–1,2,4–tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) and 1–hydroxyethane–1,1–diphosphonic acid (HEDP)) on prohibiting the scale of CaCO3.

scholarly journals Metabolism of Bismuth Subsalicylate and Intracellular Accumulation of Bismuth by Fusarium sp. Strain BI

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 876-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Dodge ◽  
Lawrence P. Wackett
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Bismuth Subsalicylate ◽  
Tubulin Genes ◽  
Catechol 1,2 Dioxygenase ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Enrichment cultures were conducted using bismuth subsalicylate as the sole source of carbon and activated sludge as the inoculum. A pure culture was obtained and identified as a Fusarium sp. based on spore morphology and partial sequences of 18S rRNA, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin genes. The isolate, named Fusarium sp. strain BI, grew to equivalent densities when using salicylate or bismuth subsalicylate as carbon sources. Bismuth nitrate at concentrations of up to 200 μM did not limit growth of this organism on glucose. The concentration of soluble bismuth in suspensions of bismuth subsalicylate decreased during growth of Fusarium sp. strain BI. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the accumulated bismuth was localized in phosphorus-rich granules distributed in the cytoplasm and vacuoles. Long-chain polyphosphates were extracted from fresh biomass grown on bismuth subsalicylate, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry showed that these fractions also contained high concentrations of bismuth. Enzyme activity assays of crude extracts of Fusarium sp. strain BI showed that salicylate hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase were induced during growth on salicylate, indicating that this organism degrades salicylate by conversion of salicylate to catechol, followed by ortho cleavage of the aromatic ring. Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity was not detected. Fusarium sp. strain BI grew with several other aromatic acids as carbon sources: benzoate, 3-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, gentisate, d-mandelate, l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, phenylacetate, 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, and phenylpropionate.

Non-analyte signals and supervised learning to evaluate matrix effects and predict analyte recoveries in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake A. Carter ◽  
John T. Sloop ◽  
Tina Harville ◽  
Bradley T. Jones ◽  
George L. Donati
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Species ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentrations

Plasma species of Ar, H and O are monitored and used for modeling and for correcting signal bias caused by high concentrations of easily ionizable elements in ICP OES.

scholarly journals Geochemistry and electron spin resonance of hydrothermal dickite (Nowa Ruda, Lower Silesia, Poland): vanadium and chromium

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Premović ◽  
Justyna Ciesielczuk ◽  
Grażyna Bzowska ◽  
Miloš Đorđević
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Lower Silesia

Geochemistry and electron spin resonance of hydrothermal dickite (Nowa Ruda, Lower Silesia, Poland): vanadium and chromium Geochemical analyses for trace V and Cr have been done on a representative sample of a typical hydrothermal dickite/kaolinite filling vein at Nowa Ruda. The mineralogy of the sample is comparatively simple, dickite being the principal component (ca. 91 % of the total sample). Geochemical fractionation and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) indicate that most (> 90 % of total metal) of the V and Cr reside in the dickite. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) shows that most (> 70 %) of the V in the dickite structure is in the form of vanadyl (VO2+) ions. A high concentration of Cr3+ is also detected in this structure by ESR. The combination of geochemical and spectroscopic tools applied to VO2+ and Cr3+ allow one to specify the Eh (> 0.4 V, highly oxidizing) and pH (≤4.0, highly acidic) of the solution during the formation of dickite from the Nowa Ruda Basin. Substantial proportions of the V and Cr (as well as VO2+ and Cr3+) in the dickite structure were probably contained in an original hydrothermal acid water. We suggest that hot hydrothermal waters leached the surrounding varieties of gabbroids enriched in V and Cr for the dickite-forming solution. The results of this work have shown V and Cr are potentially reliable indicators for geochemical characterization of the physicochemical conditions of their formation. The bulk-rock V/Cr ratio in hydrothermal dickites and kaolinites from Nowa Ruda, Sonoma (California, USA), Cigar Lake (Saskatchewan, Canada) and Teslić (Bosnia and Hercegovina) is also briefly explored here as a potential tracer of redox state during their formation.

scholarly journals Hazardous Elements in Asbestos Tremolite from the Basilicata Region, Southern Italy: A First Step

Fibers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Claudia Ricchiuti ◽  
Dolores Pereira ◽  
Rosalda Punturo ◽  
Eugenia Giorno ◽  
Domenico Miriello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Basilicata Region ◽  
High Concentrations

In this paper, we report the quantification of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) hosted into two tremolite asbestos from Episcopia and San Severino Lucano villages (Basilicata region, Southern Italy). Micro X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy with Optical Emission Spectrometry techniques were used to quantify the concentration of major, minor (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn) and trace elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn Sr, Ti, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr), with the aim of providing available data useful for the determination of the asbestos fibers toxicity. Results show that in the two studied samples there exist high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni which could lead to the high toxicity of the mineral fibers. By considering the pseudo-total PTEs amounts in each tremolite asbestos, it is possible to affirm that one of the samples is more enriched in toxic elements than the other one (3572 ppm versus 1384 ppm). These PTEs can represent a source of risk to human health since they may be transported away from the geological outcrops, through asbestos in the air, water and soils and thus encountering the human body.

scholarly journals Determination of the chemical composition of the residual powder in order to identify the source of release

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Sonia Niculina Şuvar ◽  
Maria Prodan ◽  
Andrei Szollosi-Moţa ◽  
Irina Nălboc ◽  
Aurelian Nicola
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Home Heating ◽  
Two Samples

Particles in suspension come mainly from pollutant emissions generated by industry, traffic, home heating, etc. Due to these particles, various diseases can occur, such as lung cancer, asthma, cardiovascular diseases. An important problem is represented by the particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 micrometers, which pass through the nose and throat and enter the alveoli of the lungs causing inflammation and intoxication. This paper aimed to establish the chemical composition of residual powders in a production hall from the automotive industry, to identify the source of release. For this, the infrared spectrometry (FTIR) method, the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method, and the x-ray spectrometry (XRF) method were used. Two samples of dust from different locations of the production hall were analyzed, as well as a substance used in the process, to determine whether the dust came from its use. A series of safety data sheets for substances used in the technological process was also analyzed. The results obtained from the qualitative and quantitative determinations were evaluated considering the chemical composition of all substances involved, leading to the identification of the residual dust release source.

scholarly journals Multielement determination using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry for metal characterization of water from artesian wells in Semberija region: Multivariate analysis of data

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pavlovic ◽  
Tamara Laketic ◽  
Snezana Mitic ◽  
Milenko Savic ◽  
Snezana Tosic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Artesian Wells

The concentrations of fifteen metals (Mg, Na, Ca, K, Se, Zn, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd, Sb, Ni, Co) were determined in water from ten artesian wells (AW) in Semberija to obtain a general metal profile of water in this region. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used in this classification. Using principal component analysis two factors controlling the metal variability were obtained, which accounted for nearly 71.5% of the total variance. Natural (lithogenic) factor is represented by PC1, while anthropogenic factor is represented by PC2. PC1 with high contribution of Mn, Mg, Na, K, Ca, Zn and Se accounting for 41.84% of the total variance, while PC2 exhibits high loading for Cd, Ni, Sb, Cr and Pb (29.66%). Three general areas (clusters) with different metal characteristics were detected. Water from artesian wells in first cluster (AW1, AW2, AW3, AW4, AW5 and AW6) had much higher metal concentration compared with those in the second (AW7, AW8 and AW9) and third cluster (AW10). That is as a result of anthropogenic inputs. Also, the analysis of water demonstrated slightly elevated values for Mn (concentrations up to 0.176 mg/L), while concentrations of the other investigated elements are below the values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA).

scholarly journals Geochemistry of Fe3+ in the hydrothermal dickite from Jedlina Zdroj (Lower Silesia, Poland)

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1477-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Premovic ◽  
Justyna Ciesielczuk ◽  
Bratislav Todorovic ◽  
Dragan Djordjevic ◽  
Nenad Krstic
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Lower Silesia

Geochemical analysis for Fe was made on a representative sample of dickite-rich hydrothermal clay from Jedlina Zdroj. The mineralogy of the sample is comparatively simple, dickite being the principal component (>95 wt. % of the total sample), with lesser amounts of goethite and barite. Geochemical fractionation and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry indicated that most of the Fe (ca. 97 wt. % of the total metal) resides in the dickite. Electron spin resonance showed that some of the Fe in the dickite structure is in the form of Fe3+. A substantial proportion of these ions (as well as Fe) in the dickite matrix were probably contained in the original hydrothermal dickite-forming solution. From the geochemistry of Fe3+, it was deduced that the oxidation potential (Eh) and pH of the solution during the formation of dickite from the Jedlina Zdroj were approximately 0.45-0.95 V (highly oxygenated) and 0-4 (highly acidic), respectively.

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