Transcription and translation of Newcastle disease virus mRNA's in vitro.

Abstract Background Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an oncolytic virus with excellent selectivity against cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Unfortunately, prolonged in vitro NDV infection results in the development of persistent infection in the cancer cells which are then able to resist NDV-mediated oncolysis. However, the mechanism of persistency of infection remains poorly understood. Methods In this study, we established persistently NDV-infected EJ28 bladder cancer cells, designated as EJ28P. Global transcriptomic analysis was subsequently carried out by microarray analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EJ28 and EJ28P cells identified by the edgeR program were further analysed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) analyses. In addition, the microarray data were validated by RT-qPCR. Results Persistently NDV-infected EJ28 bladder cancer cells were successfully established and confirmed by flow cytometry. Microarray analysis identified a total of 368 genes as differentially expressed in EJ28P cells when compared to the non-infected EJ28 cells. GSEA revealed that the Wnt/β-catenin and KRAS signalling pathways were upregulated while the TGF-β signalling pathway was downregulated. Findings from this study suggest that the upregulation of genes that are associated with cell growth, pro-survival, and anti-apoptosis may explain the survivability of EJ28P cells and the development of persistent infection of NDV. Conclusions This study provides insights into the transcriptomic changes that occur and the specific signalling pathways that are potentially involved in the development and maintenance of NDV persistency of infection in bladder cancer cells. These findings warrant further investigation and is crucial towards the development of effective NDV oncolytic therapy against cancer.

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Newcastle disease virus enhances the growth-inhibiting and proapoptotic effects of temozolomide on glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-018-29929-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yang Bai ◽

Yong Chen ◽

Xinyu Hong ◽

Xinrui Liu ◽

Xing Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Glioblastoma Cells ◽

Growth Inhibiting

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Release of Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine from Chitosan Microspheres In vitro and In vivo

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.5713/ajas.2004.543 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 543-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I. K. Park ◽

H. L. Jiang ◽

C. H. Yun ◽

Y. J. Choi ◽

S. J. Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Virus Vaccine ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Chitosan Microspheres ◽

Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine

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Development and pre-clinical evaluation of Newcastle disease virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 intranasal vaccine candidate

10.1101/2021.03.07.434276 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manolo Fernandez Díaz ◽

Katherine Calderon ◽

Aldo Rojas-Neyra ◽

Vikram N. Vakharia ◽

Ricardo Choque-Guevara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Allantoic Fluid ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Hamster Model ◽

Golden Syrian Hamster ◽

Oncological Treatment

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide and threatens to become an endemic problem, therefore the need for as many types of vaccines as possible is of high importance.Because of the millions of doses required, it is desirable that vaccines are not only safe and effective, but also easy to administer, store, and inexpensive to produce.Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is responsible for a respiratory disease in chickens. It has no pathogenic homologue in humans. NDV is recognized as an oncolytic virus, and its use in humans for oncological treatment is being evaluated.In the present work, we have developed two types of NDV-vectored candidate vaccines, which carry the surface-exposed RBD and S1 antigens of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. These vaccine candidates were produced in specific-pathogen-free embryonating chicken eggs, and purified from allantoic fluid before lyophilization. These vaccines were administered intranasally to three different animal models: mice, rats and hamsters, and evaluated for safety, toxicity, immunogenicity, stability and efficacy. Efficacy was evaluated in a challenge assay against active SARS-CoV-2 virus in the Golden Syrian hamster model.The NDV-vectored vaccine based on the S1 antigen was shown to be safe and highly immunogenic, with the ability to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro, even with an extreme dilution of 1/640. Our results reveal that this vaccine candidate protects the lungs of the animals, preventing cellular damage in this tissue. In addition, this vaccine reduces the viral load in the lungs, suggesting that it may significantly reduce the likelihood of transmission. Being lyophilized, this vaccine candidate is very stable and can be stored for several months at 4-8⁰C.In conclusion, our NDV-based vaccine candidate has shown a very favorable performance in the pre-clinical study, serving as evidence for a future evaluation in a Phase-I human clinical trial. This candidate represents a promising tool in the fight against COVID-19.

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