Nd L-shell x-ray emission induced by light ions

The L-shell x ray of Nd has been obtained for 300 - 600 keV He2 + ions impacting, and compared with that produced by H+ and H2 + ions. The threshold of projectile kinetic energy for L-shell ionization of Nd is crudely verified in the energy region of about 300 - 400 keV. It is found that the energy of the distinct L-subshell x rays has a blue shift. The relative intensity ratios of Lβ1, 3, 4 and Lβ2, 15 to Lα1, 2 x-ray are enlarged compared to the atomic data, and they decrease with the increase of incident energy, and increase with increasing effective nuclear charge of the incident ions. That is interpreted by the multiple ionization of outer-shells induced by light ions.

Nuclear Structure Evolution Reflected from Local Relations

The structure evolution of nuclei which are in connection with symmetry breaking is one of the important problems not only for nuclear structures, but also for astrophysics and the spectroscopy of exotic nuclei. Many physical quantities can provide useful information of a shell structure, such as nuclear masses and nuclear charge radii. This paper introduces three kinds of local relations, i.e., the NpNn scheme respectively for the quadrupole deformation parameter and the excitation energy of the first 2+, 4+, 6+ states, the (αN′n+N′p) relation for nuclear charge radii and α decay energies, and the so-called “nonpairing” relation for binding energies and nuclear charge radii. All these relations reflect the evolution of nuclear structures, involving shells, subshells, shape coexistence, phase transition and the Wigner effect. Some results from different models can be verified with each other.

Periodic Table of the Elements, History, Education and Evaluation

The periodic tables of transition metal thiophosphates MPS3, transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 and other materials, the origin of chemical elements and toxic trace elements in dried mushrooms are provided. The effective nucleus-electron attraction is proportional to the effective nuclear charge (Zeff) and inversely proportional to the effective principal quantum number (n*). The periodic arch is one of many modern visual displays that have been developed to augment the traditional periodic table of the chemical elements. The table is related with the multiparameter optimisation of N atom, nuclear magnetic resonance and everyday life. Educational activities are developed with evaluation.

Measurement of cross-sections for charge pickup by 12C on elemental targets at 290MeV/n

The nuclear charge pickup cross-sections of [Formula: see text]C on CH2, C, Al, Cu and Pb targets at the highest energy of 288[Formula: see text]MeV/n were investigated using CR-39 nuclear track detector. The cross-section for H was calculated from those measured on C and CH2 targets. The dependence of charge pickup cross-section on target mass was investigated. It was found that the nuclear charge pickup cross-section of [Formula: see text]C at our studied beam energies seems to exponentially depend on the target mass with the fitting exponent [Formula: see text], which can be well explained by the peripheral and the surface collisions of the nuclear charge pickup reactions.

STUDIES OF PHOTOIONIZATION PROCESSES OF NITROGEN-LIKE O+ION USINGTHE SCREENING CONSTANT BY UNIT NUCLEAR CHARGEMETHOD

In this present work, we have calculated the energies positions of the 2s22p2(1D)nd2P, 2s22p2(1D)nd2S, 2s22p2(1D)ns 2D, 2s22p2(1S)nd2D and 2s2p3(3P)np2D Rydberg series in the photoionization spectra from the 2P° metastable state of the O+ ion. Calculations were performed up to n = 40 applyingthe Screening Constant by Unit Nuclear Charge (SCUNC) via its semi empirical formalism. The quantum defect and the effective charge are also calculated.The results agree within 98% to Aguilars experimental data, and with Sows theoretical results to within 99%. These data can be a useful guideline for future experimental and theoretical studies.

Propagatory dynamics of nucleus-acoustic waves excited in gyrogravitating degenerate quantum plasmas electrostatically confined in curved geometry

A theoretic model to investigate the dynamics of the longitudinal nucleus-acoustic waves (NAWs) in gyrogravitating electrostatically confined degenerate quantum plasma (DQP) system in spherically symmetric geometry is constructed. The model setup consists of non-degenerate heavy nuclear species (HNS), lighter nuclear species (LNS), and quantum degenerate electronic species (DES). It specifically considers the influences of the Bohm potential, Coriolis rotation, viscoelasticity, and electrostatic confinement pressure (ECP, scaling quadratically in density). A standard normal spherical mode analysis gives a generalized dispersion relation (septic). It highlights the dependency of various atypical instability response on the equilibrium plasma parameters. A numerical illustrative platform portrays that the relative nuclear charge-to-mass coupling parameter ($$\beta$$ β ) acts as a destabilizing agency and the heavy-to-light nuclear charge density ratio ($$\mu$$ μ ) acts as a stabilizing agency in both the non-relativistic (NR) and ultra-relativistic (UR) limits. Another interesting conjuncture is that the Coriolis rotation introduces a destabilizing influence on the system in both the limits. The progressive analysis presented herein has correlations and consistencies in the dynamic growth backdrop of various compact astro objects and their circumvent atmospheres, such as white dwarfs, neutron stars, etc.

Laser spectroscopy of light muonic atoms and the nuclear charge radii

The energy levels of hydrogen-like atomic systems are shifted slightly by the complex structure of the nucleus, in particular by the finite size of the nucleus. These energy shifts are vastly magnified in muonic atoms and ions, i.e. the hydrogen-like systems formed by a negative muon and a nucleus. By measuring the 2S-2P energy splitting in muonic hydrogen, muonic deuterium and muonic helium, we have been able to deduce the p, d, ^33He and ^44He nuclear charge radii to an unprecedented accuracy. These radii provide benchmarks for hadron and nuclear theories, lead to precision tests of bound-state QED in regular atoms and to a better determination of the Rydberg constant.