In vitro production of struvite by Bacillus pumilus

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 978-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berlin Nelson ◽  
James Struble ◽  
Gregory McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Vitro Production

A strain of Bacillus pumilus, isolated from the soilborne sclerotia of a fungus, produced crystals of the mineral struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate) on Difco nutrient agar and a yeast extract agar containing magnesium sulphate and potassium phosphate. Crystals were macroscopically observed after 6–20 days of bacterial growth and reached a maximum size of 3 × 0.5 mm. Crystals were identified by X-ray powder diffractometry. These findings support the hypothesis that bacteria are involved in the biogenic formation of struvite in nature. Key words: struvite, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, Bacillus pumilus, biomineral.

The Influence of Disodium Ethane-1-Hydroxy-1,1-Diphosphonate (Ehdp) on the Development of Experimentally Induced Urinary Stones in Rats

1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fraser ◽  
R. G. G. Russell ◽  
Ortrun Pohler ◽  
W. G. Robertson ◽  
H. Fleisch
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Calculi

1. Bladder stones composed of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium oxalate mono- and di-hydrate and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) were successfully induced in rats by various dietary manipulations and by implanting zinc pellets in the bladder. 2. The effect of a diphosphonate, disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP), given in the drinking water at concentrations of 0·0025, 0·05 and 0·5% (w/v), on the size and composition of these stones was examined. 3. All the concentrations of EHDP decreased the weight of the calcium oxalate calculi. In contrast, only the highest concentration of EHDP inhibited calcium hydrogen phosphate stone formation and the magnesium ammonium phosphate stones were unaffected. 4. The difference between the effects on calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones is consistent with the finding that EHDP inhibited the precipitation of calcium oxalate from solution in vitro but had only a slight effect on magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation. 5. It is suggested that EHDP might be of use in the prevention of some types of urinary stones in man.

scholarly journals A diet with a struvite relative supersaturation less than 1 is effective in dissolving struvite stones in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S90-S92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen M. Houston ◽  
Heather E. Weese ◽  
Michelle D. Evason ◽  
Vincent Biourge ◽  
Ingrid van Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Test Diet ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Stone Dissolution ◽  
Struvite Stones

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) is one of the most common minerals found in feline uroliths. Previous studies have shown the efficacy of acidifying calculolytic diets (inducing urine pH < 6·5), in dissolving struvite stones in cats. Recent work in our laboratory found that wet and dry test diets induce a struvite urinary relative supersaturation (RSS) < 1 and that the urine of healthy cats fed the dry test diet dissolved feline struvite stones in vitro. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the efficacy of those test diets on naturally occurring struvite urocystoliths in cats. A total of twenty-one cats were used, of which seventeen completed the study. Of the seventeen cats, eight were fed the wet test diet and nine the dry test diet. Uroliths dissolved in a median of 18 (10–55) d. In the remaining four cats, uroliths failed to dissolve and were removed surgically. Quantitative analysis showed that these uroliths contained either calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. The present study demonstrates that diets that induce a struvite RSS < 1 result in struvite stone dissolution in vivo.

Studies on calcium and magnesium in the alimentary tract of sheep II. The effect of reducing the acidity of abomasal digesta in vitro on the distribution of calcium and magnesium

1961 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Storry
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

1. Increasing the pH of abomasal contents of the sheep in vitro reduced the concentrations of ultrafilterable calcium and magnesium due to the binding of these ions to suspended material in the digesta. In the presence of this material such binding prevented the precipitation of calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate which would otherwise have occurred about pH 6·0. Calcium and magnesium soap formation was eliminated as a possible factor contributing to the reduced concentrations of ultrafilterable calcium and magnesium.2. At saturation the binding capacity of the material was greater for calcium than magnesium. Although some of the binding sites were common to both ions calcium was more strongly bound. The bound and ultrafilterable forms of both elements were in equilibrium.3. The significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals Formation Mechanism of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Stones: A Component Analysis of Urinary Nanocrystallites

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xin-Yuan Sun ◽  
Jian-Ming Ouyang ◽  
Feng-Xin Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Fast Fourier Transformation ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Main Components

The components of urinary nanocrystallites in patients with magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) stones were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), fast Fourier transformation (FFT), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The main components of the stones were MAP hexahydrate (MAP·6H2O), magnesium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate (MgHPO4·3H2O), and a small amount of calcium phosphate (CaP), while the main components of urinary nanocrystallites were MgHPO4·3H2O, CaP, and MAP monohydrate (MAP·H2O). MAP·H2O induced the formation of MAP stones as seed crystals. MgHPO4·3H2O was accompanied by the appearance of MAP·6H2O. The formation mechanism of MAP stones and influencing factors were discussed on the basis of the components of urine nanocrystallites. A model diagram of MAP stone formation was also put forward based on the results. Formation of MAP stones was closely related to the presence of high amounts of MAP crystallites in urine. Urinary crystallite condition and changes in urine components could indicate the activity of stone diseases.

scholarly journals Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Composite Cell-Laden Hydrogel Promotes Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis In Vitro

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Guangzheng Yang ◽  
Mingliang Zhou ◽  
Xiangkai Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document