Probabilistic observational method for estimating wall displacements in excavations

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Hsuan Wu ◽  
Jianye Ching ◽  
Chang-Yu Ou
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Wall Displacement ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Updating Procedure

In this study, a novel method for updating the probability distribution of the maximum wall displacement at the ith excavation stage ([Formula: see text]) based on the measurements at earlier stages is proposed. The main novelty of the proposed method is in the updating procedure, which incorporates the correlation among the estimation errors at various stages. This “stage correlation” is evident from a database of wall displacement data from 22 case histories. By incorporating the stage correlation, it is shown that the uncertainty in [Formula: see text] can be effectively reduced through a Bayesian analysis. Furthermore, the calculation steps for such updating can be easily implemented by practical engineers because these calculation steps involve only algebraic computations and chart checking. Sophisticated analyses, such as solving an optimization problem (required by the maximum likelihood method) and probabilistic analyses are not necessary because all of the Bayesian analysis results are summarized in the charts.

A Case Study for a Turbogenerator Accident Using Multiscale Association

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-Ren Yu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Qing-Hua Hu ◽  
Xiao-Min Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Multiscale Analysis ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Sensor Fault ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
True Signal

This paper presents a novel method of multiscale association for analyzing a turbogenerator accident having strange behaviors and serious consequence. Wave index (WI) and credibility of sensor fault are proposed based on multiscale analysis of the recorded data, and then the associational degree of WI is used to detect sensor fault. In addition, mechanism models are built to verify that detection. Furthermore, maximum likelihood method and neural network are applied to estimate the confidence interval of the fault sensor and the true signal. The estimation has been used to clearly explain the cause of this accident.

The co-responsibility of mass and environment in the formation of lenticular galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (S359) ◽  
pp. 173-174
Author(s):  
A. Cortesi ◽  
L. Coccato ◽  
M. L. Buzzo ◽  
K. Menéndez-Delmestre ◽  
T. Goncalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lenticular Galaxies ◽  
Galaxies Kinematics

AbstractWe present the latest data release of the Planetary Nebulae Spectrograph Survey (PNS) of ten lenticular galaxies and two spiral galaxies. With this data set we are able to recover the galaxies’ kinematics out to several effective radii. We use a maximum likelihood method to decompose the disk and spheroid kinematics and we compare it with the kinematics of spiral and elliptical galaxies. We build the Tully- Fisher (TF) relation for these galaxies and we compare with data from the literature and simulations. We find that the disks of lenticular galaxies are hotter than the disks of spiral galaxies at low redshifts, but still dominated by rotation velocity. The mechanism responsible for the formation of these lenticular galaxies is neither major mergers, nor a gentle quenching driven by stripping or Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) feedback.

Phylogenetic Analysis of Black Peper (Piper Spp.) Population Collected in Different Locations of Vietnam Based on the ITSU1-4 Gene Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonexay Rasphone ◽  
Long Thanh Dang ◽  
Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Quang Nguyen ◽  
Oanh Thi Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Gene Region ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Intraspecific Distance

Abstract Background: The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA is one of the most commonly used DNA markers in plant phylogenetic and DNA barcoding analyses, and it has been recommended as a core plant DNA barcode. To compare and find out the analysis genetic diversity difference some pepper individuals collected in different localities in Vietnam when using the ITS of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The ITS gene region from the nuclear genomes were tested for their suitability as DNA barcoding regions of thirty-nine pepper individuals. Universal primers were used, and sequenced products were analyzed using the Maximum Likelihood method and Tamura-Nei model in the MEGA X program.Results: We did not observe high variability in intraspecific distance within the ITSu1-4 gene region between individuals, ranged from 0.000 to 0.155 (mean = 0.033). The size of the gene region has fluctuated from 667 to 685 bp between different individuals with the percentage (G + C) contained in the ITSu1-4 gene region was ranged from 54.776% to 60.805%, mean = 60.174%. The values of Fu’s Fs, D, Fu and Li’s D* and F* were negative as well (Fs = -0.209, D = -1.824; P < 0.05, D* = -1.205; not significant, P > 0.10 and F* = -1.699; not significant, 0.10 > P > 0.05), indicating an excess of recently derived haplotypes and suggesting that either population expansion or background selection has occurred. The value Strobeck’s S the obtained between individuals in a population is high (S = 0.684). The results of evolutionary relationships of taxa obtained 3 groups with the highest value of Fst is shown in the pairs of groups II and III (Fst = 0.151), and the lowest is in groups II and I (Fst = 0.015). All of the new sequences have been deposited in GeneBank under the following accession numbers MZ636718 to MZ636756.Conclusions: This database is an important resource for researchers working on Species of pepper in Vietnam and also provides a tool to create ITSu1-4 databases for any given taxonomy.

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