Differentially Private Medical Texts Generation Using Generative Neural Networks

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Md Momin Al Aziz ◽  
Tanbir Ahmed ◽  
Tasnia Faequa ◽  
Xiaoqian Jiang ◽  
Yiyu Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Content Type

Technological advancements in data science have offered us affordable storage and efficient algorithms to query a large volume of data. Our health records are a significant part of this data, which is pivotal for healthcare providers and can be utilized in our well-being. The clinical note in electronic health records is one such category that collects a patient’s complete medical information during different timesteps of patient care available in the form of free-texts. Thus, these unstructured textual notes contain events from a patient’s admission to discharge, which can prove to be significant for future medical decisions. However, since these texts also contain sensitive information about the patient and the attending medical professionals, such notes cannot be shared publicly. This privacy issue has thwarted timely discoveries on this plethora of untapped information. Therefore, in this work, we intend to generate synthetic medical texts from a private or sanitized (de-identified) clinical text corpus and analyze their utility rigorously in different metrics and levels. Experimental results promote the applicability of our generated data as it achieves more than 80\% accuracy in different pragmatic classification problems and matches (or outperforms) the original text data.

scholarly journals Facilitating the ethical use of health data for the benefit of society: electronic health records, consent and the duty of easy rescue

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2083) ◽  
pp. 20160130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Porsdam Mann ◽  
Julian Savulescu ◽  
Barbara J. Sahakian
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Electronic Health Records ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Electronic Health

Advances in data science allow for sophisticated analysis of increasingly large datasets. In the medical context, large volumes of data collected for healthcare purposes are contained in electronic health records (EHRs). The real-life character and sheer amount of data contained in them make EHRs an attractive resource for public health and biomedical research. However, medical records contain sensitive information that could be misused by third parties. Medical confidentiality and respect for patients' privacy and autonomy protect patient data, barring access to health records unless consent is given by the data subject. This creates a situation in which much of the beneficial records-based research is prevented from being used or is seriously undermined, because the refusal of consent by some patients introduces a systematic deviation, known as selection bias, from a representative sample of the general population, thus distorting research findings. Although research exemptions for the requirement of informed consent exist, they are rarely used in practice due to concerns over liability and a general culture of caution. In this paper, we argue that the problem of research access to sensitive data can be understood as a tension between the medical duties of confidentiality and beneficence. We attempt to show that the requirement of informed consent is not appropriate for all kinds of records-based research by distinguishing studies involving minimal risk from those that feature moderate or greater risks. We argue that the duty of easy rescue—the principle that persons should benefit others when this can be done at no or minimal risk to themselves—grounds the removal of consent requirements for minimally risky records-based research. Drawing on this discussion, we propose a risk-adapted framework for the facilitation of ethical uses of health data for the benefit of society. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The ethical impact of data science’.

The My Health Record System: Potential to Undermine the Paradigm of Patient Confidentiality?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Wolf ◽  
Danuta Mendelson
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Records ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Record System ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Patient Confidentiality ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Traditional Paradigm

Australia’s national electronic health records system – known as the ‘My Health Record (‘MHR’) system’ – may threaten to undermine the traditional paradigm of patient confidentiality within the therapeutic relationship. Historically, patients have felt comfortable imparting sensitive information to their health practitioners on the understanding that such disclosures are necessary and will be relied on principally for the purpose of treating them. The MHR system potentially facilitates access to patients’ health information by individuals and entities beyond the practitioners who are directly providing them with healthcare and, in some circumstances, without the patients’ consent. It may also enable patients’ health practitioners and their employees to read records that those practitioners did not create or receive in the course of treating the patients and that are irrelevant to their treatment of them. The MHR system could have harmful consequences for individual and public health if patients become unwilling to disclose information to their healthcare providers because they fear it will not remain confidential. In addition to examining the risks of breaches of patient confidentiality in the MHR system, this article considers how the potential benefits of an electronic health records system might be achieved while maintaining patient confidentiality to a significant extent.

scholarly journals Efficient Attribute-Based Secure Data Sharing with Hidden Policies and Traceability in Mobile Health Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhee Hahn ◽  
Hyunsoo Kwon ◽  
Junbeom Hur
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Health Networks ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Constrained Environments ◽  
Access Privileges

Mobile health (also written as mHealth) provisions the practice of public health supported by mobile devices. mHealth systems let patients and healthcare providers collect and share sensitive information, such as electronic and personal health records (EHRs) at any time, allowing more rapid convergence to optimal treatment. Key to achieving this is securely sharing data by providing enhanced access control and reliability. Typically, such sharing follows policies that depend on patient and physician preferences defined by a set of attributes. In mHealth systems, not only the data but also the policies for sharing it may be sensitive since they directly contain sensitive information which can reveal the underlying data protected by the policy. Also, since the policies usually incur linearly increasing communication costs, mHealth is inapplicable to resource-constrained environments. Lastly, access privileges may be publicly known to users, so a malicious user could illegally share his access privileges without the risk of being traced. In this paper, we propose an efficient attribute-based secure data sharing scheme in mHealth. The proposed scheme guarantees a hidden policy, constant-sized ciphertexts, and traces, with security analyses. The computation cost to the user is reduced by delegating approximately 50% of the decryption operations to the more powerful storage systems.

Case study

Kybernetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Han Yang ◽  
Cheng-Yuan Ku ◽  
Man-Nung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Method ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Information System ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – In recent years, many development projects of the medical systems encounter difficulties and eventually fail. Failure is often due to very complicated and changeable medical procedures and the inconsistent understanding between system stakeholders, especially the healthcare providers, and information technology staff. Many research results also indicate that poor communication easily results in negative consequences during the implementation of the medical information system. To effectively overcome this obstacle, the purpose of this paper is to propose an enhanced Delphi method to assist in reaching consensus during the software development with some additional steps. Design/methodology/approach – As an alternative to the traditional way to elicit pertinent feedback from respondents, the enhanced Delphi method stresses the systematic, flexible, and cyclic stages to construct a questionnaire with viewpoints from different types of panelists and a self-assessment procedure as a validating step to measure the improvements in the system implementation. Findings – The better communication between the members of project team does increase the comprehensive assessment of a project. Originality/value – Based on a practical case, the enhanced Delphi method really demonstrates good performance and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Assessing commercially available personal health records for home health

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 355-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Choi ◽  
George Demiris ◽  
Laura Kneale
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Personal Health Records ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Home Health Nurses

SummaryHome health nurses and clients experience unmet information needs when transitioning from hospital to home health. Personal health records (PHRs) support consumer-centered information management activities. Previous work has assessed PHRs associated with healthcare providers, but these systems leave home health nurses unable to access necessary information.To evaluate the ability of publically available PHRs to accept, manage, and share information from a home health case study.Two researchers accessed the publically available PHRs on myPHR.com, and attempted to enter, manage, and share the case study data. We qualitatively described the PHR features, and identified gaps between the case study information and PHR functionality.Eighteen PHRs were identified in our initial search. Seven systems met our inclusion criteria, and are included in this review. The PHRs were able to accept basic medical information. Gaps occurred when entering, managing, and/or sharing data from the acute care and home health episodes. The PHRs that were reviewed were unable to effectively manage the case study information. Therefore, increasing consumer health literacy through these systems may be difficult. The PHRs that we reviewed were also unable to electronically share their data.The gap between the existing functionality and the information needs from the case study may make these PHRs difficult to use for home health environments. Additional work is needed to increase the functionality of the PHR systems to better fit the data needs of home health clients.

scholarly journals Healthy BIM: the feasibility of integrating architecture health indicators using a building information model (BIM) computer system

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Rice
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Building Information

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has forced billions of people into lockdown; foregrounding the important relationship between architecture and health. In this context, there is heightened urgency for the construction sector to improve the healthiness of buildings. Accordingly, the research identifies the feasibility of measuring various building health indicators (BHIs) through the use of a building information management (BIM) model. The research seeks to find optimal strategies for integrating the near ubiquitous use of BIM with a range of health indicators related to building design.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was undertaken to identify potential BHIs for use in BIM models. The research then undertook a Delphi technique in order to test the hypothesis. In total, three rounds of questionnaire-based surveys were undertaken with expert participants.FindingsThe research identifies three different levels of BIM complexity in order to achieve the integration of health indicators. The most simple strategy suggests BHI can be directly measured using existing BIM models; the next level of sophistication requires “plug-in” software to BIM models; the final level would require additional sensors and detectors in a “smart” building.Practical implicationsThe research is significant for users of BIM, building designers, public health advisors, construction professionals, healthcare providers, social prescribers, architects and clients.Originality/valueThe integration of BHI into the architectural design process is an important step towards the construction sector improving health and well-being. The research provides for the first time a rigorous identification of the most viable mechanisms through which BIM may be used to measure the healthiness of a building.

Diabetes self-management: what role does the family play?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titan Ligita ◽  
Nichole Harvey ◽  
Kristin Wicking ◽  
Karen Francis ◽  
Intansari Nurjannah
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis

PurposeThis paper aims to explicate one of the major findings of a research study seeking to understand how Indonesian people with diabetes learn about their disease. The one key finding discussed in this paper is how families influence the learning and self-management processes adopted by Indonesian people with diabetes.Design/methodology/approachA grounded theory methodology was adopted to investigate how Indonesian people with diabetes learn about their disease. Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews were undertaken with Indonesian people living with diabetes, families of people living with diabetes, healthcare professionals and other healthcare providers. Data was analysed by using constant comparative analysis during three coding stages.FindingsThe study explicated the basic social process of how people with diabetes in Indonesia learn about their disease through a generated theory “Learning, choosing, and acting: self-management of diabetes in Indonesia”. This study found family engagement was integral to Indonesian people living with diabetes who were self-managing their disease. Families assisted with seeking information, providing recommendations, selecting and implementing actions, appraising implemented actions, and informing others about their experiences. By acknowledging that family is involved in this process, the healthcare professional can adequately provide health education to both the person with diabetes and their families. Involving families in health education is crucial as family can influence decision making made by people with diabetes in a proper or improper way. Thus, clinicians need to also skilfully recognise difficulties these people encounter by monitoring their self-management progress and by working closely with them and their family members.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted in Indonesia that specifically investigates the process of how people with diabetes learn about their disease. The involvement of families in this process is a central finding of the study. Families can enhance the overall health and well-being of the person with diabetes, aid in early recognition of aberration to health status and trigger the initiation of interventions to re-establish homeostasis if they are actively engaged and supported by health professionals.

Mental health of resettled Syrian refugees: a practical cross-cultural guide for practitioners

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Nadim Almoshmosh ◽  
Hussam Jefee Bahloul ◽  
Andres Barkil-Oteo ◽  
Ghayda Hassan ◽  
Laurence J. Kirmayer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Frameworks ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Social

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare healthcare providers in high-income countries to deal with mental health and psychosocial issues among resettled Syrian refugees. Design/methodology/approach Collaborative work of the authors on a comprehensive review of social context, cultural frameworks and related issues in the mental health and psychosocial well-being of resettled Syrian refugees. Findings A practical guide that emphasizes the importance of considering the social and cultural dimensions of their predicament and highlighting principles that can help clinicians address the unique needs of Syrian refugee patients. Originality/value The content of this paper is inspired by the collaborative work of the authors on a report commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee (UNHCR).

scholarly journals EMR Access and Confidentiality Based on Patient and Hospital Staff Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 533-545
Author(s):  
Dhillon K ◽  
Tan E ◽  
Akseer R ◽  
Alhosani MS ◽  
Ho GF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Electronic Record ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Bibliographic Databases

Introductions: The Electronic Medical Records (EMR) system is a longitudinal electronic record consisting of all the information relevant to a patients’ health and well-being, generated by at least one encounter in a healthcare setting. It can be accessed within an institution with multi-level accessibility based on authentication customized to the type of user. Since the EMR system potentiates an organised and holistic medical history specific to a patient, it enables medical professionals to deliver a higher quality of healthcare services. Aims: The aims of this study were to understand the global perspective of EMR and its implementation as well as to locate the gaps of knowledge that still existed in the understanding and definition of EMR amongst patients and hospital staff. Methods: All major bibliographic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar and several specialist datasets such as PsycINFO, MEDLINE and EBSCOhost from the previous 10 years (2007-2017) were employed in our search. Paper citations which utilised a reference standard were incorporated for quality assessment. An initial search found 2700 articles however after factoring in the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 78 articles were included in this review. Results: Our findings indicated a discrepancy between the expectation of patients and what was actually practiced. Patient concerns mainly involved easy access of healthcare professionals other than doctors to their EMR in addition to non-medical information. The assumption of confidentiality was expected to be maintained by indifference; however, a good face-to-face explanation cannot be substituted with control over content and access to EMR. In the event of a breach in patient confidentiality, lawsuits against healthcare providers will rise exponentially as patients are now well-informed and more empowered to ask questions regarding the care they are receiving and information being disclosed to other parties. Conclusion: Security of information can be attained with better modelling protocols, end-user training and refresher courses done on a regular basis. Finally, controls of access will need to be implemented via passwords and digital signatures.

scholarly journals Ascendable and Protected Allocation of Personal Health Records in Cloud Computing Expending Multi Ability Attribute-Based Encryption

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 908-914
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Computing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Know How ◽  
Attribute Based Encryption ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Specific Association

character fitness document (PHR) is stored up within the integrated server to keep up the affected person's near domestic andPHR administrations are redistributed to outsider professional co-ops. The essential trouble is prepared analysis information. The affected individual facts ought to be whether the patients must actually manipulate the imparting saved up to immoderate protection and security. the safety plans are carried out to shield the character information from unfastened. Tolerant records can be gotten to through diverse human beings. each expert is alloted with get right of entry to consent for a specific association of residences. the doorway manage and safety the board is an unpredictable project in the affected character well-being record the executives approach. allotted computing is a conversational articulation used to painting a large kind of types of registering thoughts that encompass infinite desktops which may be associated via a continuous correspondence organize. it's miles an equal word for disseminated processing over a tool and manner the capacity to run a software program on many associated computer systems concurrently. statistics proprietors replace the person facts into outsider cloud server farms. The story know-how driven machine and a set of facts get to components to manipulate PHRs placed away in semi-confided in servers. to perform outstanding-grained and flexible statistics get access to control for PHRs, we effect function based absolutely Encryption (ABE) structures to scramble every affected man or woman's PHR file. severa information proprietors can get to similar statistics esteems. The proposed plan may be reached out to Multi Authority feature primarily based Encryption (MA-ABE) for numerous expert primarily based get right of entry to manipulate mechanism.current years distributed computing actions toward turning into animportant worldview within the IT agency. extra undertakings desires to make use of allocated computing techniques for their groups, so distributed computing has become a giant studies place. In allotted computing cloud expert co-ops and customers are from various trust areas so records protection and protection are the sizable and primary troubles for far flung facts stockpiling. A blanketed patron compelled statistics get right of entry to manipulate system need to take delivery of earlier than cloud clients have the freedom to redistribute sensitive information to the cloud for capability. in this paper we have examined various get admission to control component for cloud protection

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