scholarly journals Sequence identification of cytochrome b in Plasmodium gallinaceum.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3614-3620 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Aldritt ◽  
J T Joseph ◽  
D F Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Gallinaceum ◽  
Primary Transcript ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Sequence Identification ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Extrachromosomal Element

We have identified a gene that encodes the polypeptide cytochrome b in the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum. The gene containing the open reading frame was found to be located on a 6.2-kilobase multimeric extrachromosomal element. The amino acid translation from this gene demonstrated significant similarities to cytochrome b sequences from yeast, mammal, and fungus genomes. We present evidence that the P. gallinaceum cytochrome b transcript is part of a larger primary transcript from the element that is subsequently processed. The message for P. gallinaceum cytochrome b was found to be 1.2 kilobases in size. This is the first report identifying a mitochondrial nucleic acid sequence in malaria-causing organisms and suggests that a functional cytochrome system may exist in these parasites.

Sequence identification of cytochrome b in Plasmodium gallinaceum

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3614-3620
Author(s):  
S M Aldritt ◽  
J T Joseph ◽  
D F Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Gallinaceum ◽  
Primary Transcript ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Sequence Identification ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Extrachromosomal Element

We have identified a gene that encodes the polypeptide cytochrome b in the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum. The gene containing the open reading frame was found to be located on a 6.2-kilobase multimeric extrachromosomal element. The amino acid translation from this gene demonstrated significant similarities to cytochrome b sequences from yeast, mammal, and fungus genomes. We present evidence that the P. gallinaceum cytochrome b transcript is part of a larger primary transcript from the element that is subsequently processed. The message for P. gallinaceum cytochrome b was found to be 1.2 kilobases in size. This is the first report identifying a mitochondrial nucleic acid sequence in malaria-causing organisms and suggests that a functional cytochrome system may exist in these parasites.

Characterization of a conserved extrachromosomal element isolated from the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3621-3629
Author(s):  
J T Joseph ◽  
S M Aldritt ◽  
T Unnasch ◽  
O Puijalon ◽  
D F Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Pulse Field ◽  
Plasmodium Gallinaceum ◽  
Multiple Transcripts ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Extrachromosomal Element ◽  
Repeat Unit Length

We have identified a conserved, repeated, and highly transcribed DNA element from the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum. The element produced multiple transcripts in both zygotes and asexual blood stages of this parasite. It was found to be highly conserved in all of five malarial species tested and hybridized at reduced stringency to other members of the phylum Apicomplexa, including the genera Babesia, Eimeria, Toxoplasma, and Theileria. The copy number of the element was about 15, and it had a circularly permuted restriction map with a repeat unit length of about 6.2 kilobases. It could be separated from the main genomic DNA by using sucrose gradients and agarose gels, and it migrated separately from the recognized Plasmodium chromosomes on pulse-field gels. In the accompanying paper (S. M. Aldritt, J. T. Joseph, and D. F. Wirth, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:3614-3620, 1989), evidence is presented that element contains the mitochondrial genes for the protein cytochrome b and a fragment of the large rRNA. We postulate that this element is an episome in the mitochondria of the obligate parasites belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa.

scholarly journals Characterization of a conserved extrachromosomal element isolated from the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3621-3629 ◽  
Author(s):  
J T Joseph ◽  
S M Aldritt ◽  
T Unnasch ◽  
O Puijalon ◽  
D F Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Pulse Field ◽  
Plasmodium Gallinaceum ◽  
Multiple Transcripts ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Extrachromosomal Element ◽  
Repeat Unit Length

We have identified a conserved, repeated, and highly transcribed DNA element from the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum. The element produced multiple transcripts in both zygotes and asexual blood stages of this parasite. It was found to be highly conserved in all of five malarial species tested and hybridized at reduced stringency to other members of the phylum Apicomplexa, including the genera Babesia, Eimeria, Toxoplasma, and Theileria. The copy number of the element was about 15, and it had a circularly permuted restriction map with a repeat unit length of about 6.2 kilobases. It could be separated from the main genomic DNA by using sucrose gradients and agarose gels, and it migrated separately from the recognized Plasmodium chromosomes on pulse-field gels. In the accompanying paper (S. M. Aldritt, J. T. Joseph, and D. F. Wirth, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:3614-3620, 1989), evidence is presented that element contains the mitochondrial genes for the protein cytochrome b and a fragment of the large rRNA. We postulate that this element is an episome in the mitochondria of the obligate parasites belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa.

A photosystem II polypeptide is encoded by an open reading frame co-transcribed with genes for cytochrome b-559 in wheat chloroplast DNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Webber ◽  
Sean M. Hird ◽  
Leonard C. Packman ◽  
Tristan A. Dyer ◽  
John C. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Reading Frame

scholarly journals Membrane integration and topology of RIFIN and STEVOR proteins of thePlasmodium falciparumparasite

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Andersson ◽  
Renuka Kudva ◽  
Anastasia Magoulopoulou ◽  
Quentin Lejarre ◽  
Patricia Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Membrane Insertion ◽  
Transmembrane Helices ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Er Membrane

ABSTRACTThe malarial parasitePlasmodium, infects red blood cells by remodeling them and transporting its own proteins to their cell surface. These proteins trigger adhesion of infected cells to uninfected cells (rosetting), and to the vascular endothelium, obstructing blood flow and contributing to pathogenesis. RIFINs (P. falciparum-encoded repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides) and STEVORs (subtelomeric variable open reading frame), are two classes of proteins that are involved in rosetting. Here we study the membrane insertion and topology of three RIFIN and two STEVOR proteins, employing a well-established assay that uses N-linked glycosylation of sites within the protein as a measure to assess the topology a protein adopts when inserted into the ER membrane. Our results indicate that all the proteins tested assume an overall topology of Ncyt-Ccyt, with predicted transmembrane helices TM1 and TM3 integrated into the ER membrane. We also show that the segments predicted as TM2 do not reside in the membrane. Our conclusions are consistent with other recent topology studies on RIFIN and STEVOR proteins.

scholarly journals THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE PLASMODIUM GALLINACEUM OOCYST IN AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITOES

1967 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Terzakis ◽  
Helmuth Sprinz ◽  
Ronald A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Gallinaceum ◽  
Dense Area ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Cleft Formation ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Single Mitochondrion

Sporoblast and sporozoite formation from oocysts of the avian malarial parasite, Plasmodium gallinaceum, after the seventh day of infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes offers an interesting example of differentiation involving the appearance and modification of several cellular components. Sporoblast formation is preceded by (a) invaginations of the oocyst capsule into the oocyst cytoplasm, (b) subcapsular vacuolization and cleft formation, (c) the appearance of small tufts of capsule material on the previously noted invaginations, and (d) linear dense areas located just below the oocyst plasma membrane which predetermine the site of emerging sporozoites from the sporoblast. The subcapsular clefts subdivide the once-solid oocyst into sporoblast peninsulae. Within the sporoblast, nuclei migrate from the random distribution seen in the solid oocyst and come to lie at the periphery of the sporoblast just below the linear dense areas noted in the earlier stage. A typical nuclear fiber apparatus occurs in most of the nuclei seen in random sections at this stage although such a fiber apparatus may occasionally be seen in the solid oocyst stage. The nucleus, its associated fiber apparatus, and the overlying dense area appear to induce the onset of sporozoite budding from the sporoblast as well as the formation of the sporozoite pellicular complex and the paired organelle precursor. Several mitochondria are present in each sporozoite, in contrast to the single mitochondrion seen in the merozoites of the erythrocytic and exoerythrocytic stages of avian malaria infection. The paired organelles and associated dense inclusion bodies are formed by condensation of an irregular meshwork of membrane-bound, coarse, dense material. The nature of small, particulate cytoplasmic inclusions is described.

Complete structure of the gene encoding an immunodominant antigen of Dirofilaria immitis and larva-specific synthesis of primary transcript

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sun ◽  
K. Sugane
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Primary Transcript ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Immunodominant Antigen ◽  
Nuclease Mapping

AbstractThe complete gene encoding an immunodominant antigen of Dirofilaria immitis was isolated from a Charomid 9–36 genomic DNA library. This genomic DNA clone termed ‘Dg2’ was characterized by restriction mapping, DNA sequencing of the 5′ flanking region, the exon/intron boundaries and the polyadenylation addition site. The Dg2 with 4872 bp in length consisted of five exons interspersed with four introns. These exons reveal a single open reading frame followed by a long 3′ non-coding region of 1383 bp. The open reading frame of 969 bp encodes a polypeptide of 322 amino acids with a molecular weight of 34,400. The ATG translation initiation codon starts 22 nucleotides downstream from the 5′ end of the first exon. The polyadenylation signal sequence, AATAAA, is located at the 3′ end of the last exon. The transcription initiation site was determined by primer extension technique. S1 nuclease mapping analysis demonstrated that the primary transcript derived from Dg2 is synthesized in microfilariae but not in male or female adult worms. The result suggests that the stage-specific expression of Dg2 is regulated at the level of primary transcript.

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