ULTIMATE LEVELS OF EXPLOSIVES DETECTION VIA TAGGED NEUTRONS

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1460131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. BATYAEV ◽  
S. G. BELICHENKO ◽  
R. R. BESTAEV ◽  
A. V. GAVRYUCHENKOV
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Generator ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Explosives Detection ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Neutron Physics ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

Capabilities of the Tagged Neutron (TN) method for detection and identification of explosives materials (EM) are explored using an idealized geometrical model that includes a 14 MeV neutron generator with an integrated alpha detector, a gamma-ray detector based on BGO/LYSO crystals, and irradiated samples in the form of simulated EM (TNT, tetryl, RDX, etc.) or benign material (BM) such as cotton, paper, etc. Research was carried out under the framework of computational simulations of neutron physics processes by Monte Carlo methods as well as experimental measurements using an ING-27 neutron generator produced by VNIIA. The work resulted in a comparison between measured and simulated ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curves obtained via integration of analytically expressed functions of irradiation time, mass, and type of EM and BM. Experimental results indicate that 0.3 kg of tetryl simulant located 45 cm from the neutron generator is detected in 97% of cases after a one minute measurement, with the false-alarm rate being highly dependent on the type of BM present: from ∼0% in the case of water to ∼5% in the case of silk. Comparison of simulated and experimental data for these results shows they are in agreement in cases where the simulations account for neutron scattering from the object and background effects.

ADRON instrument for future missions to Moon and Mars: active neutron and gamma-ray spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Mokrousov ◽  
Dmitriy Golovin ◽  
Igor Mitrofanov ◽  
Alexander Kozyrev ◽  
Maxim Litvak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Neutron Generator ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pulse Neutron ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Pulse Emission ◽  
Epithermal Neutrons ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Detector Block ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

<p>The series of ADRON instruments are developed in Russian Space Research Institute (IKI) for Russian Luna-25, Luna-27 and Roscosmos-ESA ExoMars-2022 landers. The main goal of this experiment is studying of elemental composition of planetary sub-surface down to 1 m. Using pulsing neutron generator and observing albedo after-pulse neutron and gamma-ray emission from the soil, one can detect layering stratification of hydrogen and mass fractions of other elements.</p><p>Both instruments consist of two blocks: pulsing neutron generator (PNG) with 14 MeV neutron pulse duration around 1 microsecond, and detector block with neutrons and gamma-ray detectors based on <sup>3</sup>He counters and CeBr<sub>3</sub> (LaBr3) scintillator, respectively. <sup>3</sup>He counters allow to detect thermal and epithermal neutrons, which are the most sensitive to hydrogen in underlying soil, and gamma-ray detector allows to detect nuclear lines at the energy range from 200 keV up to 10 MeV. Readout and digital electronics is designed to minimize the dead-time of signal processing. It allows to accumulate the after-pulse profiles of emission of neutrons and gamma-rays with very good time (from 2 microsecond) and spectral resolutions (about 4 % for 662 keV).</p><p>The results of laboratory measurements and numerical simulations for ADRON units will be presented for post-pulse emission of neutrons and gamma rays from the planetary soil with different water content, elementary composition and layering structure.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Simulation of the cement measurement based on the pulse DT neutron generator: A Monte Carlo study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252078
Author(s):  
Yadong Gao ◽  
Jiaming Li ◽  
Jichen Li ◽  
Linmao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Neutron Generator ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Monte Carlo Study ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Pulse Mode ◽  
Cement Sample ◽  
Saturation Factor ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

The PGNAA system for the cement measurement was simulated based on Monte Carlo method. The sizes of the moderator and reflector for the 14 MeV DT neutron generator were optimized for fast and thermal neutron outputs. The DT neutron generator was simulated at the pulse mode, and the gamma-ray detector was set as LaBr3(Ce) scintillator. The characteristic peaks of the major elements (Ca, Si, Al, Fe) can be identified from the gamma-ray spectra which induced at the different time intervals of the neutron radiation. For the different thicknesses of the cement sample the ratios of the gamma-ray peaks were observed, and the result showed that when the thickness was between 20 to 30 cm, the ratios became stable. With the ratios, we can calculate the iron modulus, silica modulus and lime saturation factor.

scholarly journals The STACEE ground-based gamma-ray detector

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Gingrich ◽  
L.M. Boone ◽  
D. Bramel ◽  
J. Carson ◽  
C.E. Covault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

scholarly journals Soft gamma-ray detector for the ASTRO-H Mission

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Watanabe ◽  
Hiroyasu Tajima ◽  
Yasushi Fukazawa ◽  
Roger Blandford ◽  
Teruaki Enoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector

Bayesian deconvolution of gamma‐ray logs

Geophysics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1535-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Sheng ◽  
Benjamin White ◽  
Balan Nair ◽  
Sandra Kerford
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Bayesian Optimization ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
High Frequency Noise ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector ◽  
Gamma Ray Log

The spatial resolution of gamma‐ray logs is defined by the length 𝓁 of the gamma‐ray detector. To resolve thin beds whose thickness is less than 𝓁, it is generally desirable to deconvolve the data to reduce the averaging effect of the detector. However, inherent in the deconvolution operation is an amplification of high‐frequency noise, which can be a detriment to the intended goal of increased resolution. We propose a Bayesian statistical approach to gamma‐ray log deconvolution which is based on optimization of a probability function which takes into account the statistics of gamma‐ray log measurements as well as the empirical information derived from the data. Application of this method to simulated data and to field measurements shows that it is effective in suppressing high‐frequency noise encountered in the deconvolution of gamma‐ray logs. In particular, a comparison with the least‐squares deconvolution approach indicates that the incorporation of physical and statistical information in the Bayesian optimization process results in optimal filtering of the deconvolved results.

Gamma-ray nuclear resonance absorption (γ-NRA) for explosives detection in air cargo

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vartsky ◽  
M. B. Goldberg ◽  
G. Engler ◽  
A. Goldschmidt ◽  
G. Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Resonance Absorption ◽  
Explosives Detection ◽  
Nuclear Resonance ◽  
Air Cargo

scholarly journals First data with the Hybrid Array of Gamma Ray Detector (HAGRiD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Smith ◽  
T. Baugher ◽  
S. Burcher ◽  
A.B. Carter ◽  
J.A. Cizewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector
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