Single drop square wave polarography

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (24) ◽  
pp. 3326-3333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Ramaley ◽  
Wee Tee Tan
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Average Current ◽  
The Times ◽  
Good Agreement

The theory of square wave voltammetry for reversible electrode reactions is expanded to include average currents and currents flowing to a growing drop (single drop square wave polarography) using an expanding plane model. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment was found for the reduction of Fe(III), good agreement for the reduction of Cd(II). The expanding plane model proved superior, but not greatly superior to the simpler theory. For the case of average current the effect on the polarogram of the times at which integration is started and stopped is discussed. Integration decreases sensitivity but increases signal-to-noise ratio. The conditions for maximum analytical usefulness are presented.

Isopotential points in square-wave voltammetry of reversible electrode reactions

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Zelić ◽  
Milivoj Lovrić
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Electron Transfer Processes ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
First Time

Isopotential points in square-wave voltammetry are described for the first time. Model calculations and real measurements (performed with UO22+ and Eu3+ in perchlorate and bromide solutions, respectively) indicate that such an intersection could be observed when backward components of the net response, resulting from an increase in frequency or reactant concentration, are presented together. The electrode reaction should be fully reversible because quasireversible or slower electron transfer processes give the isopoints only at increasing reactant concentrations but not at increasing square-wave frequencies. The effect could be used as an additional diagnostic criterion for recognition of reversible electrode reactions where products remain dissolved in the electrolyte solution.

Cyclic single drop square wave polarography at spherical electrodes — the reversible case

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Ramaley ◽  
Wee Tee Tan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Simple Theory ◽  
Forward Peak ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Peak Potential ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Plane Theory ◽  
Best Fit

The influence of electrode sphericity and the results of sweep reversal are examined for square wave voltammetry and the square wave polarography in which an entire polarogram is obtained on a single drop. An expanding sphere treatment obtained by adding a spherical correction to expanding plane theory gives the best fit to the experimental data. Amalgam forming reactions fit the simple theory developed to a lesser extent than other reactions, especially on the reverse sweep. The shape of the differential polarogram is not significantly affected by sphericity and the reverse peak potential is approximately equal to the forward peak potential. Small differences in these potentials are due to the distortion of the square wave by the stairstep used for the sweep and the distortion of the polarogram due to drop growth. The ratio of the forward and reverse peak currents depends on the phasing of the square wave and stairstep in all cases and on other parameters for a growing drop.

scholarly journals Characterizing electrode reactions by multisampling the current in square-wave voltammetry

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Mirceski ◽  
Dariusz Guziejewski ◽  
Monika Bozem ◽  
Ivan Bogeski
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Wave Voltammetry

scholarly journals Interaction study of moxifloxacin with Cu(II) ion using square-wave voltammetry and its application in the determination in tablets

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. G. Trindade ◽  
P. A. C. Cunha ◽  
T. A. de Araújo ◽  
G. M. da Silva ◽  
V. S. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Interaction Study ◽  
Accumulation Time ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Electroanalytical Method ◽  
Limit Detection ◽  
Good Agreement

This work presents an electroanalytical method for the determination of moxifloxacin (MOXI) in tablets by its interaction with Cu(II) ion and subsequent electrochemical reduction at hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). A well-defined reduction peak at -0.21 V vs. Ag/AgCl in Phosphate buffer 0.04 mol L-1 pH 8.0 was observed for the complex reduction MOXI-Cu(II), using square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Using a 10 s of accumulation time at -0.40 V was found a limit detection of 3.60x10-8 mol l-1. The obtained results have shown good agreement with those obtained by spectrophotometric method.

scholarly journals Simulation of square wave voltammetry of three electrode reactions coupled by two reversible chemical reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Milivoj Lovrić
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Wave Voltammetry

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-GB">Three fast and reversible electrode reactions that are connected by two reversible chemical reactions that are permanently in the equilibrium are analysed theoretically for square wave voltammetry. The dependence of peak potentials on the dimensionless equilibrium constants of chemical reactions is calculated. The influence of the basic thermodynamic parameters on the square wave voltammetric responses is analysed.</span></p>

Cyclic square wave voltammetry of electrode reactions with nonunity stoichiometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 114421
Author(s):  
Eduardo Laborda ◽  
José María Gómez-Gil ◽  
Manuela López-Tenés ◽  
Angela Molina
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Wave Voltammetry

Square Wave Voltammetric Determination of Trace Amounts of Europium(III) at Montmorillonite-Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1590-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Ji ◽  
Shengshui hu
Keyword(s):  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Chemically Modified Electrode ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Carbon Paste Electrodes ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Paste Electrode ◽  
Good Agreement

A carbon paste electrode modified with montmorillonite for the determination of Eu(III) was developed. This chemically modified electrode exhibits strong and stable electroactivity for Eu(III). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) of Eu(III) was evaluated with respect to the quantity of modifier, pH of electrolyte solution, accumulation potential and time. The stripping peak currents increase linearly with concentrations of Eu(III) from 1.0 × 10-7 to 2.0 × 10-5 mol l-1. The detection limit is estimated to be 4 × 10-8 mol l-1 (S/N = 3). The recommended method has been applied to the quantitation of Eu(III) in stream sediment samples; the results obtained by the SWV approach are in good agreement with reference values.

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