INHERITANCE OF LEAF PEROXIDASES IN OATS

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Yen ◽  
K. Sadanaga
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Hexaploid Species ◽  
Starch Gel

Starch gel electrophoresis of leaves of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wild species as well as hexaploid cultivars and mutants of oats (Avena) disclosed several faint and three stable peroxidase bands, designated F, M, and S, in the anodal gel. The F band was observed only in the hexaploids, the M band in some diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species, and the S band in some diploid and tetraploid species. The inheritance was studied of banding patterns F+M, F, M, and Null observed in the cultivars. The hybrids had only the combined bands of both parents, as did the mixture of leaf juices. Genetic studies in the F1and F2populations of crosses among parents differing in the four banding patterns revealed that band F was controlled by a dominant gene and band M by one or two independent genes. A segregation ratio of 11F+M:4M:1F in the F2populations of a cross between F × M parents indicated that one of the genes controlling band M is allelic to and codominant with the gene controlling band F.

Genetic diversity in red pine: evidence for low genic heterozygosity

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
R. W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Genetically Determined

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to survey for genetically determined enzyme mobility differences among 297 megagametophytes of red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) from five widely separated geographical sources. Consistent and reproducible enzyme banding patterns were observed with five of the seven isozyme systems assayed. No variation in band mobility was observed in any of these systems. This result stands in contrast with those reported from surveys of allozyme variation in other coniferous species but is consistent with the low degree of genetic variation observed in red pine for higher levels of genetic organization. It is concluded that red pine is genetically depauperate.Possible explanations for restricted genetic diversity are discussed. The most plausible explanation suggests that red pine was at sometime, possibly during the Pleistocene, reduced to a small refugial population and has yet to reestablish equilibrium heterozygosity.

A biochemical approach towards the taxonomy of leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1803-1805
Author(s):  
R. A. Khan ◽  
G. I. McT. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Biochemical Approach

Whole specimens of starved marine leeches of two genera, were compared by means of micro starch-gel electrophoresis. Distinct electrophoretic banding patterns were observed between Malmiana scorpii and M. brunnea and Oceanobdella microstoma and O. sexoculata and corroborate previous identifications based on conventional taxonomic characteristics. The results indicate that this technique could be used for taxonomic separation of leeches at the specific and possibly at the generic level.

scholarly journals Identifying Crabapple Cultivars by Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

Forty-five crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars were evaluated for 16 isozyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. Of the 16 systems evaluated, 6 were useful in separating among cultivars. Enzyme systems used to distinguish among the cultivars included alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Each enzyme system produced one well-resolved polymorphic region except for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which produced two. Most crabapple selections could be identified when all six enzymes were evaluated. Alcohol dehydrogenase had the most diagnostic banding patterns useful for cultivar identification.

scholarly journals Identifying Olive Cultivars by Isozyme Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Trujillo ◽  
Luis Rallo ◽  
Pere Arús
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Different Origins

Pollen samples of 155 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars from different origins were analyzed to study isoenzymatic variability in five enzyme systems: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and malic enzyme (ME) using starch gel electrophoresis. Polymorphism was observed in all of the isozyme systems. ME, GPI, EST, and LAP were the most useful systems for identification of cultivars. Different combinations of banding patterns of these systems allowed us to identify 85% of the cultivars. The remainder were separated into groups of two or three cultivars that could be identified using morphological characteristics. No intracultivar polymorphisms were observed.

scholarly journals Isozymes for Cultivar Identification in Kiwifruit

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Messina ◽  
R. Testolin ◽  
M. Morgante
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison

The usefulness of isozyme banding patterns as genetic markers in kiwifruit [Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson] was investigated using starch gel electrophoresis. Fifty-four entries putatively belonging to seven female and two male kiwifruit cultivars were examined for 13 enzyme systems (AAT, ACO, GDH, G6PDH, IDH, MDH, ME, MNR, NDH, 6PGD, PGI, PGM, and SKDH). Four enzyme systems, ACO, MDH, NDH, and SKDH, showed identical banding patterns in all clones surveyed. Of the remaining enzymes, AAT, PGI, and PGM had the best discriminating power. Six enzyme systems (GDH, G6PDH, IDH, ME, MNR, and 6PGD), though showing polymorphic banding patterns, were poorly resolved. All the New Zealand cultivars were uniquely identified by the simultaneous comparison of the AAT, PGI, and PGM zymograms. Some enzyme systems were also polymorphic among plants within the same cultivar, thus proving the heterogeneity of kiwifruit material introduced into Europe in the early 1970s.

GENETIC STUDIES OF ISOZYMES IN NEUROSPORA. I. A STUDY OF EIGHT SPECIES

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohan Reddy ◽  
S. F. H. Threlkeld
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Phosphatases ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Starch Gel

Mycelial extracts of 34 strains representing eight species of the genus Neurospora were subjected to acrylamide and starch gel electrophoresis to detect sites of esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase activity. Nine isozymes of esterases, four isozymes of lactate dehyrogenases, three isozymes of peroxidases, and two isozymes of acid phosphatases were detected on the gels for the species. The application of zymograms as a biochemical means to characterize species is discussed.

scholarly journals Identifying Pecan Cultivars by Isozymes and Inheritance of Leucine Aminopeptidase

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Larry J. Grauke ◽  
Tommy E. Thompson ◽  
Ruth S. Janos
Keyword(s):  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Phosphoglucose Isomerase ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Leaf Material ◽  
Isozyme Patterns ◽  
Starch Gel

More than 170 pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars were evaluated formalate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and diaphorase (DIA). Isozymes of LAP were observed in two regions after starch gel electrophoresis. The faster region of activity (Lap-1) was polymorphic and consistently expressed in leaves, wood, and roots. Controlled crosses suggest that Lap-1 is simply inherited and controlled by at least two alleles. DIA was well resolved and storable only from leaf material and produced a complex banding pattern. The ability to differentiate among cultivars by isozymes was good. The 177 cultivars sorted into 72 classes. Forty of the cultivars (23%) possessed a unique series of isozyme patterns. Most cultivars (124 of 177) shared common banding patterns with less than four other cultivars. From the inheritance models of four isozymes, some historical pedigrees can be questioned. Most notably,' Western Schley' could not have been parented by `San Saba' based on the inheritance of Mdh-1 and Lap-1.

scholarly journals VERIFICATION OF AN INTERGENERIC HYBRID BETWEEN DESERT WILLOW AND CATALP A

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1067d-1067
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Jimmy L. Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Chilopsis Linearis ◽  
Rna Genes

Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis) is native to the arid southwestern U.S. and is used as a landscape shrub. Catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides) is a small tree common in the southern U.S. that is used as a landscape plant. Both species have showy flowers and are members of the Bignoniaceae family. Controlled crosses were made using pollen from a single catalpa tree and desert willow stigmas of the cv. `Marfa Lace'. Fruit developed normally and seven seedlings were produced that had leaf morphology intermediate between the parents. From starch gel electrophoresis, putative hybrids had isozyme banding patterns consistent with hybridization between the parent species. A second biochemical verification is being conducted using probes for ribosomal RNA genes.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Phosphoglucomutase and Menadione Reductase Isozymes in Guayule (Parthenium argentatum)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
A. Hashemi ◽  
A. Estilai
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Parthenium Argentatum ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Starch Gel

Leaf extracts of diploid guayule were analyzed for phosphoglucomutase (PGM, EC 2.7.5.1) and menadione reductase (MNR, EC 1.6.99.2) isozymes by starch gel electrophoresis. Banding patterns of hybrids indicated that PGM is monomeric and MNR tetrameric in structure. Two codominant alleles were identified at each of two Pgm loci, designated as Pgm-2 and Pgm-3. Two codominant alleles were observed at Mnr-2; MNR-1 was monomorphic in the Parthenium argentatum genotypes analyzed.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF ISOZYME VARIATIONS IN AMERICAN ELM AND SIBERIAN ELM

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 646b-646
Author(s):  
Z. M. Cheng ◽  
N. O. Shi ◽  
C. G. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Starch Gel

Isozymes have been widely used as markers in cultivar identification, gene mapping and evolutionary studies. However, isozyme data have not been reported in elm species. This work was to develop an optimal system to analyze isozyme variations in American elm and Siberian elm. Two isolation methods were used to extract proteins from young leaf tissues and protein samples were separated by starch gel electrophoresis with three buffer systems. Eight isozymes have been detected in American elm (Ulmus americana) and Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila). Six out of these isozymes (DIA, GOT, MED, ALP, MNR, ACP) showed difference between the two elm species. These results suggest that isozymes can be used as markers in genetic studies in elms.

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