FROM KNOWLEDGE MODELING TO ONTOLOGY CONSTRUCTION

Author(s):  
CHRISTINE W. CHAN

This paper presents the Knowledge Modeling System (KMS) and its application. The KMS supports users in formalizing and documenting knowledge elements acquired for development of knowledge-based systems. The system was developed based on a knowledge modeling technique called the Inferential Modeling Technique. It facilitates building an application ontology of a domain by explicitly structuring and formalizing both domain and task knowledge of any industrial problem domain. The system also supports knowledge sharing by converting the ontology into the Extensible Mark-Up Language (XML). The tool is compared against some other existing efforts at ontology construction support. Application of the KMS for constructing an application ontology in the domain of monitoring and control of a petroleum separation process is also presented.

Author(s):  
Christine W. Chan

This chapter presents a method for ontology construction and its application in developing ontology in the domain of natural gas pipeline operations. Both the method as well as the application ontology developed, contribute to the infrastructure of Semantic Web that provides semantic foundation for supporting information processing by autonomous software agents. This chapter presents the processes of knowledge acquisition and ontology construction for developing a knowledge-based decision support system for monitoring and control of natural gas pipeline operations. Knowledge on the problem domain was acquired and analyzed using the Inferential Modeling Technique, then the analyzed knowledge was organized into an application ontology and represented in the Knowledge Modeling System. Since ontology is an explicit specification of a conceptualization that provides a comprehensive foundation specification of knowledge in a domain, it provides semantic clarifications for autonomous software agents that process information on the Internet.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Theuerl ◽  
Johanna Klang ◽  
Annette Prochnow

Disturbances of the anaerobic digestion process reduce the economic and environmental performance of biogas systems. A better understanding of the highly complex process is of crucial importance in order to avoid disturbances. This review defines process disturbances as significant changes in the functionality within the microbial community leading to unacceptable and severe decreases in biogas production and requiring an active counteraction to be overcome. The main types of process disturbances in agricultural biogas production are classified as unfavorable process temperatures, fluctuations in the availability of macro- and micronutrients (feedstock variability), overload of the microbial degradation potential, process-related accumulation of inhibiting metabolites such as hydrogen (H2), ammonium/ammonia (NH4+/NH3) or hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and inhibition by other organic and inorganic toxicants. Causes, mechanisms and effects on the biogas microbiome are discussed. The need for a knowledge-based microbiome management to ensure a stable and efficient production of biogas with low susceptibility to disturbances is derived and an outlook on potential future process monitoring and control by means of microbial indicators is provided.


1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Russell ◽  
Gordon R. Jones ◽  
P. Baker ◽  
P. Huggett ◽  
D. Alston ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Pekka Salmenpera¨ ◽  
Juha Miettinen

The dynamic behavior of rotating machinery depends on the construction and foundation of the machine and in addition of the machine running parameters. By choosing appropriate parameters it is possible to influence considerably on the vibration of the machine. By driving the machine in that kind of an advantageous running window it is possible to minimize the vibration of the machine and to improve the quality of the product, but not to lose the efficiency of the productivity. Machines where the running window is important in maximizing the quality of the product are rotating cylindrical rolls in line contact for example in paper machines and grinding machines. In that kind of machines resonance situations are the most dangerous operation situations. The on-line measurement from rotating machine components requires wireless measurement data transfer applications. Sophisticated systems for that purpose need transfer capacity of several channels and two-way communications. Two-way communications allows the control of the measurement, versatile analysis of measurement signals and the control or supervised control of the running situation of the machine. If network solutions, for example via www are used, it is possible to use remote operation monitoring and control. In this paper a supervised operation monitoring and control system of a pilot roll station at Tampere University of Technology is described. The main components of the system are measurement unit on the end flange of the rotating roll, wireless local area network for measurement data transfer from the rotating roll to the control room computer and the local area network that connects the process control and signal analysis computers together. The system contains also a WWW-based remote control system for measurement signals from the rotating rolls and for the process variables. One possibility in this kind of complicated control situation is to use the fuzzy logics principle. Fuzzy logics are principally suitable for process control when knowledge-based systems fit well in diagnostics. However, fuzzy rule-based control can be defined as a knowledge-based system. For finding out the suitable running windows in the pilot roll station a fuzzy rule-based, supervised roll rotational speed control system is used. The paper describes also the fuzzy systems and comprises preliminary experimental results.


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