General (Biolog GN) versus site-relevant (pollutant-dependent) sole-carbon-source utilization patterns as a means to approaching community functioning

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 913-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra M Becker ◽  
Ulrich Stottmeister
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Community Functioning ◽  
Biolog System ◽  
Utilization Patterns ◽  
Biolog Gn ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sole Carbon Source Utilization

Biolog community-level sole-carbon-source utilization patterns are widely applied to distinguish between the microbiota of different habitats or reveal disturbances in microbial ecosystems. Our objective was to examine whether the metabolic diversity measured in the Biolog system could be related to community functioning, thus providing more information than being merely discriminative for communities. To answer this question, we compared the percentages of specific pollutant utilizers with the percentages of the degraders of distinct general (Biolog) substrates in arbitrary samples of isolates, employing in both cases the isolate sample assay (ISA). Samples for arbitrarily selected isolates were taken from in situ enclosures situated in the anaerobic lignite-carbonization effluent Lake Schwelvollert (district of Weißenfels, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). A different aerobic-carbonization wastewater treatment was carried out in each of the in situ enclosures. It was shown that distinct arbitrarily compiled isolate samples, which displayed similar functional patterns in terms of the degradation of pollutant-related compounds, exhibited significantly different general metabolic capacities as measured using Biolog kits. The similar pollutant-degradation potentials of the arbitrary isolates indicated that the site's substrate supply plays an important role in deciding which bacteria can become indigenous, seemingly leaving room for the otherwise varying properties of the individual community members.Key words: lignite-carbonization wastewater, ISA (isolate sample assay), sole-carbon-source utilization, Biolog, community functioning.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in the Rhizosphere of the Chrysanthemum via Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Substrate Utilization Patterns

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 4950-4957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette M. Duineveld ◽  
Alexandre S. Rosado ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas ◽  
Johannes A. van Veen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sole Carbon Source Utilization

ABSTRACT In order to gain a better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of bacterial communities of the rhizosphere of the chrysanthemum, two complementary methods were used: a molecular bacterial community profiling method, i.e., 16S rRNA gene-based PCR followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and an agar plate method in which 11 sole-carbon-source utilization tests were used. The DGGE patterns showed that the bacterial communities as determined from direct rhizosphere DNA extracts were largely stable along developing roots of the chrysanthemum, with very little change over time or between root parts of different ages. The patterns were also similar to those produced with DNA extracts obtained from bulk soil samples. The DGGE patterns obtained by using microbial colonies from dilution plates as the source of target DNA were different from those found with the direct DNA extracts. Moreover, these patterns showed differences among plant replicates but also among replicate plates. Results obtained with the sole-carbon-source utilization tests indicated that the metabolic profile of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of the root tip did not change substantially during plant growth. This suggests selective development of specific bacterial populations by the presence of a root tip. On the other hand, the metabolic profile of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of the root base changed during plant growth. With eight sole-carbon-source utilization tests, a significant effect of the development stage of the plant on the number of bacteria which were able to grow on these carbon sources was observed.

Analysis of fungal communities by sole carbon source utilization profiles

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Buyer ◽  
Daniel P Roberts ◽  
Patricia Millner ◽  
Estelle Russek-Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Sole Carbon Source Utilization

scholarly journals Attached and Unattached Microbial Communities in a Simulated Basalt Aquifer under Fracture- and Porous-Flow Conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 2799-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Lehman ◽  
Frederick S. Colwell ◽  
Greg A. Bala
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Packed Columns ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Geologic Medium ◽  
Utilization Patterns

ABSTRACT Bench scale column studies were used to examine the partitioning of microorganisms between groundwater and a geologic medium and to examine the effect of hydrogeology (i.e., porous- versus fracture-flow) on organism partitioning. Replicated columns were constructed with intact basalt core segments that contained natural fractures and with the same basalt crushed into particles. The columns were perfused with groundwater, and upon reaching a steady state, the columns were sacrificed and the attached and unattached communities were analyzed by multiple approaches. The analyses included the total number of cells, the phylogenetic affiliation of the cells (i.e., the α, β, and γ subclasses of the class Proteobacteria and gram positives with high G+C DNA content) by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), number and taxonomic affiliation by fatty acid methyl ester profiles of culturable heterotrophs, most-probable-number estimates of methanotrophs and phenol oxidizers, and whole-community sole carbon source utilization patterns from Biolog GN microplates. In the packed columns, about 99% of the total biomass (per cubic centimeter of porous medium) was attached to the geologic medium. Lack of equitable units precluded a comparison of attached and unattached biomasses in the fractured columns where the attached biomass was expressed per unit of surface area. Compositional differences in the attached and unattached communities were evidenced by (i) the recovery ofPseudomonas stutzeri, an Enterococcus sp., andBacillus psychrophilus from the groundwater and not from the basalt, (ii) differences between community carbon source utilization patterns, and (iii) the relative abundances of different phylogenetic groups estimated by FISH in both column types. In the packed columns, attached communities were depleted of members of the α- and β-Proteobacteria subclasses in comparison to those in the corresponding groundwater. In the fractured columns, attached communities were enriched in gram-positive Bacteriaand γ-Proteobacteria and depleted of β-Proteobacteria, in comparison to those in the corresponding groundwater. Segregation of populations and their activities, possibly modified by attachment to geologic media, may influence contaminant fate and transport in the subsurface and impact other in situ applications.

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