Rat skeletal muscle-nerve preparation to teach skeletal muscle physiology

This sourcebook update describes a variation of a previous sourcebook experiment that used isolated extensor digitorum longus muscle from mouse to teach skeletal muscle properties (Head and Arber, Adv Physiol Educ 37: 405-414, 2013; doi:10.1152/advan.00155.2012). Gastrocnemius-sciatic nerve preparation in an anaesthetized rat was developed and muscle contractions were recorded in a computerized data acquisition system using an isometric force transducer. Teachers and students in physiology or biology can use this preparation to demonstrate skeletal muscle properties like simple muscle twitch, quantal summation, wave summation, superposition, incomplete tetanus, complete tetanus, treppe, fatigue, and length-tension relationship.

Download Full-text

In vivo supraspinatus muscle contractility and architecture in rabbit

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00609.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 129 (6) ◽

pp. 1405-1412

Author(s):

Sydnee A. Hyman ◽

Mackenzie B. Norman ◽

Shanelle N. Dorn ◽

Shannon N. Bremner ◽

Mary C. Esparza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Isometric Force ◽

Muscle Physiology ◽

Mammalian Skeletal Muscle ◽

Improved Method ◽

Muscle Contractility ◽

Supraspinatus Muscle ◽

Contractile Stress ◽

Maximum Isometric Force

We introduce an improved method to assess rabbit supraspinatus muscle physiology. Maximum isometric force measured for the rabbit supraspinatus was dramatically greater than previous reports in the literature. Consequently, the isometric contractile stress reported is almost 10 times greater than previous reports of rabbit supraspinatus, but similar to available literature of other mammalian skeletal muscle. We show that previous reports of peak supraspinatus isometric force were subphysiological by ∼90%

Download Full-text

Optical isometric force transducer for measurement of rat skeletal muscle contraction in the NMR spectrometer

NMR in Biomedicine ◽

10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199709)10:6<292::aid-nbm486>3.0.co;2-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 292-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kazusuke Yamane ◽

Fumiyuki Mitsumori

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Contraction ◽

Isometric Force ◽

Force Transducer ◽

Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽

Skeletal Muscle Contraction

Download Full-text

Differential Effects of Bupivacaine on Intracellular Ca2+Regulation

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-200209000-00026 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 710-716 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Wolfgang Zink ◽

Bernhard M. Graf ◽

Barbara Sinner ◽

Eike Martin ◽

Rainer H. A. Fink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Isometric Force ◽

Contractile Proteins ◽

Skinned Muscle ◽

Skinned Muscle Fibers ◽

Force Relation ◽

Longus Muscle ◽

Sensitizing Effect ◽

Muscle Toxicity ◽

Loading Procedure

Background Bupivacaine produces skeletal muscle damage in clinical concentrations. It has been suggested that this may be caused by an increased intracellular level of [Ca2+]. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate direct intracellular effects of bupivacaine on Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), on Ca2+ uptake into the SR, and on Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile proteins. Methods Saponin skinned muscle fibers from the extensor digitorum longus muscle of BALB/c mice were examined according to a standardized procedure described previously. For the assessment of effects on Ca2+ uptake and release from the SR, bupivacaine was added to the loading solution and the release solution, respectively. Force transients and force decays were monitored, and the position of the curve relating relative isometric force free [Ca2+] was evaluated in the presence or absence of bupivacaine. Results Bupivacaine induces Ca2+ release from the SR. In addition, the Ca2+ loading procedure is suppressed, resulting in smaller caffeine-induced force transients after loading in the presence of bupivacaine. The decay of caffeine-induced force transients is reduced by bupivacaine, and it also shifts [Ca2+]-force relation toward lower [Ca2+]. Conclusions These data reveal that bupivacaine does not only induce Ca2+ release from the SR, but also inhibits Ca2+ uptake by the SR, which is mainly regulated by SR Ca2+ adenosine triphosphatase activity. It also has a Ca2+ -sensitizing effect on the contractile proteins. These mechanisms result in increased intracellular [Ca2+] concentrations and may thus contribute to its pronounced skeletal muscle toxicity.

Download Full-text

Injury to skeletal muscle fibers of mice following lengthening contractions

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1985.59.1.119 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 119-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 256

Author(s):

K. K. McCully ◽

J. A. Faulkner

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Isometric Force ◽

Muscle Fibers ◽

Lengthening Contractions ◽

Control Value ◽

Skeletal Muscle Fibers ◽

Maximum Isometric Force ◽

Distal Tendon ◽

Shortening Contractions

We tested the hypothesis that lengthening contractions result in greater injury to skeletal muscle fibers than isometric or shortening contractions. Mice were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and secured to a platform maintained at 37 degrees C. The distal tendon of the extensor digitorum longus muscle was attached to a servomotor. A protocol consisting of isometric, shortening, or lengthening contractions was performed. After the contraction protocol the distal tendon was reattached, incisions were closed, and the mice were allowed to recover. The muscles were removed after 1–30 days, and maximum isometric force (Po) was measured in vitro at 37 degrees C. Three days after isometric and shortening contractions and sham operations, histological appearance was not different from control and Po was 80% of the control value. Three days after lengthening contractions, histological sections showed that 37 +/- 4% of muscle fibers degenerated and Po was 22 +/- 3% of the control value. Muscle regeneration, first seen at 4 days, was nearly complete by 30 days, when Po was 84 +/- 3% of the control value. We conclude that, with the protocol used, lengthening, but not isometric or shortening contractions, caused significant injury to muscle fibers.

Download Full-text

Identification in skeletal muscle of a distinct extracellular pool of amino acids, and its role in protein synthesis

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1210817 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 121 (5) ◽

pp. 817-827 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

R. C. Hider ◽

E. B. Fern ◽

D. R. London

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Incubation Medium ◽

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Extensor Digitorum ◽

Longus Muscle ◽

Kinetics Of

1. The kinetics of radioactive labelling of extra- and intra-cellular amino acid pools and protein of the extensor digitorum longus muscle were studied after incubations with radioactive amino acids in vitro. 2. The results indicated that an extracellular pool could be defined, the contents of which were different from those of the incubation medium. 3. It was concluded that amino acids from the extracellular pool, as defined in this study, were incorporated directly into protein.

Download Full-text