The impact of components of fine particulate matter on cardiovascular mortality in susceptible subpopulations

Background/Aim: Previous studies have suggested that the short-term ambient air pollution and temperature are associated with myocardial infarction. In this study, we aimed to conduct a time-series analysis to assess the impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and temperature on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among adults over 20 years of age in Korea by using the data from the Korean National Health Information Database (KNHID). Methods: The daily data of 192,567 AMI cases in Seoul were collected from the nationwide, population-based KNHID from 2005 to 2014. The monitoring data of ambient PM2.5 from the Seoul Research Institute of Public Health and Environment were also collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) that allowed for a quasi-Poisson distribution was used to analyze the effects of PM2.5 and temperature on the incidence of AMI. Results: The models with PM2.5 lag structures of lag 0 and 2-day averages of lag 0 and 1 (lag 01) showed significant associations with AMI (Relative risk [RR]: 1.011, CI: 1.003–1.020 for lag 0, RR: 1.010, CI: 1.000–1.020 for lag 01) after adjusting the covariates. Stratification analysis conducted in the cold season (October–April) and the warm season (May–September) showed a significant lag 0 effect for AMI cases in the cold season only. Conclusions: In conclusion, acute exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with AMI morbidity at lag 0 in Seoul, Korea. This increased risk was also observed at low temperatures.

Download Full-text

The Impact of The Pico Y Placa Policy On Fine Particulate Matter In Lima, Peru

10.21203/rs.3.rs-785315/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yovitza Romero ◽

Priyanka deSouza ◽

Fabio Duarte ◽

Patrick Kinney ◽

Carlo Ratti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Vehicular Emissions ◽

Government Officials ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Particulate Matter Concentration ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

The Impact ◽

The City ◽

Matter Concentration

Abstract Lima has been ranked among the top most polluted cities in the Americas. Vehicular emissions are the dominant source of pollution in the city. In order to reduce congestion and pollution levels during the XVIII Pan- and Parapan-American Games, Lima government officials enacted the pico y placa policy to restrict the number of vehicles on certain heavily trafficked roads in the city at rush hours between Monday to Thursday based on the last digit of their license plates. This policy was retained after the Games. In this paper we evaluate the impact of this policy on fine particulate matter concentration levels (PM2.5) at a background site in the city using a difference-in-difference approach. We find that the policy resulted in increases on PM2.5 levels on Monday-Thursday compared to Friday-Sunday levels after the policy was enacted, compared to previous years. However, such an increase was not significant. These results suggest the need for additional policies to reduce pollution due to traffic in Lima. It also suggests the need to track the response to this policy over time to evaluate its efficacy.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Fine Particulate Matter on School Absences

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a6015 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

D. Mendoza ◽

T.G. Liou ◽

C.S. Pirozzi ◽

Y. Zhang ◽

R. Paine

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

School Absences ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Short-Term Associations of Fine Particulate Matter and Synoptic Weather Types with Cardiovascular Mortality: An Ecological Time-Series Study in Shanghai, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17031111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 1111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qing Tian ◽

Mei Li ◽

Scott Montgomery ◽

Bo Fang ◽

Chunfang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Cold Weather ◽

Short Term ◽

Weather Types ◽

Synoptic Weather ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Pm2.5 Concentration

Background: Exposures to both ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and extreme weather conditions have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths in numerous epidemiologic studies. However, evidence on the associations with CVD deaths for interaction effects between PM2.5 and weather conditions is still limited. This study aimed to investigate associations of exposures to PM2.5 and weather conditions with cardiovascular mortality, and further to investigate the synergistic or antagonistic effects of ambient air pollutants and synoptic weather types (SWTs). Methods: Information on daily CVD deaths, air pollution, and meteorological conditions between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014 was obtained in Shanghai, China. Generalized additive models were used to assess the associations of daily PM2.5 concentrations and meteorological factors with CVD deaths. A 15-day lag analysis was conducted using a polynomial distributed lag model to access the lag patterns for associations with PM2.5. Results: During the study period, the total number of CVD deaths in Shanghai was 59,486, with a daily mean of 54.3 deaths. The average daily PM2.5 concentration was 55.0 µg/m3. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 1.26% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40%, 2.12%) increase in CVD mortality. No SWT was statistically significantly associated with CVD deaths. For the interaction between PM2.5 and SWT, statistically significant interactions were found between PM2.5 and cold weather, with risk for PM2.5 in cold dry SWT decreasing by 1.47% (95% CI: 0.54%, 2.39%), and in cold humid SWT the risk decreased by 1.45% (95% CI: 0.52%, 2.36%). In the lag effect analysis, statistically significant positive associations were found for PM2.5 in the 1–3 lag days, while no statistically significant effects were found for other lag day periods. Conclusions: Exposure to PM2.5 was associated with short-term increased risk of cardiovascular deaths with some lag effects, while the cold weather may have an antagonistic effect with PM2.5. However, the ecological study design limited the possibility to identify a causal relationship, so prospective studies with individual level data are warranted.

Download Full-text

The impact of polar fraction of the fine particulate matter on redox responses in different rat tissues

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-019-06452-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (31) ◽

pp. 32476-32487 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joaquim de Paula Ribeiro ◽

Ana Cristina Kalb ◽

Sabrina de Bastos Maya ◽

Adriana Gioda ◽

Pablo Elias Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Polar Fraction ◽

Rat Tissues ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Associations between fine particulate matter constituents and daily cardiovascular mortality in Shanghai, China

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 191 ◽

pp. 110154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cuiping Wang ◽

Lipeng Hao ◽

Cong Liu ◽

Renjie Chen ◽

Weidong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate

Download Full-text

Spatial analysis of air masses backward trajectories in order to identify distant sources of fine particulate matter emission / Analiza przestrzenna wstecznych trajektorii mas powietrza w celu rozpoznania odległych źródeł emisji pyłu drobnego

Archives of Environmental Protection ◽

10.1515/aep-2015-0015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 28-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jolanta Godłowska ◽

Monika J. Hajto ◽

A. Monika Tomaszewska

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Emission Sources ◽

Air Masses ◽

Backward Trajectories ◽

Particulate Matter Emission ◽

Aggregate Information ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a method of identifying distant emission sources of fine particulate matter PM2.5 affecting significantly PM2.5 concentrations at a given location. The method involves spatial analysis of aggregate information about PM2.5 concentrations measured at the location and air masses backward trajectories calculated by HYSPLIT model. The method was examined for three locations of PM2.5 measurement stations (Diabla Góra, Gdańsk, and Katowice) which represented different environmental conditions. The backward trajectories were calculated starting from different heights (30, 50, 100 and 150 m a. g. l.). All points of a single backward trajectory were assigned to the PM2.5 concentration corresponding to the date and the site of the beginning of trajectory calculation. Daily average concentrations of PM2.5 were used, and in the case of Gdańsk also hourly ones. It enabled to assess the effectiveness of the presented method using daily averages if hourly ones were not available. Locations of distant sources of fine particulate matter emission were determined by assigning to each grid node a mean value of PM2.5 concentrations associated with the trajectories points located within the so-called search ellipse. Nearby sources of fine particulate matter emission were eliminated by filtering the trajectories points located close to each other (so-called duplicates). The analyses covered the period of January-March 2010. The results indicated the different origin of air masses in the northern and southern Poland. In Diabla Góra and Gdańsk the distant sources of fine particulate matter emission are identified in Belarus and Russia. In Katowice the impact of the Belarusian PM2.5 emission sources was also noted but as the most important fine particulate matter emission sources were considered those located in the area of Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Ukraine.

Download Full-text