A FINITE AUTOMATA MODEL OF SPIKING-BURSTING NEURONS

A simple qualitative model of spiking-bursting neurons is proposed. It is mainly built from the qualitative behavior observed in central pattern generators (CPG’s) and pacemaker neurons. It is a finite automata which is convenient for computer modelling even for large neural networks. The number of rules utilized in the finite automata are the minimum necessary to reproduce a great variety of phenomena. The validity of the model is determined using actual experimental measurements between two coupled neurons in CPG’s. We reproduce, in the framework of the model, the dynamic patterns observed in Tritonia’s escape swimming CPG. Finally, we study the dynamics of an open chain of 100 reciprocally coupled “symbolic neurons” and investigate the stable patterns reached with time.

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Sustained Responses to Brief Stimuli: Swimming in Xenopus Embryos

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.112.1.321 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 112 (1) ◽

pp. 321-335

Author(s):

ALAN ROBERTS ◽

N. DALE ◽

S. R. SOFFE

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Positive Feedback ◽

Digital Computer ◽

Computer Modelling ◽

Central Pattern Generators ◽

Motor Systems ◽

Xenopus Embryos ◽

Model Networks ◽

Pattern Generators ◽

Sustained Responses

Prolonged responses to brief triggering or releasing stimuli are commonplace in animal behaviour. The initiation of locomotion is an example but hypotheses for the central nervous origin of locomotory rhythms generally do not explain how activity is sustained. After a brief review, which suggests that positive feedback excitation could be involved, evidence from Xenopus embryos is considered. Here a brief skin stimulus can evoke long episodes of swimming even in curarized embryos. Feedback excitation provides a possible explanation for sustaining fictive swimming. This hypothesis is evaluated by simulation of simple neuronal networks using a physiologically realistic digital computer modelling programme. The results from simulations suggest that: (1) positive feedback excitation could sustain activity either in central pattern generators for locomotion or in postural motor systems and (2) that the model networks tested here are not appropriate to produce the pattern of motor output from the Xenopus embryo spinal cord.

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Central pattern generators coordinate successful fertilization and egg-laying behavior in the female locust,Locusta migratoria

10.1603/ice.2016.105697 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Angela B. Lange

Keyword(s):

Locusta Migratoria ◽

Central Pattern Generators ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Pattern Generators

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Effect of Central Pattern Generators Depended Different Walking Strategies on Gait Ability of Patients after Stroke

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1329.2017.02040 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Hua WU ◽

Zaihua RU ◽

Congying XU ◽

Xudong GU ◽

Jianming FU

Keyword(s):

Central Pattern Generators ◽

Pattern Generators

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Rhythmic Pattern Generation in Invertebrates

The Oxford Handbook of Invertebrate Neurobiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190456757.013.17 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 390-400

Author(s):

Astrid A. Prinz

Keyword(s):

Central Pattern Generators ◽

Pattern Generation ◽

Rhythmic Pattern ◽

Neuronal Circuit ◽

Neuronal Circuits ◽

Timing Circuit ◽

Core Components ◽

Pattern Generators

This chapter begins by defining central pattern generators (CPGs) and proceeds to focus on one of their core components, the timing circuit. After arguing why invertebrate CPGs are particularly useful for the study of neuronal circuit operation in general, the bulk of the chapter then describes basic mechanisms of CPG operation at the cellular, synaptic, and network levels, and how different CPGs combine these mechanisms in various ways. Finally, the chapter takes a semihistorical perspective to discuss whether or not the study of invertebrate CPGs has seen its prime and what it has contributed—and may continue to offer—to a wider understanding of neuronal circuits in general.

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