PW 2534 Motor vehicle crash, citation, and license suspension rates among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common problems in adolescents. Risky behaviors in patients with ADHD are due to impaired impulse control resulting from problems with inhibition of proponent responses, controlling interference, and stopping ongoing responses after feedback on errors. The present study investigated the relationship between ADHD and risky driving behavior and the likelihood of car accident in Arak, Iran, in 2015-16. Method: This case-control study was conducted in the Emergency Department of Vali-Asr hospital in Arak (Iran) on drivers who met the inclusion criteria. The data gathering tools included the Demographic Questionnaire, Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The mean of ADHD (±SD) was higher among cases (81.64 [26.78]) than in controls (64 [24.28], P = 0.000). The mean of risky driving behaviors (±SD) was higher among cases (66.41[26.78]) than in controls (36.79 [25.42]). There was a significant relationship between ADHD, risky behavior, lapse errors, slips, deliberate ‎violation, and unintentional violation and car accident (P = 0.000). Conclusion: This study showed that ADHD increases the risk of road crashes and motor vehicle injuries. These drivers tend to drive at unauthorized speed, have less control over the vehicle, drive more carelessly, and are more likely to have an accident.

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Motor Vehicle Driving Competencies and Risks in Teens and Young Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.98.6.1089 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 1089-1095

Author(s):

Russell A. Barkley ◽

Kevin R. Murphy ◽

Denise Kwasnik

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Young Adults ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Actual Performance ◽

Simulated Driving ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Motor Vehicle Driving

Purpose. To evaluate the motor vehicle driving knowledge, skills, and negative driving outcomes of older teens and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Location. A university medical center clinic for adult ADHD. Subjects. A total of 25 young adults with ADHD and 23 young adults without ADHD 17 to 30 years old drawn from the community and equated for age, gender, and educational level. Measures. Structured interview, behavior ratings by self and others, video test of driving knowledge, computer simulated driving test, and official motor vehicle records. Results. ADHD young adults were cited more often for speeding, were more likely to have had their licenses suspended, were involved in more crashes, were more likely to have had crashes causing bodily injury, and were rated by themselves and others as using poorer driving habits. Official driving records corroborated these negative outcomes. Although no group differences in driving knowledge were evident, young adults with ADHD had more crashes, scrapes, and erratic steering during the computer-simulated driving test than did the control subjects. Conclusions. Findings supported previous research suggesting that greater driving risks are associated with ADHD and suggested that ADHD does not interfere with driving knowledge so much as with actual performance (motor control) during vehicle operation.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Comorbidities, Substance Use, and Social Outcomes among Men and Women in a Canadian Sample

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/982072 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Evelyn Vingilis ◽

Patricia G. Erickson ◽

Maggie E. Toplak ◽

Nathan J. Kolla ◽

Robert E. Mann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Substance Use ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Medication Use ◽

Antidepressant Medication ◽

Social Outcomes ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Cocaine Use ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

Background.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can persist in adolescence and adulthood.Aim.To examine prevalence of ADHD symptoms and correlates in a representative sample of adults 18 years and older living in Ontario, Canada.Method.We used the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Monitor, an ongoing cross-sectional telephone survey, to examine the relationships between ADHD positive symptoms and comorbidities, substance use, medication use, social outcomes, and sociodemographics.Results.Of 4014 residents sampled in 2011-2012, 3.30% (2.75%–3.85%) screened positively for ADHD symptoms (women = 3.6%; men = 3.0%). For men, distress, antisocial symptoms, cocaine use, antianxiety medication use, antidepressant medication use, and criminal offence arrest were associated with positive ADHD screen. For women, distress, cocaine use, antianxiety medication use, antidepressant medication use, pain medication use, and motor vehicle collision in the past year were associated with positive ADHD screen.Conclusions.ADHD symptoms are associated with adverse medical and social outcomes that are in some cases gender specific.

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