scholarly journals Enhanced Antigen-Specific Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity and Immunoglobulin G2b Responses after Oral Administration of ViableLactobacillus casei YIT9029 in Wistar and Brown Norway Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. de Waard ◽  
J. Garssen ◽  
J. Snel ◽  
G. C. A. M. Bokken ◽  
T. Sako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Th1 Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Norway Rats

ABSTRACT In this study, the effects of orally administered viableLactobacillus casei Shirota strain YIT9029 on the immunity parameters of Wistar and Brown Norway rats were examined. For this purpose, we used the Trichinella spiralis host resistance model. Two weeks before and during T. spiralisinfection, rats were fed 109 viable L. casei bacteria 5 days per week. The T. spiralis-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was significantly enhanced in both Wistar and Brown Norway rats given L. casei. In both rat strains fedL. casei, serum T. spiralis-specific immunoglobulin G2b (IgG2b) concentrations were also significantly increased. In the model, no significant effects ofL. casei on larval counts or inflammatory reactions in the tongue musculature, body weights, or lymphoid organ weights were observed. Serum specific antibody responses, other than IgG2b, were not changed by feeding of L. casei. In contrast toL. casei, it was shown that orally administeredBifidobacterium breve or Bifidobacterium bifidum had no influence on the measured infection and immunity indices in the rat infection model. Since the rat DTH response is considered to be a manifestation of Th1 cell-mediated immunity and the IgG2b isotype has been associated with Th1 activity, it was concluded that Th1 cells could play an active role in the immunomodulatory effects of orally administered L. casei. Furthermore, our data do not indicate that the effect of oral supplementation withL. casei is dependent on the genetic background of the host.

scholarly journals Sensitizing effects of chronic exposure and acute inhalation of ovalbumin aerosol on pulmonary C fibers in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangfan Zhang ◽  
Ruei-Lung Lin ◽  
Michelle E. Wiggers ◽  
Lu-Yuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Right Atrial ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Inhalation Challenge ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
And Control ◽  
Norway Rats

The effect of ovalbumin (Ova) sensitization on pulmonary C-fiber sensitivity was investigated. Brown-Norway rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of Ova followed by aerosolized Ova three times per week for 3 wk. Control rats received the vehicle. At the end of the third week, single-unit fiber activities (FA) of pulmonary C fibers were recorded in anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. Our results showed the following: 1) Ova sensitization induced airway inflammation (infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils) and airway hyperresponsiveness in rats; 2) baseline FA in sensitized rats was significantly higher than that in control ones; 3) similarly, the pulmonary C-fiber response to right atrial injection of capsaicin was markedly higher in sensitized rats, which were significantly amplified after the acute Ova inhalation challenge; and 4) similar patterns, but smaller magnitudes of the differences in C-fiber responses to adenosine and lung inflation, were also found between sensitized and control rats. In conclusion, Ova sensitization elevated the baseline FA and excitability of pulmonary C fibers, and the hypersensitivity was further potentiated after the acute Ova inhalation challenge in sensitized rats. Chronic allergic inflammatory reactions in the airway probably contributed to the sensitizing effect on these lung afferents.

Influence of dietary protein on selected measures of humoral and cellular immunity in the cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Vestey ◽  
S. T. McMurry ◽  
R. L. Lochmiller
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
Cotton Rats

Small-mammal populations are subject to unpredictable and often dramatic fluctuations in numbers, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are largely unclear. It has been suggested that protein is an important nutritional factor limiting survival, so we explored the effect of protein intake on the immunocompetence of cotton rats (Sigmodon hipsidus). In vivo and in vitro measures of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity were examined in a series of four protein-feeding trials (with weanlings, juveniles, subadults, and adults), using animals randomly assigned to an isocaloric diet containing either 4 or 16% crude protein. The response of lymphoid organ mass and cellularity to low dietary protein was variable, the spleen being more sensitive to dietary protein than the thymus. The ability of splenic lymphocytes to respond to in vitro stimulation with mitogens was unaffected by dietary protein, while the capacity of weanling and subadult cotton rats fed 4% protein to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity response was enhanced. Nonspecific immunity (complement activity) was reduced in juveniles fed 4% protein. Dietary protein did not influence the ability of subadults or adults to generate a specific antibody response. These data suggest that cotton rats are less sensitive to dietary protein level than many inbred strains of laboratory rodents, younger animals may be at greater risk, and nutritional history may influence the response of a population to a reduction in available dietary protein.

scholarly journals Probiotic Bacteria and Their Cell Walls Induce Th1-Type Immunity Against Salmonella Typhimurium Challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Lemme-Dumit ◽  
Silvia Inés Cazorla ◽  
Gabriela Del Valle Perdigón ◽  
Carolina Maldonado-Galdeano
Keyword(s):  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Th1 Cell ◽  
Cellular Fraction ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Pathogen Challenge

Probiotics have been associated with a variety of health benefits. They can act as adjuvant to enhance specific immune response. Bacterial cell wall (CW) molecules are key structures that interact with host receptors promoting probiotic effects. The adjuvant capacity underlying this sub-cellular fraction purified from Lactobacillus casei CRL431 and L. paracasei CNCMI-1518 remains to be characterized. We interrogated the molecular and cellular events after oral feeding with probiotic-derived CW in addition to heat-inactivated Salmonella Typhimurium and their subsequent protective capacity against S. Typhimurium challenge. Intact probiotic bacteria were orally administered for comparison. We find that previous oral feeding with probiotics or their sub-cellular fraction reduce bacterial burden in spleen and liver after Salmonella challenge. Antibody responses after pathogen challenge were negligible, characterized by not major changes in the antibody-mediated phagocytic activity, and in the levels of total and Salmonella-specific intestinal sIgA and serum IgG, respectively. Conversely, the beneficial effect of probiotic-derived CW after S. Typhimurium challenge were ascribed to a Th1-type cell-mediated immunity which was characterized by augmentation of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response. The cell-mediated immunity associated with the oral feeding with probiotic-derived CW was accompanied with a Th1-cell polarizing cytokines, distinguished by increase IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio. Similar results were observed with the intact probiotics. Our study identified molecular events associated with the oral administration of sub-cellular structures derived from probiotics and their adjuvant capacity to exert immune modulatory function.

scholarly journals Aging leads to increased levels of protein O-linked N-acetylglucosamine in heart, aorta, brain and skeletal muscle in Brown-Norway rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Fülöp ◽  
Wenguang Feng ◽  
Dongqi Xing ◽  
Kai He ◽  
László G. Nőt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Norway Rats

scholarly journals Temporal Delay of Peak T-Cell Immunity Determines Chlamydia pneumoniae Pulmonary Disease in Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 4913-4923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengming Wang ◽  
Frederik W. van Ginkel ◽  
Teayoun Kim ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Yihang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Th1 Cell ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Cell Immunity

ABSTRACT Severe chlamydial disease typically occurs after previous infections and results from a hypersensitivity response that is also required for chlamydial elimination. Here, we quantitatively dissected the immune and disease responses to repeated Chlamydia pneumoniae lung infection by multivariate modeling with four dichotomous effects: mouse strain (A/J or C57BL/6), dietary protein content (14% protein and 0.3% l-cysteine-0.9% l-arginine, or 24% protein and 0.5% l-cysteine-2.0% l-arginine), dietary antioxidant content (90 IU α-tocopherol/kg body weight versus 450 IU α-tocopherol/kg and 0.1% g l-ascorbate), and time course (3 or 10 days postinfection). Following intranasal C. pneumoniae challenge, C57BL/6 mice on a low-protein/low-antioxidant diet, but not C57BL/6 mice on other diets or A/J mice, exhibited profoundly suppressed early lung inflammatory and pan-T-cell (CD3δ+) and helper T-cell (CD45) responses on day 3 but later strongly exacerbated disease on day 10. Contrast analyses characterized severe C. pneumoniae disease as being a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response with increased lung macrophage and Th1 cell marker transcripts, increased Th1:Th2 ratios, and Th1 cytokine-driven inflammation. Results from functional analyses by DTH, enzyme-linked immunospot, and immunohistofluorescence assays were consistent with the results obtained by transcript analysis. Thus, chlamydial disease after secondary infection is a temporal dysregulation of the T-cell response characterized by a profoundly delayed T-helper cell response that results in a failure to eliminate the pathogen and provokes later pathological Th1 inflammation. This delayed T-cell response is under host genetic control and nutritional influence. The mechanism that temporally and quantitatively regulates the host T-cell population is the critical determinant in chlamydial pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Age-related declines in thirst and salt appetite responses in male Fischer 344×Brown Norway rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Thunhorst ◽  
Terry Beltz ◽  
Alan Kim Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Brown Norway ◽  
Salt Appetite ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Norway Rats

Effect of interleukin-1β on airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in sensitized and nonsensitized Brown-Norway rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Tsukagoshi ◽  
Tatsuo Sakamoto ◽  
Wenbing Xu ◽  
Peter J. Barnes ◽  
K.Fan Chung
Keyword(s):  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Norway Rats
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