THE ACTION OF THE INTENSIFIER (IN) GENE IN FLAVONOID PRODUCTION IN ALEURONE TISSUE OF MAIZE

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjula R. Reddy ◽  
Peter A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Pigment Composition ◽  
Recessive Condition ◽  
System A ◽  
Anthocyanin Pathway ◽  
Controlling Element ◽  
Comparative Genetic Analysis ◽  
Aleurone Tissue ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The intensifier (in) allele in the homozygous recessive condition, in the appropriate genetic background, accentuates the formation of anthocyanin pigments in the aleurone tissue of maize. In a comparative genetic analysis with In and in combinations of five gene loci of the anthocyanin pathway, A, A2, Bz, Bz2, and Pr, in single and double recessive condition, it was possible to determine the effect of in on the expression of these genes in terms of the quality and quantity of the accumulated pigments. It was found that the recessive in greatly increases the quantity of anthocyanins, 3-deoxy anthocyanins, and leucoanthocyanidins in appropriate genotypes. On the contrary, in did not cause any qualitative differences in the pigment composition. The in showed a dosage effect in increasing the pigment levels. Also, observations were made on the interaction pattern of in with certain controlling-element alleles of the En system. A significant increase in the pigment content was observed due to the in effect without any qualitative changes. The nature of in action and its position in the anthocyanin pathway is discussed in the light of these data.

CONTROLLING ELEMENT ALLELES IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTHOCYANIN PATHWAY IN MAIZE

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjula R. Reddy ◽  
Peter A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Anthocyanin Pathway ◽  
Pathway Data ◽  
Controlling Elements ◽  
Controlling Element ◽  
Aleurone Tissue ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Controlling elements in maize become implanted at diverse loci. These include loci involved with the expression of the anthocyanin pathway in the aleurone tissue. The controlling elements effects on these loci lead to an array of diverse heritable expressions, ranging from colorless to full colored types. Four controlling-element alleles, a-m(r), a2-m(r) (colorless), a-m-1 and a2-m-1 (colored), which respond to the regulatory element En, have been tested for the accumulation of pigments of the anthocyanin pathway to ascertain the role of standard recessive a and a2 genes in the pathway. Data from thin-layer chromatography and absorption spectra clearly show that the triploid aleurone tissue of a-m(r)/a-m(r)/a-m(r) accumulates quercetin and that a2-m(r)/a2-m(r)/a2-m(r) accumulates leucoanthocyanidin. No qualitative differences, in terms of anthocyanin pigments, were observed between a-m-1, a2-m-1 and their corresponding dominant alleles, A and A2. The dominant allele C-I completely inhibits the production of quercetin in a-m(r) tissue, leucoanthocyanidin in a2-m(r) and anthocyanin in a-m-1 and a2-m-1. The genetic control of the anthocyanin pathway in maize is discussed in view of these data.

scholarly journals NOD2 Mutation-Associated Case with Blau Syndrome Triggered by BCG Vaccination

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Akiko Arakawa ◽  
Naotomo Kambe ◽  
Ryuta Nishikomori ◽  
Akiyo Tanabe ◽  
Masamichi Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Topical Corticosteroid ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Blau Syndrome ◽  
Nod2 Mutation ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Cystic Tumors ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

We describe a patient who developed multiple granulomatous skin lesions after Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccination without significant effect by topical corticosteroid, followed by painless cystic tumors on the bilateral knees and hands and inflammatory changes on ophthalmologic examination. A functional mutation in NOD2 was detected by a genetic analysis, and he was diagnosed as sporadic Blau syndrome. Since NOD2 acts as a sensor for the BCG component, it is possible that BCG vaccination may trigger granuloma formation in Blau syndrome patients with such genetic background.

Comparative Genetic Analysis of Homeobox Genes in Mouse and Man

1987 ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Ruddle ◽  
Charles P. Hart ◽  
Mark Rabin ◽  
Anne Ferguson-Smith ◽  
Dimitrina Pravtcheva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Homeobox Genes ◽  
Comparative Genetic Analysis

scholarly journals Genetic and Molecular Genetic Basis of Nuclear-Plastid Incompatibilities

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Vera S. Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis ◽  
Nuclear Loci

Genetic analysis of nuclear-cytoplasm incompatibilities is not straightforward and requires an elaborated experimental design. A number of species have been genetically studied, but notable advances in genetic mapping of nuclear loci involved in nuclear-plastid incompatibility have been achieved only in wheat and pea. This review focuses on the study of the genetic background underlying nuclear-plastid incompatibilities, including cases where the molecular genetic basis of such incompatibility has been unveiled, such as in tobacco, Oenothera, pea, and wheat.

scholarly journals Comparative genetic analysis of quantitative traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. -F. Bert ◽  
G. Dechamp-Guillaume ◽  
F. Serre ◽  
I. Jouan ◽  
D. Tourvieille de Labrouhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Comparative Genetic Analysis

INHERITANCE OF MUTATOR ACTIVITY IN ZEA MAYS AS ASSAYED BY SOMATIC INSTABILITY OF THE bz2-mu1 ALLELE

Genetics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1312
Author(s):  
Virginia Walbot
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Somatic Instability ◽  
Active Line ◽  
Anthocyanin Pathway ◽  
Mutator Activity ◽  
Activity State ◽  
Aleurone Tissue ◽  
Forward Mutation

ABSTRACT Mutator lines of maize were originally defined by their high forward mutation rate, now known to be caused by the transposition of numerous Mu elements. A high frequency of somatic instability, seen as a fine purple spotting pattern on the aleurone tissue, is characteristic of Mu-induced mutable alleles of genes of the anthocyanin pathway. Loss of such somatic instability has been correlated with the de novo, specific modification of Mu element DNA. In this report the presence or loss of somatic instability at the bz2-mu1 allele has been monitored to investigate the inheritance of the Mutator phenomenon. The active state is labile and may become weakly active (low fraction of spotted kernel progeny) or totally inactive (no spotted kernel progeny) during either outcrossing to non-Mutator lines or on self-pollination. In contrast, the inactive state is relatively permanent with rare reactivation in subsequent crosses to non-Mutator lines. Cryptic bz2-mu1 alleles in weakly active lines can be efficiently reactivated to somatic instability when crossed with an active line. However, in reciprocal crosses of active and totally inactive individuals, strong maternal effects were observed on the inactivation of a somatically unstable bz2-mu1allele and on the reactivation of cryptic bz2-mu1 alleles. In general, the activity state of the female parent determines the mutability of the progeny.

scholarly journals Comparative genetic analysis of natural and farmed populations of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Kánainé Sipos ◽  
Gyula Kovács ◽  
Eszter Buza ◽  
Katalin Csenki-Bakos ◽  
Ágnes Ősz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Comparative Genetic Analysis
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