Investigation of the high-energy penetrating component of cosmic radiation at shallow depths underground with the Tien-Shan ionization calorimeter

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S328-S331
Author(s):  
A. D. Erlykin ◽  
A. K. Kulichenko
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Passive State ◽  
Muon Component ◽  
Ionization Calorimeter

With the Tien-Shan (3 340 m altitude) ionization calorimeter, the spectrum of ionization bursts has been investigated at a depth of 20 m.w.e. underground. The results obtained show that the characteristics of the penetrating component do not differ from those expected of the muon component; there is no evidence for the existence of the "baryon-passive" state, which has been suggested by Smorodin.

Checking of the hypothesis of the existence of the baryon passive state by calorimeter telescope and the energy spectrum of nuclear-active particles at mountain altitude

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S706-S708
Author(s):  
A. D. Erlykin ◽  
A. K. Kulichenko ◽  
S. K. Machavariani ◽  
R. A. Nam ◽  
S. I. Nikolsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Passive State ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Active Particles ◽  
Ionization Calorimeter

In the Tien-Shan underground ionization calorimeter situated at a depth of about 13 m below the big ionization calorimeter (BIC), a search was made for jets which could be the continuation of nuclear cascades arising in BIC. The results obtained are used to check the hypothesis of the existence of the baryon passive state. Preliminary results on the spectrum of nuclear-active particles are given.

Effect of the muon component of cosmic rays on the results of hadron experiments with the big ionization calorimeter (BIC) of the Tien Shan station

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Bogdanov ◽  
R. P. Kokoulin ◽  
A. A. Petrukhin ◽  
A. V. Shalabaeva ◽  
V. I. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Muon Component ◽  
Ionization Calorimeter

The HERO project for the study of high-energy primary cosmic radiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
D. M. Podorozhnyi ◽  
E. V. Atkin ◽  
L. S. Burylov ◽  
A. G. Voronin ◽  
N. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Primary Cosmic Radiation

Detectors for cosmic particles, neutrinos and exotic matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 655-710
Author(s):  
Hermann Kolanoski ◽  
Norbert Wermes
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Astroparticle Physics ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Origin

Astroparticle physics deals with the investigation of cosmic radiation using similar detection methods as in particle physics, however, mostly with quite different detector arrangements. In this chapter the detection principles for the different radiation types with cosmic origin are presented, this includes charged particles, gamma radiation, neutrinos and possibly existing Dark Matter. In the case of neutrinos also experiments at accelerators and reactors are included. Examples, which are typical for the different areas, are given for detectors and their properties. For cosmic ray detection apparatuses are deployed above the atmosphere with balloons or satellites or on the ground using the atmosphere as calorimeter in which high-energy cosmic rays develop showers or in underground areas including in water and ice.

scholarly journals Calculation of the TeV prompt muon component in very high energy cosmic ray showers

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
G BATTISTONI ◽  
C BLOISE ◽  
C FORTI ◽  
M GRECO ◽  
J RANFT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Muon Component ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals The annihilation of fast positrons by electrons in the K-shell

1934 ◽  
Vol 146 (859) ◽  
pp. 723-736 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Charge ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Photoelectric Effect ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Quantum Process ◽  
High Energies

The probability of the simultaneous of a positron and an electron, with the emission of two quanta of radiation, has been calculated by Dirac and several other authors. From considerations of energy and momentum it follows that an electron and positron can only annihilate one another with the emission of one quantum of radiation in the presence of a third body. An electron bound in an atom could, therefore, annihilate a positron, represented by a hole on the Dirac theory, by jumping into a state of negative energy which happens to be free, the nucleus taking up the extra momentum. The process is now mathematically analogous to the photoelectric transitions to states of negative energy in the sense that the matrix elements concerned are the same, and we might expect that the effect would be most important for the electrons in the K-shell. Fermi and Uhlenbeck have calculated the process approximately, for the condition where the kinetic energy of the positron is of the order of magnitude of the ionization energy of the K-shell. The result they obtained was very small compared with the two quantum process, which is to be explained by the fact that for these small energies, the positron does not get near the nucleus. In view of the fact that positrons of energies of the order 100 mc 2 occur in considerable quantities in the showers produced by cosmic radiation, and that the primary cosmic radiation itself may consist, in part, of positrons, it becomes of interest to calculate the cross-section for the annihilation of positrons of high energy by electrons in the K-shell, and their absorption in matter, and also to compare this process with the two quantum process for high energies. In the photoelectric effect for hard γ -rays, the electron the electron leaves the atom in states of different angular momentum (described by the azimuthal quantum number l ), and the terms which give the largest contribution are roughly those for which l is of the order of the energy of the γ -ray in terms of mc 2 . For high energies, therefore, a calculation by the method of Hulme, in which the last step is carried out numerically, is out of the question, and we must find some approximate method of effecting a summation. We shall use an adaptation of Sauter's method, in which we shall treat as small the product of the fine structure constant and the nuclear charge. This method may be expected to give a good approximation for small nuclear charge. Our method has the further restriction that it is valid only when the kinetic energy of the positron is not small compared with mc 2 .

High-Energy Electromagnetic Phenomena in Cosmic Radiation

1955 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koshiba ◽  
M. F. Kaplon
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
High Energy

The Absorption Mean Free Path of the High-Energy Nucleonic Component of Cosmic Radiation

1953 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1573-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Kaplon ◽  
J. Z. Klose ◽  
D. M. Ritson ◽  
W. D. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Free Path ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nucleonic Component

Cosmic radiation and high energy interactions

1966 ◽  
Vol 281 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-350
Author(s):  
Ricardo A.R. Palmeira
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
High Energy
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