Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
P K Robertson ◽  
CE (Fear) Wride
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Research Workshop

Soil liquefaction is a major concern for structures constructed with or on sandy soils. This paper describes the phenomena of soil liquefaction, reviews suitable definitions, and provides an update on methods to evaluate cyclic liquefaction using the cone penetration test (CPT). A method is described to estimate grain characteristics directly from the CPT and to incorporate this into one of the methods for evaluating resistance to cyclic loading. A worked example is also provided, illustrating how the continuous nature of the CPT can provide a good evaluation of cyclic liquefaction potential, on an overall profile basis. This paper forms part of the final submission by the authors to the proceedings of the 1996 National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research workshop on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils.Key words: cyclic liquefaction, sandy soils, cone penetration test

Appraising cone penetration test based liquefaction resistance evaluation methods: artificial neural network approach

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hsein Juang ◽  
Caroline Jinxia Chen ◽  
Yong-Ming Tien
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Artificial Neural

This paper evaluates and compares two comprehensive cone penetration test (CPT) based methods for evaluating liquefaction resistance of sandy soils. The comparison is made based on the results obtained from artificial neural network (ANN) analyses. Two methods are compared, one by Olsen and his colleagues at the Waterways Experiment Station and one by Robertson and his colleagues at the University of Alberta. ANN models are created to approximate the two CPT-based methods so that they can easily be compared using a large database. The results show that ANN models can approximate both Robertson and Olsen methods well, and that both methods are fairly accurate in predicting liquefaction resistance. The Robertson method has a success rate of 89% in predicting liquefied cases, a success rate of 76% in predicting nonliquefied cases, and an overall success rate of 84%. The success rates for the Olsen method are 68%, 89%, and 77%, respectively, in predicting liquefied cases, nonliquefied cases, and all cases. Both methods are considered accurate in predicting liquefaction resistance of sandy soils. The Robertson method is slightly more accurate than the Olsen method. The issue of the propagation of potential uncertainties in the soil parameters and solution model is also discussed.

scholarly journals Probabilistic version of the Robertson and Wride method for liquefaction evaluation: development and application

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Sheng Ku ◽  
C. Hsein Juang ◽  
Chi-Wen Chang ◽  
Jianye Ching
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Probabilistic Version

The Robertson and Wride method is the most widely used cone penetration test (CPT)-based method for soil liquefaction evaluation. This method is a deterministic model, which expresses liquefaction potential in terms of factor of safety. On many occasions, there is a need to express the liquefaction potential in terms of liquefaction probability. Although several probabilistic models are available in the literature, there is an advantage having a probabilistic version of the Robertson and Wride method so that the engineer who prefers to use this method can obtain additional information of liquefaction probability with minimal extra effort. In this paper, a simple model is developed, which links the factor of safety determined by the Robertson and Wride method to the liquefaction probability. The model, referred to as the probabilistic RW model, is developed, and verified, in a mathematically rigorous manner. Simplified equations for assessing the variation of liquefaction probability caused by the uncertainty in input parameters are also developed. Example applications are presented to demonstrate the developed models.

A Neural Network Model for Evaluating Gravel Liquefaction Using Dynamic Penetration Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2620-2623
Author(s):  
Qing Xu ◽  
Fei Kang ◽  
Jun Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Gravelly Soil ◽  
Gravelly Soils ◽  
Dynamic Penetration

Evaluation of liquefaction potential of soils is important in geotechnical earthquake engineering. Significant phenomena of gravelly soil liquefaction were reported in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Thus, further studies on the liquefaction potential of gravelly soil are needed. This paper investigates the potential of artificial neural networks-based approach to assess the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils form field data of dynamic penetration test. The success rates for occurrence and non-occurrence of liquefaction cases both are 100%. The study suggests that neural networks can successfully model the complex relationship between seismic parameters, soil parameters, and the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils.

scholarly journals Estimating an empirical equation connecting subgrade reaction modulus with cone penetration test for sandy soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 001-008
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Ahmed Bohagr ◽  
Ghassan Ahmed El gehani ◽  
Mohammed Mahmoud Boudejaja ◽  
Mustafa M Amami
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Shape Effect ◽  
Subgrade Reaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Reaction Coefficient ◽  
Tip Resistance ◽  
Load Tests

In geotechnical engineering, the coefficient of subgrade reaction is regarded as one of the most important parameters used for describing the interaction of soil and structure as well as describing some soil characteristics, subgrade reaction coefficient can be calculated theoretically using many different formulas, laboratory via specific well-known tests, and in site through field plate loading test. On the other hand, the cone penetration test is one of the most frequently used field tests to investigate the soil. The lately carried out researches showed a good relation between the subgrade coefficient and the tip resistance collected from the CPT, but the results obtained from the proposed method are still doubtable. In this paper, fifteen plate load tests and thirty CPTs, already collected for private site investigation project, have been used for finding the best fit equation connecting the subgrade reaction coefficient Ks with the tip resistance qc. The finds of the established equation have been compared extensively with those of other well-known related equations. The results show the ability of the concluded equation to get Ks results in the acceptable range of sandy soils. However, the depth and shape effect on the suggested formula need further investigations since all the plate load tests in this project have been carried out on the soil surface with a 45 cm diameter circular plate.

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