P38 Risk and protective factors for psychotic experiences in adolescence: a population-based study

Abstract Background: Identification of risk and protective factors is of great importance in designing preventive and interventional programs. The aim of the present study has been to investigate peer/individual, family, school, and community risk and protective factors as predictors of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents. Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study, 870 Iranian adolescents aged 15–18 years old, filled out the adopted form of “Communities That Care Youth Survey”. Thirty-two risk and protective factors were entered in adjusted logistic regression analyses to predict the lifetime cigarette and alcohol use. Results: Sixteen risk and seven protective factors predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use in the bivariate logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis 12 risk factors including friends’ use of drugs, interaction with antisocial peers, sensation seeking, intention to use, perceived risks of drug use, family history of drug use, poor family management, parental attitudes favorable toward drug use, family conflict, academic failure, school low commitment, perceived availability of drugs predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use as well as four protective factors including religiosity, self-esteem, family rewards for prosocial involvement, and school rewards for prosocial involvement. The highest OR were related to the risk factor of “Rewards for antisocial involvement” [3.9(1.5–10)], and protective factor of “Religiosity” [0.1(0.1–0.3)]. Conclusion: The present study has produced evidences about risk and protective factors related to adolescents substance use and can help designing and implementing of preventive interventions for maintaining and promoting adolescents health.

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Risk and protective factors for childhood suicidality: a US population-based study

The Lancet Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30049-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 317-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Delfina Janiri ◽

Gaelle E Doucet ◽

Maurizio Pompili ◽

Gabriele Sani ◽

Beatriz Luna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Factors ◽

Risk And Protective Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study

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Longitudinal courses of suicidal ideation in U.S. military veterans: a 7-year population-based, prospective cohort study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721000301 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sarah Herzog ◽

Jack Tsai ◽

Brandon Nichter ◽

Lorig Kachadourian ◽

Ilan Harpaz-Rotem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Physical Health ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Risk And Protective Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Baseline Risk ◽

Relative Risk Ratio ◽

National Probability Sample ◽

New Onset

Abstract Background Varied longitudinal courses of suicidal ideation (SI) may be linked to unique sets of risk and protective factors. Method A national probability sample of 2291 U.S. veterans was followed over four assessments spanning 7 years to examine how a broad range of baseline risk and protective factors predict varying courses of SI. Results Most veterans (82.6%) denied SI at baseline and all follow-ups, while 8.7% had new onset SI, 5.4% chronic SI, and 3.3% remitted SI. Compared to the no-SI group, chronic SI was associated with childhood trauma, baseline major depressive and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (MDD/PTSD), physical health difficulties, and recent traumatic stressors. Remitted veterans had the highest risk of a prior suicide attempt (SA) compared to no-SI [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 3.31] and chronic SI groups (RRR = 4.65); and high rates of MDD/PTSD (RRR = 7.62). New onset SI was associated with recent stressors and physical health difficulties. All symptomatic SI groups reported decrements in protective factors, specifically, social connectedness, trait curiosity/exploration, and purpose in life. Conclusion Nearly one-in-five veterans reported SI over a 7-year period, most of whom evidenced new onset or remitted SI courses. Chronic and remitted SI may represent particularly high-risk SI courses; the former was associated with higher rates of prospective SA, and psychiatric and physical distress, and the latter with increased likelihood of prior SA, and isolation from social and mental health supports. Physical disability, MDD/PTSD, and recent stressors may be important precipitating or maintaining factors of SI, while social connectedness may be a key target for suicide prevention efforts.

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