scholarly journals Puzzle of muons in extensive air showers

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950097
Author(s):  
Maciej Rybczyński ◽  
Zbigniew Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Strange Quark Matter ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Interaction Models

In order to examine a muon excess observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory, detailed Monte Carlo simulations were carried out for primary protons, iron nuclei and strangelets (hypothetical stable lumps of strange quark matter). We obtained a rough agreement between the simulations and the data for ordinary nuclei without any contribution of strangelets in primary flux of cosmic rays. Our simulations suggest that the shower observables are dominated by details of hadronic interaction models.

scholarly journals Can strangelets solve the muon puzzle?

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Maciej Rybczyński ◽  
Zbigniew Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Strange Quark Matter ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Primary Cosmic Rays

In order to examine a muon excess observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory, detailed Monte Carlo simulations were carried out, assuming the existence of strangelets (hypothetical stable lumps of strange quark matter) in the primary cosmic rays. We obtain a rough agreement between the simulations and the data for ordinary nuclei without any contribution of strangelets in the primary flux of cosmic rays.

scholarly journals Muon Measurements with IceTop

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier G. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Shower Axis ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
Lateral Distance ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

We present the measurement of the density of GeV muons in near-vertical air showers by the IceTop array at the South Pole. The muon density is measured at 600 m and 800 m lateral distance from the shower axis in air showers between 1 PeV and 100 PeV. This result can be used to constrain hadronic interaction models by comparing it with the outcome of Monte Carlo simulations. We show that some models do not produce muon densities in agreement with this result unless an unphysical composition of the primary cosmic ray flux is assumed.

Search for strange-quark matter in galactic cosmic rays

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aglietta ◽  
C. Castagnoli ◽  
A. Castellina ◽  
W. Fulgione ◽  
L. Periale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Strange Quark Matter

Evidence for stabilized strange-quark matter in cosmic rays?

1985 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1716-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Halzen ◽  
H. C. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Strange Quark Matter

New Upper Limit on Strange Quark Matter Abundance in Cosmic Rays with the PAMELA Space Experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Adriani ◽  
G. C. Barbarino ◽  
G. A. Bazilevskaya ◽  
R. Bellotti ◽  
M. Boezio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Strange Quark Matter ◽  
Space Experiment ◽  
Upper Limit

scholarly journals Study of muons in extensive air showers from ultra-high energy cosmic rays measured with the Telescope Array experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08004
Author(s):  
R. Takeishi
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Telescope Array ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays

The origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) has been a long-standing mystery. One of the uncertainties in UHECR observation derives from the hadronic interaction model used for air shower Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations. The number of muons observed at ground level from UHECR induced air showers is expected to depend upon the composition of primary cosmic rays. The MC prediction also depends on hadronic interaction models. One may test the hadronic interaction models by comparing the measured number of muons with the MC prediction. The Telescope Array (TA) is the largest experiment in the northern hemisphere observing UHECR in Utah, USA. It aims to reveal the origin of UHECR by studying the energy spectrum, mass composition and anisotropy of cosmic rays by utilizing an array of surface detectors (SDs) and fluorescence detectors. We studied muon densities in the UHE extensive air showers by analyzing the signal of TA SD stations for highly inclined showers which should have high muon purity. A high muon purity condition is imposed that requires the geometry of the shower and relative position of the given station and implies that muons dominate the signal. On condition that the muons contribute about 65% of the total signal, the number of particles from air showers is typically 1.88 ± 0.08(stat:) ± 0.42(syst:) times larger than the MC prediction with the QGSJET II-03 model for protons. The same feature was also obtained for other hadronic models, such as QGSJET II-04.

scholarly journals ARE THERE STRANGELETS IN COSMIC RAYS?

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6724-6726 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. RYBCZYŃSKI ◽  
Z. WŁODARCZYK ◽  
G. WILK
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Strange Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Stars ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
Small Admixture ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere ◽  
Heaviest Elements

Assuming that cosmic rays entering the Earth's atmosphere contain a small admixture of nuggets of strange quark matter in form of strangelets one can explain a number of apparently "strange" effects observed in different cosmic rays experiments. We shall demonstrate here that the mass spectrum of such strangelets fills the "nuclear desert" gap existing between the heaviest elements observed in Universe and the next "nuclear-like objects" represented by neutron and strange stars.

Is there strange-quark matter in galactic cosmic rays?

1990 ◽  
Vol 65 (17) ◽  
pp. 2094-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Saito ◽  
Yoshikazu Hatano ◽  
Yutaka Fukada ◽  
Hiroshi Oda
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Quark Matter ◽  
Strange Quark ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Strange Quark Matter
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