Population structure and stock identification of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from British Columbia determined with microsatellite DNA variation

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1002-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Beacham ◽  
Brian Spilsted ◽  
Khai D. Le ◽  
Michael Wetklo
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Stock Identification ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Regional Estimates ◽  
Mixed Stock

Variation at 14 microsatellite loci was surveyed in 205 populations of chum salmon ( Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) from British Columbia to determine population structure and the possible application of microsatellites to estimate stock composition of chum salmon in mixed-stock fisheries. The genetic differentiation index (FST) over all populations and loci was 0.016, with individual locus values ranging from 0.006 to 0.059. Sixteen regional stocks were defined in British Columbia for stock identification applications. Analysis of simulated fishery samples suggested that accurate and precise regional estimates of stock composition should be produced when the microsatellites were used to estimate stock compositions. The main stocks that constitute the October 2007 samples of migrating chum salmon through Johnstone Strait in southern British Columbia were Fraser River (45%–64%), southern British Columbia mainland (22%), and east coast Vancouver Island (13%–28%), within the range of those to be expected in samples from Johnstone Strait. Microsatellites have the ability to provide fine-scale resolution of stock composition in British Columbia coastal fisheries.

Biochemical Genetic Survey and Stock Identification of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in British Columbia

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1702-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Beacham ◽  
A. P. Gould ◽  
R. E. Withler ◽  
C. B. Murray ◽  
L. W. Barner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Stock Identification ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands

We examined genetic variability using electrophoretic analysis of 83 chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) stocks in British Columbia and used regional differences in genotypic frequencies of seven polymorphic loci to estimate stock compositions in a number of commercial and experimental test fisheries. Chum salmon from five regions could be discriminated: Queen Charlotte islands, north and central coast, west coast of Vancouver Island, the Fraser River and its tributaries, and the south coast (rivers draining into Johnstone Strait and the Strait of Georgia). Allelic frequencies from 33 stocks were generally stable over a period of 2 yr or more. South coast chum salmon was the dominant run migrating through upper Johnstone Strait in October 1982–85. The genetic method of stock identification provided managers with the relative proportions of Fraser River and other groups of chum salmon in a number of fisheries and allowed managers to regulate more effectively the exploitation rate of Fraser River chum salmon.

Biochemical Genetic Stock Identification of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in Southern British Columbia

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Beacham ◽  
Ruth E. Withler ◽  
Allan P. Gould
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Stock Identification ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Genetic Stock ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

We used electrophoresis to examine genetic variability of 33 chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) stocks in southern British Columbia and used differences in genotypic frequencies among these stocks for estimating stock compositions in a weekly fishery in upper Johnstone Strait. Seven polymorphic loci were used for stock identification. Chum salmon from the Fraser River, Bute and Toba inlets, Vancouver Island, and the southern Mainland had significantly different allelic frequencies, but there was also significant heterogeneity in allelic frequencies at some loci within each region. Allelic frequencies were generally stable over a 2-yr period in nine stocks for which consecutive annual sampling was conducted. There was no significant two-locus linkage disequilibrium for the chum salmon stocks surveyed. Cluster analysis indicated that Fraser River and Bute and Toba Inlet stocks were distinctive, but Vancouver Island and Mainland stocks were not. The timing and relative abundance of Fraser River chum salmon in upper Johnstone Strait as estimated by electrophoretic analysis was confirmed by an in-river test fishery in the Fraser River.

scholarly journals Stock identification of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta from their maturity and scale chraracters.

1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukimasa Ishida ◽  
Soto Ito ◽  
Kenji Takagi
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Stock Identification ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

Genetic Relationships Among Chum Salmon Populations in Southeast Alaska and Northern British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kondzela ◽  
C. M. Guthrie ◽  
S. L. Hawkins ◽  
C. d. Russell ◽  
J. H. Helle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
Mixed Stock

Allozymes from 46 loci were analyzed from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) collected at 61 locations in southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. Of the 42 variable loci, 21 had a common allele frequency <0.95. We observed significant heterogeneity within and among six regional groups: central southeast Alaska, Prince of Wales Island area, southern southeast Alaska – northern British Columbia, north-central British Columbia, and two groups in the Queen Charlotte Islands. Genetic variation among regions was significantly greater than within regions. The three island groups were distinct from each other and from the mainland populations. Allele frequencies were stable over time in 14 of 15 locations sampled for more than 1 yr. The geographic basis for heterogeneity among regions is confounded in part by spawning-time differences. The Prince of Wales and Queen Charlotte populations spawn in the fall; the mainland populations spawn mainly in the summer, although some overlap exists. Overall, most genetic diversity (97%) occurred within sampling locations; the remaining diversity was distributed almost equally within and among regions. Our genetic data may provide fishery managers a means to estimate stock composition in the mixed-stock fisheries near this boundary between the United States and Canada.

scholarly journals Heterozygosity and morphological variability of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in southern British Columbia

Heredity ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D Beacham ◽  
Ruth E Withler
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

DNA and allozyme markers provide concordant estimates of population differentiation: analyses of U.S. and Canadian populations of Yukon River fall-run chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1748-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim T Scribner ◽  
Penelope A Crane ◽  
William J Spearman ◽  
Lisa W Seeb
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Mixed Stock

Although the number of genetic markers available for fisheries research has steadily increased in recent years, there is limited information on their relative utility. In this study, we compared the preformance of different "classes" of genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), nuclear DNA (nDNA), and allozymes) in terms of estimating levels and partitioning of genetic variation and of the relative accuracy and precision in estimating population allocations to mixed-stock fisheries. Individuals from eight populations of fall-run chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Yukon River in Alaska and Canada were assayed at 25 loci. Significant differences in mitochondrial haplotype and nuclear allele frequencies were observed among five drainages. Populations from the U.S.-Canada border region were not clearly distinguishable based on multilocus allele frequencies. Although estimates of total genetic diversities were higher for the DNA loci (Ht = 0.592 and h = 0.647 for nDNA and mtDNA, respectively) compared with protein allozymes (Ht = 0.250), estimates of the extent of population differentiation were highly concordant across marker classes (mean theta = 0.010, 0.011, and 0.016 for allozymes, nDNA, and mtDNA, respectively). Simulations of mixed-stock fisheries composed of varying contributions of U.S. and Canadian populations revealed a consistent bias for overallocation of Canadian stocks when expected Canadian contributions varied from 0 to 40%, due primarily to misallocations among genetically similar border populations. No single marker class is superior for differentiating populations of this species at the spatial scale examined.

Energy expenditures during spawning by chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum) in British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1696-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. McVeigh ◽  
M. C. Healey ◽  
F. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

Created and Restored Marshes in the Lower Fraser River, British Columbia: Summary of their Functioning as Fish Habitat

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
CD. Levings ◽  
D.J.H. Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Transplant Site

Abstract Ecological comparisons of transplanted, natural (reference) and disrupted (unvegetated) marsh sites on the Fraser River estuary, British Columbia, were conducted between 1991 and 1994. The study examined vegetative biomass and cover, invertebrate abundance, fish abundance, fish residency, fish food, and submergence time for the three habitats. Standing crop biomass at three transplant sites was within the range of values for reference sites, but was much lower at an unstable site where sediment slumping had occurred. The percent cover of Lyngbyei's sedge (Carex lyngbyei) in eight transplant sites was 0.05) was observed among marsh sites when chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and chinook salmon (O. tschawytscha) fry abundance were compared. However, chinook and sockeye smolt catches were significantly different (p&gt;0.05) was observed among marsh sites when chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and chinook salmon (O. tschawytscha) fry abundance were compared. However, chinook and sockeye smolt catches were significantly different (p&lt;0.05) among marsh sites and were usually higher at disrupted sites. In nine sites in the North Arm and Deas Slough area chum fry residency was examined. At one transplant site (DEI) marked chum fry were caught up to 48 h after release. No fry were caught 1 h after release at a transplant site (Dll) and a disrupted site (DE4). At the remaining sites, fry were caught up to 1 and 3 h after release. At all sites, over 80% of the total number of food organisms examined in chum fry stomachs were harpacticoid copepods. Mean submergence time for reference marshes ranged from 33.2 to 50.7%, but for transplanted sites the value ranged from 26.4 to 60.1%. Our study shows that numerous factors need to be examined in determining if restored marshes will function as natural habitats. The development of a standardized set of reference criteria would assist in evaluating whether or not transplanted marshes are functioning as designed.

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