Chromosome numbers of 15 North American bumble bee species (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Robin E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
The Social

Chromosome counts were obtained for 14 Bombus Latr. species (the social bumble bees) belonging to four subgenera and for one Psithyrus Lep. species (the social parasitic bumble bees). In Bombus the haploid numbers were consistent within each subgenus and there was variation between subgenera; the subgenera Bombus s.s. and Pyrobombus have n = 18, while Separatobombus and Cullumanobombus have n = 19. Thus considerable morphological divergence between subgenera is often, but not always, paralleled by divergence in chromosome number. Psithyrus ashtoni has n = 25, higher than all Bombus species yet examined. This provides support for the monophyletic origin of Psithyrus, but the high n is not expected if eusociality selects for increase in chromosome number.

The chromosome numbers of five North American and European leech species

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Davies ◽  
R. N. Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Prophase I ◽  
Metaphase I

Chromosome counts were obtained for four glossiphoniid species belonging to three genera (Glossiphonia, Theromyzon, Placobdella) and for one erpobdellid species (Dina lineata) of freshwater leeches. Theromyzon rude, which has a Palaearctic distribution, had seven bivalents at prophase I and metaphase I, while the Holarctic T. tessulatum had eight bivalents, giving diploid chromosome numbers of 14 and 16, respectively. Placobdella papillifera from Alberta had a chromosome number of 2n = 24 and Glossiphonia complanata from Alberta and England had chromosome counts of 2n = 28. At prophase I and metaphase I nine bivalents occurred in the majority of the nuclei of Dina lineata. These findings are discussed in relation to the chromosome evolution and phylogenetic schemes proposed by previous authors.

Chromosome numbers from pollen in some North American Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2637-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Chinnappa ◽  
L. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
The One ◽  
Basic Numbers

Chromosome counts for eight species of Impatiens from North American populations have been determined from herbarium specimens. The chromosome number n = 10 for I. ecalcarata Blank, is a new report. It is apparent from the present survey that there are at least three basic numbers (n = 7, 10, and 13) represented in North America as opposed to the one (n = 10) suggested by the earlier workers.

Chromosome numbers and the taxonomy of North American Agalinis (Scrophulariaceae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith M. Canne
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Base Chromosome Number ◽  
First Time

Chromosome counts are provided for 25 populations representing 18 species of Agalinis Raf. Chromosome numbers are reported for the first time for A. pinetorum, A. laxa, A. acuta, A. gattingeri, and A. skinneriana. The base chromosome number for section Linifoliae, section Heterophyllae, section Purpureae subsections Purpureae and Setaceae, and section Tenuifoliae is established at x = 14. Section Erectae and section Purpureae subsection Pedunculares have a base number of x = 13.

CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE GENUS ERIGERON

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Montgomery ◽  
Shung-Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Chromosome Counts

The literature relating to the chromosome numbers in the genus Erigeron has been reviewed, and all reported numbers are given. The chromosome number for E. breweri var. porphyreticus (Jones) Cronquist, 2n = 18; E. divergens var. cinereus A. Gray, 2n = 27; E. glabellus var. glabellus Cronquist, 2n = 36; E. glabellus var. pubescens (Hook.) Cronquist, 2n = 36; E. hyssopifolius Michx., 2n = 18; E. quercifolia Lam., 2n = 36; E. simplex Greene, 2n = 27; E. strigosus var. beyrichii (Fisch. & Mey.) A. Gray, 2n = 27; and E. vernus T. & G., 2n = 18 are new determinations. Different numbers from those previously reported have been found for E. pulchellus Michx., 2n = 27, and E. strigosus (Muhl.) Willd., 2n = 36. Chromosome counts over a large area of their distribution have been made for E. annuus (L.) Pers., E. pulchellus Michx., E. philadelphicus L., and E. strigosus (Muhl.) Willd.

scholarly journals Chromosome number and meiotic behavior in several plant taxa from iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Seyed Ghaffari ◽  
Abbas Zare ◽  
Fereshteh Corom ◽  
Masoureh Sedaghati
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time ◽  
Accessory Chromosomes

Original meiotic or both meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers are reported for ten endemic and one non endemic species in nine vascular plant families from Iran. The chromosome numbers of Acantholimon schahrudicum, A. truncatum, Anthochlamys multinervis, Campanula perpusilla, Cousinia calcitrapa var. interrupta, Dorema ammoniacum, Euphorbia gedrosiaca, and Hyocyamus orthocarpus were determined for the first time. The chromosome counts for Astrodaucus persicus and Hedysarum criniferum agree with previous ones. The gametic chromosome numbers for Hedysarum criniferum and Allium stipitatum are reported here for the first time. The occurrence of accessory chromosomes are also reported for Acantholimon schahrudicum and Dorema ammoniacum, being the first records of B chromosomes in the genera Acantholimon and Dorema.

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers of some species of Pteris (Pteridaceae) in Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2118-2126
Author(s):  
TITIEN NGATINEM PRAPTOSUWIRYO ◽  
MUGI MUMPUNI
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Pteris Multifida

Praptosuwiryo TNg, Mumpuni M. 2018. Chromosome numbers of some species of Pteris (Pteridaceae) in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2118-2126. Pteris L. (Pteridaceae) is a large fern genus consisting of about 250 species which distributed predominantly in tropical and subtropical countries. The genus grows in a diversity of ecosystems, either terrestrially or lithophytically, although most species occur in the forest. A study of the cytology of Pteris in Java is being undertaken for the conceptual understanding of the interrelationships between various fern species in the Malesian region. This aims of our study are: (1) to observe somatic chromosome number of some species of Pteris in Java; (2) to determine the reproduction types of the observed species by counting the spore number per sporangium; (3) to discuss polyploidy in the species in relation to plant morphological variation across their geographical distribution. Chromosome counts for eight species are reported. Pteris biaurita is an apogamous diploid species (2n = 58). Pteris ensiformis var. ensiformis has chromosome numbers of 2n = 87 (apogamous triploid) and 2n = 116 (sexual tetraploid), while                 P. ensiformis var. victoriae has a chromosome number 2n = 58 and is a sexual diploid. Pteris fauriei is an apogamous triploid species (2n = 87). Pteris longipinnula has a chromosome number of 2n = 116 (tetraploid). Pteris multifida and P. vittata are sexual tetraploids (2n=116). Pteris tripartita has two ploidy levels (sexual diploid and tetraploid). Another currently unplaced Javanese Pteris sp. has 2n = 87 (apogamous triploid). Diploid P. biaurita, tetraploid P. ensiformis, triploid P. fauriei, diploid P. tripartita, and teraploid P. vittata are new record cytotypes for Central Java. Polyploidy in the genus in relation to plant morphological variation across its geographical range is discussed.

scholarly journals Genome Size Estimates and Chromosome Numbers of Callicarpa L. (Lamiaceae)

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan N. Contreras ◽  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Flow Cytometry Data ◽  
Carbol Fuchsin ◽  
Cross Compatibility ◽  
Size Estimates

Genome size estimates and chromosome number information can be useful for studying the evolution or taxonomy of a group and also can be useful for plant breeders in predicting cross-compatibility. Callicarpa L. is a group of ≈140 species with nearly worldwide distribution. There are no estimates of genome size in the literature and the information on chromosome numbers is limited. Genome size estimates based on flow cytometry are reported here for 16 accessions of Callicarpa comprising 14 species in addition to chromosome counts on six species. Chromosome counts were conducted by staining meristematic cells of roots tips using modified carbol fuchsin. Holoploid genome size estimates ranged from 1.34 pg to 3.48 pg with a mean of 1.74 pg. Two tetraploids (2n = 4x = 68; C. salicifolia P'ei & W. Z. Fang and C. macrophylla Vahl GEN09-0081) were identified based on holoploid genome size and confirmed by chromosome counts. There was little variation among species for monoploid genome size. 1Cx-values ranged from 0.67 pg to 0.88 pg with a mean of 0.77 pg. Chromosome counts for six species revealed a base chromosome number of x = 17. Callicarpa chejuensis Y. H. Chung & H. Kim, C. japonica Thunb. ‘Leucocarpa’, C. longissima Merr., and C. rubella Lindl. were confirmed as diploids (2n = 2x = 34). Cytology supported flow cytometry data that C. salicifolia and C. macrophylla GEN09-0081 were tetraploids. The two accessions of C. macrophylla included in the study were found to be of different ploidy levels. The presence of two ploidy levels among and within species indicates that polyploidization events have occurred in the genus.

The annual species of stinging nettle (Hesperocnide and Urtica) in North America

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 374-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Woodland ◽  
I.J. Bassett ◽  
C. W. Crompton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
The One ◽  
North America North

Descriptions (including those of pollen), distributional data, and chromosome counts are given for one species of Hesperocnide and three annual species of Urtica (stinging nettles) in North America north of Mexico: Hesperocnide tenella, Urtica chamaedryoides, U. gracilenta, and U. urens. Hesperocnide tenella has a chromosome number of 2n = 24 while all three Urtica spp. have the same chromosome number of 2n = 26. All reported chromosome numbers are new except the one for U. urens. A key which separates the taxa that are studied is provided and synonyms that are applied to the species are discussed.

Circaea × intermedia in eastern North America with particular reference to Ontario

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (23) ◽  
pp. 2919-2935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Haber
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

Circaea × intermedia Ehrh. in North America is an interspecific hybrid between C. alpina L. and C. lutetiana L. subsp. canadensis Aschers. & Magnus. In spite of the morphological differences that exist between the European and North American subspecies of C. lutetiana, hybrids from both continents are morphologically identical. Documentation of the intermediacy of the hybrid taxon is presented based on the evaluation of the means of 22 characters of specimens from an Ontario locality at which all three taxa are found.Diploid chromosome counts of 2n = 22 are reported for Ontario populations of the hybrid and parental species. The presence of irregular, somatic chromosome numbers are also reported for all three taxa.Distribution maps for all three taxa in eastern North America are included. In the case of C. lutetiana subsp. canadensis, the northern range is sharply delimited by the Precambrian–Paleozoic bedrock boundary.A table of character comparisons and a key to the three taxa summarizes the salient characteristics of the hybrid and the parental species in eastern North America.

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF SOME NORTH AMERICAN DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA)

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert William Cruden
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Leucorrhinia Frigida

Chromosome numbers for 111 species of North American Odonata are reported. In five species, Enallagma cyathigerum (Charp.), Ophiogomphus bison Sclys, Dorocordulia iibera (Selys), Epitheca cynosura (Say), and Leucorrhinia frigida Hagen, primary spermatocytes from single individuals had different chromosome numbers. This is presumed to arise from either fusion or "splitting" of chromosomes. Fusion in D. libera, E. cynosura and L. frigida results in reduction of chromosome number, and "splitting" in E. cyathigerum and O. bison gives higher chromosome numbers.The idea that high chromosome numbers in Odonata are primitive is rejected. An alternative hypothesis is proposed: that low numbers are primitive (or secondarily derived) and high numbers advanced.

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