Including precision clocks into space-based net as gravitational antennas

Here we propose to use a precision clock in a space-based ultra-precise clock network to register sources of low-frequency gravitational waves of cosmic origin in the range of 10-3 ÷ 0.1 Hz. We also show that the method of comparing clocks at inland and intercontinental distances (very long baseline interferometry), originally developed for radio astronomy and geodesy, can be used as a prototype method for recording gravitational waves. Estimates of the measurement accuracy are given. An analyse of precise clocks possibilities for experimental estimates for rotation parameter of Gödel universe and GW recordings is offered, which in particular opens up the prospect of registering circularly polarized gravitational waves. Some new problems of small time intervals registration from general relativity, thermodynamics and quantum mechanics points of view are discussed.

Exascale models of stellar explosions: Quintessential multi-physics simulation

The ExaStar project aims to deliver an efficient, versatile, and portable software ecosystem for multi-physics astrophysics simulations run on exascale machines. The code suite is a component-based multi-physics toolkit, built on the capabilities of current simulation codes (in particular Flash-X and Castro), and based on the massively parallel adaptive mesh refinement framework AMReX. It includes modules for hydrodynamics, advanced radiation transport, thermonuclear kinetics, and nuclear microphysics. The code will reach exascale efficiency by building upon current multi- and many-core packages integrated into an orchestration system that uses a combination of configuration tools, code translators, and a domain-specific asynchronous runtime to manage performance across a range of platform architectures. The target science includes multi-physics simulations of astrophysical explosions (such as supernovae and neutron star mergers) to understand the cosmic origin of the elements and the fundamental physics of matter and neutrinos under extreme conditions.

Solar Cycle, Maunder Minimum and Pandemic Influenza

We explore the idea that influenza pandemics may arise from the transference of new virions (new sub-types of the influenza virus) of cosmic origin in general accord with the theory of cometary panspermia. Such a transfer process will be modulated by the sunspot cycle and through its role in affecting the interplanetary magnetic field configurations in the Earth’s vicinity. Transfers of virus could take place directly from comets or indirectly from a transient repository represented for instance by the Kordylewski if dust clouds at the L4 and L5 Lagrange libration points of the Earth-Moon system. In either case an active sun appears to be a perequisite for effective transfers. The long remission of influenza pandemics throughout the period 1645-1715, during the Maunder sunspot minimum, might be understood on the basis of our model.

Solar Cycle, Maunder Minimum and Pandemic Influenza

We explore the idea that influenza pandemics may arise from the transference of new virions (new sub-types of the influenza virus) of cosmic origin in general accord with the theory of cometary panspermia. Such a transfer process will be modulated by the sunspot cycle and through its role in affecting the interplanetary magnetic field configurations in the Earth’s vicinity. Transfers of virus could take place directly from comets or indirectly from a transient repository represented for instance by the Kordylewski if dust clouds at the L4 and L5 Lagrange libration points of the Earth-Moon system. In either case an active sun appears to be a perequisite for effective transfers. The long remission of influenza pandemics throughout the period 1645-1715, during the Maunder sunspot minimum, might be understood on the basis of our model.

Crimean observations of the magnetic Sun: 1967–2018

The magnetic field measurements of the Sun as a star initiated by academician A.B. Severny have been supported by six other observatories. The history of such investigations at CrAO and the basic results are briefly described. The synodic spin period of the gravitating solar mass P⊙ = 27.027(6) days is determined; the latter is shown to be linked to the Earth’s motion: the Sun makes 27 semi-revolutions over one terrestrial year, and the Earth – the same number of its revolutions with the period PD during one full solar rotation. The field changes with the Hale cycle PH ≈ 22 years and the cycle P7 = 7 years, whereas their ratio coincides with the Archimedes approximation, 22:7, for the π number, the timescale (π - 3)P7 = P⊙2/2PD – with the Earth’s orbital period. We provide arguments in favour of the cosmic origin of both cycles and holographic expressions, including PH, P7, π, and universal constants.

Phenomenological Effects of CPT and Lorentz Invariance Violation in Particle and Astroparticle Physics

It is well known that a fundamental theorem of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) set in flat spacetime ensures the CPT invariance of the theory. This symmetry is strictly connected to the Lorentz covariance, and consequently to the fundamental structure of spacetime. Therefore it may be interesting to investigate the possibility of departure from this fundamental symmetry, since it can furnish a window to observe possible effects of a more fundamental quantum gravity theory in a “lower energy limit”. Moreover, in the past, the inquiry of symmetry violations provided a starting point for new physics discoveries. A useful physical framework for this kind of search is provided by astroparticle physics, thanks to the high energy involved and to the long path travelled by particles accelerated by an astrophysical object and then revealed on Earth. Astrophysical messengers are therefore very important probes for investigating this sector, involving high energy photons, charged particles, and neutrinos of cosmic origin. In addition, one can also study artificial neutrino beams, investigated at accelerator experiments. Here we discuss the state of art for all these topics and some interesting new proposals, both from a theoretical and phenomenological point of view.