scholarly journals Forensic science and fractal nature analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojislav V. Mitic ◽  
Goran Lazovic ◽  
Ana S. Radosavljevic-Mihajlovic ◽  
Dusan Milosevic ◽  
Bojana Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Shape Classification ◽  
Fractal Nature ◽  
Forensic Photography ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Photographic Evidence ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Geometry Feature ◽  
Scene Investigation

Forensic photography, also referred to as crime scene photography, is an activity that records the initial appearance of the crime scene and physical evidence in order to provide a permanent record for the court. Nowadays, we cannot imagine a crime scene investigation without photographic evidence. Crime or accident scene photographs can often be reanalyzed in cold cases or when the images need to be enlarged to show critical details. Fractals are rough or fragmented geometric shapes that can be subdivided into parts, each of which is a reduced copy of the whole. Fractal dimension (FD) is an important fractal geometry feature. There are many applications of fractals in various forensic fields, including image processing, image analysis, texture segmentation, shape classification, and identifying the image features such as roughness and smoothness of an image. Fractal analysis is applicable in forensic archeology and paleontology, as well. The damaged image can be reviewed, analyzed, and reconstructed by fractal nature analysis.

scholarly journals Case Investigation and Forensic Evidence for a New Plant Disease: The Case of Lettuce Corky Root

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariena H. C. van Bruggen ◽  
Isolde M. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Disease ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Crime Scene Reconstruction ◽  
Corky Root ◽  
Scene Investigation

The process of disease diagnosis reminds of the process of solving a crime. This starts with a so-called ‘crime scene investigation’ (CSI) carried out in a highly systematic manner. The CSI is followed by ‘forensic investigation’ in specialized laboratories. The final step in solving a crime is the ‘crime scene reconstruction’ process, which involves systematic elimination of unlikely scenarios and comparison of results from the analysis of physical evidence with eye witness accounts. If more evidence becomes available, an ‘old case may be reactivated’. In this review, the same sequence of activities is followed to solve a plant disease problem using a case study of a disease that was difficult to diagnose, namely the ‘case’ of corky root of lettuce.

scholarly journals Ten years of molecular ballistics—a review and a field guide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Euteneuer ◽  
Cornelius Courts
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Contrast Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Blood Pattern Analysis ◽  
Wound Ballistic ◽  
Objective Investigation

AbstractMolecular ballistics combines molecular biological, forensic ballistic, and wound ballistic insights and approaches in the description, collection, objective investigation, and contextualization of the complex patterns of biological evidence that are generated by gunshots at biological targets. Setting out in 2010 with two seminal publications proving the principle that DNA from backspatter collected from inside surfaces of firearms can be retreived and successfully be analyzed, molecular ballistics covered a lot of ground until today. In this review, 10 years later, we begin with a comprehensive description and brief history of the field and lay out its intersections with other forensic disciplines like wound ballistics, forensic molecular biology, blood pattern analysis, and crime scene investigation. In an application guide section, we aim to raise consciousness to backspatter traces and the inside surfaces of firearms as sources of forensic evidence. Covering crime scene practical as well as forensic genetic aspects, we introduce operational requirements and lay out possible procedures, including forensic RNA analysis, when searching for, collecting, analyzing, and contextualizing such trace material. We discuss the intricacies and rationales of ballistic model building, employing different tissue, skin, and bone simulants and the advantages of the “triple-contrast” method in molecular ballistics and give advice on how to stage experimental shootings in molecular ballistic research. Finally, we take a look at future applications and prospects of molecular ballistics.

scholarly journals Adaptive weights learning in CNN feature fusion for crime scene investigation image classification

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Liu Ying ◽  
Zhang Qian Nan ◽  
Wang Fu Ping ◽  
Chiew Tuan Kiang ◽  
Lim Keng Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Classification ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Crime Scene Investigation ◽  
Adaptive Weights ◽  
Scene Investigation

Forensic Science Education by Crime Scene Investigation in Virtual Reality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ru Chen ◽  
You-Qi Chang-Liao ◽  
Cheng-yu Lin ◽  
Deng-Ruei Tsai ◽  
Jia-He Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Crime Scene Investigation ◽  
Scene Investigation
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