The photochemical reactivity of some benzoylthiophenes. IV. The effect of an adjacent methyl group on the excited state reactivity of 3-benzoylthiophene

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (15) ◽  
pp. 1970-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Arnold ◽  
C. P. Hadjiantoniou
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Thiophene Ring ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Photochemical Reactivity ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
State Diagrams ◽  
Phosphorescence Emission ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen

The electronic absorption and phosphorescence emission spectra and the photochemical reactivity of several methyl-3-benzoylthiophenes (2- and 4-methyl-3-benzoylthiophene (1, 2), 2,5-dimethyl-3-benzoylthiophene (3), and 3-(2-methylbenzoyl)thiophene (4)) have been studied. Partial state diagrams have been constructed. The lowest energy absorption in hexane solution in every case is the carbonyl n → π* transition. The two lowest triplet states of these ketones are close in energy and, in fact, the nature of the emitting triplet (n,π* or π,π*) depends upon the position of methyl substitution and upon the solvent. The photochemical reactions studied include intramolecular hydrogen abstraction (revealed by deuterium exchange in the adjacent methyl group upon irradiation in perdeuteriomethanol solution), photocycloaddition of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to the thiophene ring, and photocycloaddition of isobutylene to the carbonyl group. Generalizations, potentially useful for predicting photochemical reactivity of these and other aromatic ketones are summarized.

scholarly journals The Photochemical Reactivity of Some Benzoylthiophenes. III. The Effect of an Adjacent Methyl Group on the Excited State Reactivity of 2-Benzoylthiophene

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Arnold ◽  
B. M. Clarke Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Carbonyl Group ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorption ◽  
Photochemical Reactivity ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Partial Energy ◽  
Phosphorescence Emission ◽  
Π State

The ultraviolet absorption and phosphorescence emission spectra of 2-(2-methylbenzoyl) thiophene (1), 2-benzoyl-3-methylthiophene (2), 2-benzoyl-4-methylthiophene (3), and 2-benzoyl-5-methylthiophene (4) are reported and analyzed. Partial energy diagrams are constructed. The lowest triplet is assigned as a π,π* state of the 2-thienoyl chromophore in every case. Photocycloaddition of isobutylene to the carbonyl group was observed with 1 and 2. The oxetanes are thermally unstable; olefins 1-(2-thienyl)-1-(2-methylphenyl)-2-methylpropene (from 1) and 1-phenyl-1-(2-(3-methylthienyl))-2-methylpropene (from 2) were formed and characterized. Irradiation of 1 and 2 in O-deuteromethanol did not lead to incorporation of deuterium; no reaction was observed. These results are discussed in terms of the existing generalizations potentially useful for predicting photochemical reactivity.

Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Some Fluorescent Derivatives of Vitamin B1

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Singlet And Triplet States ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Fluorescent Derivatives

Absorption and emission spectra, depopulation kinetics of the lowest excited singlet and triplet states and acid-base equilibria of two fluorescent vitamin B, derivatives, the products I and II of the reaction of N-methylated vitamine B, with cytidine and adenosine, respectively, were investigated. Analysis of the lifetime and quantum yield data indicate that at 77 K emissions are the main processes of deactivation of the S1 and T1 states for the free ion and protonated forms. The pKa values indicate a much higher acidity in the excited singlet and triplet states than in the ground state. I and II undergo very slow photochemical reactions in solution in the presence of oxygen (Φ ~ 10-4).

Modification of photochemical reactivity through the use of clathrates: the Norrish type I and type II reactions in Dianin's compound

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2719-2725 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Goswami ◽  
Paul de Mayo ◽  
N. Ramnath ◽  
G. Bernard ◽  
N. Omkaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Photochemical Reactivity ◽  
Norrish Type ◽  
Restricted Environment ◽  
Dianin's Compound

Dianin's compound (4-p-hydroxyphenyl-2,2,4-trimethylchroman) serves as host in a series of well-defined clathrate inclusion complexes with eleven linear, as well as branched chain, phenyl alkyl ketone guest molecules, chosen for their ability to undergo the Norrish type I and type II photochemical reactions in solution. The photochemical reactivity of the guest ketones within the clathrate cavity was determined by irradiation of the inclusion complexes in the solid state. The results were compared to the photoreactivity of the ketones in polar as well as nonpolar liquid media. In general, the inclusion complex medium brings about an enhancement of type I over type II reactivity and causes an increase in type II fragmentation compared to type II cyclization. This change in reactivity is interpreted as resulting from the relatively restricted environment of the clathrate cavity coupled with the greater motion required for the type II process (γ-hydrogen abstraction) compared to the type I reaction (α-cleavage), as well as from the greater steric requirements for type II cyclization (cyclobutanol formation) as compared to type II cleavage (1,4-hydroxybiradical scission).

Photolysereaktionen mit Komplexen des Typs CpFe(CO)2R (R = Me, Et, Ph)+ / Photolytic Reactions with Complexes of the Type CpFe(CO)2R (R = Me, Et, Ph)+

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Alt ◽  
M. Herberhold ◽  
B. H. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents ◽  
Photoinduced Reaction ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
C Nmr

Photolysis of CpFe(CO)2R complexes [R = Me (1a), Et (1b), Ph (1c)] in hydrocarbon solvents results in loss of the group R and formation of the binuclear compound [CpFe(CO)2]2 (2). In the case of 1a, the photogenerated methyl group reacts to give methane by intramolecular hydrogen abstraction from the Cp ring, or by intermolecular hydrogen abstraction either from the solvent or another methyl group. The photoinduced dealkylation of the ethyl compound 1b is explained by β-elimination (to give ethylene) and subsequent reaction of the hydrido intermediates thus formed with unchanged 1b (to give ethane). The photolysis of 1c leads to phenyl groups which abstract hydrogen from the solvent to give benzene; a noticeable amount of diphenyl is also observed if benzene is used as a solvent.In the presence of potential two-electron ligands L [L = PMe3, P(OMe)3], only the carbonyl groups of CpFe(CO)2Me (1a) are photolabile, and substituted derivatives of the type CpFe(CO)(L)Me [L = PMe3 (3a), P(OMe)3 (4a)] and CpFe(L)2Me [L = P(OMe)3 (5a)] are formed.The photoinduced reaction of CpFe(CO)2Me (1a) and diphenylacetylene in solution gives metallocyclic derivatives containing either one or two diphenylacetylene units. On the basis of the IR, the 1H and 13C NMR, and the mass spectra, the complex CpFe(CO)(Ph2C2-COMe) (6a) is assigned a structure containing a vinyl-ketone unit in a five-membered metallocycle, while in CpFe(Ph4C4-COMe) (7a) a tetraphenylbutadienyl group appears to be incorporated into a seven-membered metallocycle

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document