Earthquake Catalogue of the Thailand Meteorological Department — A Commentary

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 1471001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santi Pailoplee
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Magnitude Of Completeness ◽  
Seismicity Patterns ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Earthquake Detection ◽  
Main Shocks ◽  
Magnitude Scales ◽  
Seismic Recording

In this study, I investigated qualitatively the earthquake catalogue of the Thai Meteorological Department (TMD), Thailand, with respect to the seismicity patterns of Thailand. The readymade relationships between the different magnitude scales were derived to allow their convenient interconversion. Earthquake declustering was performed in order to screen the main shocks from the foreshocks and aftershocks, reducing the 1998–2009 records from ~48,900 to 2,620 main events. Man-made changes in the seismicity rate were carefully checked for, but only some minor changes were found and these were not related to any network improvements. In order to assess the limit of the earthquake detection in the catalogue the criterion of the magnitude of completeness (Mc) was employed, revealing a high efficiency of earthquake detection at a low Mc (3.0–3.5 Mw), especially for the inland active fault zone that dominates in Southeast Asia. Thus, the TMD's catalogue is one of the alternative catalogues for seismicity investigation of inland earthquakes. Meanwhile for the area surrounding the Sumatra Island and Northern Myanmar, the TMD's network is sufficient only for earthquakes with a Mw > 5.4–6.0 Mw. Thus, some additional seismic recording stations are needed in the Southern and Northern parts of Thailand.

Seismic quiescence, stress drops, and asperities in the New Hebrides arc

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-236
Author(s):  
M. Wyss ◽  
R. E. Habermann ◽  
Ch. Heiniger
Keyword(s):  
High Stress ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Seismic Quiescence ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Seismic Gaps ◽  
Main Shocks ◽  
Seismicity Rates ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Stress Drops

abstract The rate of occurrence of earthquakes shallower than 100 km during the years 1963 to 1980 was studied as a function of time and space along the New Hebrides island arc. Systematic examination of the seismicity rates for different magnitude bands showed that events with mb < 4.8 were not reported consistently over time. The seismicity rate as defined by mb ≧ 4.8 events was examined quantitatively and systematically in the source volumes of three recent main shocks and within two seismic gaps. A clear case of seismic quiescence could be shown to have existed before one of the large main shocks if a major asperity was excluded from the volume studied. The 1980 Ms = 8 rupture in the northern New Hebrides was preceded by a pattern of 9 to 12 yr of quiescence followed by 5 yr of normal rate. This pattern does not conform to the hypothesis that quiescence lasts up to the mainshock which it precedes. The 1980 rupture also did not fully conform to the gap hypothesis: half of its aftershock area covered part of a great rupture which occurred in 1966. A major asperity seemed to play a critical role in the 1966 and 1980 great ruptures: it stopped the 1966 rupture, and both parts of the 1980 double rupture initiated from it. In addition, this major asperity made itself known by a seismicity rate and stress drops higher than in the surrounding areas. Stress drops of 272 earthquakes were estimated by the MS/mb method. Time dependence of stress drops could not be studied because of changes in the world data set of Ms and mb values. Areas of high stress drops did not correlate in general with areas of high seismicity rate. Instead, outstandingly high average stress drops were observed in two plate boundary segments with average seismicity rate where ocean floor ridges are being subducted. The seismic gaps of the central and northern New Hebrides each contain seismically quiet regions. In the central New Hebrides, the 50 to 100 km of the plate boundary near 18.5°S showed an extremely low seismicity rate during the entire observation period. Low seismicity could be a permanent property of this location. In the northern New Hebrides gap, seismic quiescence started in mid-1972, except in a central volume where high stress drops are observed. This volume is interpreted as an asperity, and the quiescence may be interpreted as part of the preparation process to a future large main shock near 13.5°S.

scholarly journals Decomposing spatio-temporal seismicity patterns

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Goltz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Seismicity Patterns ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
Distributed Process ◽  
Sample Application ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract. Seismicity is a distributed process of great spatial and temporal variability and complexity. Efforts to characterise and describe the evolution of seismicity patterns have a long history. Today, the detection of changes in the spatial distribution of seismicity is still regarded as one of the most important approaches in monitoring and understanding seismicity. The problem of how to best describe these spatio-temporal changes remains, also in view of the detection of possible precursors for large earthquakes. In particular, it is difficult to separate the superimposed effects of different origin and to unveil the subtle (precursory) effects in the presence of stronger but irrelevant constituents. I present an approach to the latter two problems which relies on the Principal Components Analysis (PCA), a method based on eigen-structure analysis, by taking a time series approach and separating the seismicity rate patterns into a background component and components of change. I show a sample application to the Southern California area and discuss the promising results in view of their implications, potential applications and with respect to their possible precursory qualities.

scholarly journals KAMCHATKA AND COMMANDER ISLANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
D. Chebrov ◽  
A. Chebrova ◽  
I. Abubakirov ◽  
E. Matveenko ◽  
S. Mityushkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Seismic Moment Tensor ◽  
Magnitude Of Completeness ◽  
Commander Islands ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Double Couple ◽  
Kamchatka Earthquake ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The seismicity review of Kamchatka and surrounding territories for 2014 is given. In Kamchatka earthquake catalogue minimum local magnitude of completeness is MLmin=3.5, and for earthquakes under the Okhotsk sea with h≥350 kmMLmin=3.6. The Kamchatka earthquake catalogue for 2014 with ML3.5, published in the Appendix to this annual, includes 1114 events. 86 earthquakes of the catalogue with ML=3.35–6.2 were felt in Kamchatka and surrounding areas with seismic intensity I ranged from 2 to 5 according the MSK-64 scale. For all events with ML5.0 occurred in the area of responsibility of the KB GS RAS in 2014, an attempt to calculate the seismic moment tensor (SMT) was made. There are 40 such events in the regional catalogue. For 36 earthquakes, the SMT and depth h of the equivalent point source were calculated successfully. The calcu-lations were performed for the SMT double-couple model using a nonlinear algorithm. In 2014, a typical location of the earthquake epicenters was observed in the Kamchatka zone. In 2014, the seismicity level in all selected zones and in the region as a whole corresponded to the background one according to the “SESL’09” scale. The number of recorded events with ML3.6 and strong earthquakes with ML5.1 is close to the average annual value. Anomalous and outstanding events were not recorded.

Seismotectonics of the northern Longitudinal Valley, Taiwan, inferred from aftershock sequences of 2018 Mw6.4 and 2019 Mw6.2 Hualien earthquakes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Fang Sun ◽  
Hao Kuo-Chen ◽  
Zhuo-Kang Guan ◽  
Wen-Yen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Main Shock ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Aftershock Sequence ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
Main Shocks ◽  
Aftershock Sequences ◽  
Seismic Networks

<p>In the Hualien area, two Mw6.4 and Mw6.2 earthquakes, 20 km apart, occurred in February 2018 and April 2019 respectively. The former to the northeast, located offshore to ​​the Liwu river, triggered several earthquake clusters along the Milun fault and southward to the Longitudinal Valley, the suture of the Eurasian and the Philippine Sea plates; the latter to the southwest, located in the Central Range, also triggered several seismic swarms in the Central Range,  along the Liwu river to the northeast and at Ji'an to the southeast. Except for the Milun fault, neither GPS nor InSAR observations detects significant surface deformation after the occurrence of these two main shocks, indicating that the earthquake ruptures mainly developed within the crust. Therefore, seismic observation becomes an efficient tool for revealing the seismotectonics of the two earthquake sequences. For monitoring the aftershock sequences, two days after the main shocks, we deployed two geophone arrays, 70 Z-component RefTek 125A TEXANs for two weeks in 2018 and 47 three-component Fairfield Nodal Z-Lands for one month in 2019, with 1-5 km station spacing around the Hualien City. These earthquake swarms were well recorded and analyzed through the dense seismic networks. The numbers of aftershock sequences manually identified are two-fold more than that issued by the Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan. The seismicity of the 2018 aftershock sequence, to depths of between 5-15 km, was significantly reduced within 10 days after the main shock. however, the seismicity of the 2019 aftershock sequence, to depths of between 2-50 km, was still above background seismicity rate 30 days after the main shock. The spatial distribution of the 2018 aftershock sequence could be related to a fault zone of the plate boundary, but that of the 2019 and the relocated 1986 aftershock sequences show a conjugate thrust fault pair beneath the eastern Central Range. Our results clearly depict several local tectonic structures that have not been observed at the northern tip of the Longitudinal Valley, not only a suture but also a transitional area from collision to subduction.</p>

scholarly journals A Homogeneous Earthquake Catalogue for Turkey and Surrounding Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Tan
Keyword(s):  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Magnitude Of Completeness ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Orthogonal Regression ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
International Seismological Centre ◽  
The Bootstrap Method

Abstract. A new earthquake catalogue for Turkey and surrounding region (32°–47° N, 20°–52° E) is compiled for the period 1900–2017. The earthquake parameters are obtained from the Bulletin of International Seismological Centre that is fully updated in 2020. New conversion equations between moment magnitude and the other scales (md, ML, mb, Ms and M) are determined using in the General Orthogonal Regression method to build up a homogeneous catalogue, which is the essential data for seismic hazard studies. The 95 % confidence intervals are estimated using the bootstrap method with 1000 samples. The equivalent moment magnitudes (Mw*) for the entire catalogue are calculated using the magnitude relations to homogenise the catalogue. The magnitude of completeness is 2.9 Mw* and 3.0–3.2 Mw* for Turkey and Greece generally. The final dataset is not declustered or truncated using a threshold magnitude because of motivation for generating a widely usable catalogue. It contains not only Mw*, but also the average and median of the observed magnitudes for each event. Contrary to the limited earthquake parameters in the previous catalogues, the 45 parameters of approximately 700 k events occurred in a wide area from the Balkans to the Caucasus are presented.

scholarly journals Strong foreshock signal preceding the L'Aquila (Italy) earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.3) of 6 April 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Papadopoulos ◽  
M. Charalampakis ◽  
A. Fokaefs ◽  
G. Minadakis
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
B Value ◽  
Aftershock Sequence ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Background Seismicity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Seismogenic Area

Abstract. We used the earthquake catalogue of INGV extending from 1 January 2006 to 30 June 2009 to detect significant changes before and after the 6 April 2009 L'Aquila mainshock (Mw=6.3) in the seismicity rate, r (events/day), and in b-value. The statistical z-test and Utsu-test were applied to identify significant changes. From the beginning of 2006 up to the end of October 2008 the activity was relatively stable and remained in the state of background seismicity (r=1.14, b=1.09). From 28 October 2008 up to 26 March 2009, r increased significantly to 2.52 indicating weak foreshock sequence; the b-value did not changed significantly. The weak foreshock sequence was spatially distributed within the entire seismogenic area. In the last 10 days before the mainshock, strong foreshock signal became evident in space (dense epicenter concentration in the hanging-wall of the Paganica fault), in time (drastic increase of r to 21.70 events/day) and in size (b-value dropped significantly to 0.68). The significantly high seismicity rate and the low b-value in the entire foreshock sequence make a substantial difference from the background seismicity. Also, the b-value of the strong foreshock stage (last 10 days before mainshock) was significantly lower than that in the aftershock sequence. Our results indicate the important value of the foreshock sequences for the prediction of the mainshock.

scholarly journals A homogeneous earthquake catalogue for Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2059-2073
Author(s):  
Onur Tan
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Magnitude Of Completeness ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Orthogonal Regression ◽  
International Seismological Centre ◽  
The Bootstrap Method

Abstract. A new homogenized earthquake catalogue for Turkey is compiled for the period 1900–2018. The earthquake parameters are obtained from the Bulletin of International Seismological Centre that was fully updated in 2020. New conversion equations between moment magnitude and the other scales (md, ML, mb, Ms, and M) are determined using the general orthogonal regression method to build up a homogeneous catalogue, which is the essential database for seismic hazard studies. The 95 % confidence intervals are estimated using the bootstrap method with 1000 samples. The equivalent moment magnitudes (Mw*) for the entire catalogue are calculated using the magnitude relations to homogenize the catalogue. The magnitude of completeness is 2.7 Mw*. The final catalogue is not declustered or truncated using a threshold magnitude in order to be a widely usable catalogue. It contains not only Mw* but also the average and median of the observed magnitudes for each event. Contrary to the limited earthquake parameters in the previous catalogues for Turkey, the 45 parameters of ∼378 000 events are presented in this study.

scholarly journals ISC-GEM: Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009), II. Location and seismicity patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 2-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bondár ◽  
E. Robert Engdahl ◽  
A. Villaseñor ◽  
James Harris ◽  
D. Storchak
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Seismicity Patterns

scholarly journals Recent seismicity detection increase in the Santorini volcanic island complex

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chouliaras ◽  
G. Drakatos ◽  
K. Makropoulos ◽  
N. S. Melis
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
B Value ◽  
Tectonic Stress ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Extensional Tectonic ◽  
Hazard And Risk

Abstract. Santorini is the most active volcanic complex in the South Aegean Volcanic Arc. To improve the seismological network detectability of the seismicity in this region, the Institute of Geodynamics of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA) recently installed 4 portable seismological stations supplementary to the 3 permanent stations operating in the region. The addition of these stations has significantly improved the detectability and reporting of the local seismic activity in the NOA instrumental seismicity catalogue. In this study we analyze quantitatively the seismicity of the Santorini volcanic complex. The results indicate a recent significant reporting increase mainly for events of small magnitude and an increase in the seismicity rate by more than 100%. The mapping of the statistical significance of the rate change with the z-value method reveals that the rate increase exists primarily in the active fault zone perpendicular to the extensional tectonic stress regime that characterizes this region. The spatial distribution of the b-value around the volcanic complex indicates a low b-value distribution parallel to the extensional stress field, while the b-value cross section of the volcanic complex indicates relatively high b-values under the caldera and a significant b-value decrease with depth. These results are found to be in general agreement with the results from other volcanic regions and they encourage further investigations concerning the seismic and volcanic hazard and risk estimates for the Santorini volcanic complex using the NOA earthquake catalogue.

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