Aldosterone Secretion in Experimental Congestive Heart Failure

1957 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Driscol ◽  
Maxie M. Maultsby ◽  
Gordon L. Farrell ◽  
Robert M. Berne
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Adrenal Vein ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Initial Salt ◽  
Secretion Rates

Adrenal vein blood levels of aldosterone were measured in six dogs with experimental congestive heart failure and compared with secretion rates in 19 normal and 2 sham-operated animals. No significant differences in adrenal aldosterone secretion were found. Aldosterone was not detected by chromatography or bioassay in pooled 3-day urine samples from three dogs before or after heart failure was present. The results suggest that in dogs with congestive heart failure (1) increased secretion of aldosterone is not necessary for the initial salt and water retention, and (2) heart failure can exist in the presence of normal secretory rates of aldosterone as determined by analysis of adrenal vein blood.

scholarly journals 948-52 Paradoxical Neurohumoral Axis Inhibition After Body Fluid Volume Depletion in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure and Water Retention

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 178A ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio D. Guazzi ◽  
Piergiuseppe Agostoni ◽  
G. Battista Perego ◽  
Gianfranco Lauri ◽  
Francesco Giraldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Volume Depletion ◽  
Body Fluid Volume

scholarly journals Pressure sores among malnourished necropsied adults - preliminary data

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ferreira da Cunha ◽  
Ricardo Boggio Frota ◽  
Maysa Silva Arruda ◽  
Selma Freire de Carvalho da Cunha ◽  
Vicente de Paula Antunes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Protein Energy

Pressure sores are common among bedridden, elderly, or malnourished patients, and may occur in terminal ill patients because of impaired mobility, fecal or urinary incontinence, and decreased healing capacity. The aim of this study was to compare frequency of pressure sores between malnourished and non-malnourished necropsied adults. METHOD: All (n = 201) adults (age <FONT FACE="Symbol">³</font> 18 years) autopsied between 1986 and 1996 at the Teaching Hospital of Triangulo Mineiro Medical School (Uberaba) were eligible for the study. Gender, race, weight, height and main diagnoses were recorded. Ninety-six cases were excluded because of probable body water retention (congestive heart failure, hepatic insufficiency, nephrotic syndrome) or pressure sores secondary to peripheral vascular ischemia. Body mass index (BMI) was used to define malnourished (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) and non-malnourished (BMI > 18.5kg/m²) groups. RESULTS: Except for weight (42.5kg; range: 28-57 vs. 60; 36-134.5kg) and BMI (16.9; range: 12.4-18.5 vs. 22.7; range: 18.5-54.6kg/m²), respectively, there were no statistical differences among 43 malnourished and 62 non-malnourished cases in relation to age (54.9 ± 20.4 vs. 52.9 ± 17.9 years), percentage of white persons (74.4 vs. 64.5%), male gender (76.7 vs. 69.3%) and main diagnoses. Five malnourished (11.6%) and 7 (11.5%) non-malnourished cases had pressure sores (p=0.89). CONCLUSION: Pressure sores were equally common findings in necropsied persons with protein-energy malnutrition, as assessed by body mass index.

Aldosterone and its Regulation during Diuresis in Patients with Gross Congestive Heart Failure

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Nicholls ◽  
E. A. Espiner ◽  
R. A. Donald ◽  
H. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration

1. Plasma aldosterone concentration and urine aldosterone excretion were studied before and during sustained diuresis in six patients with gross congestive heart failure, under conditions of fixed sodium and potassium intake and strict control of body posture. Simultaneous measurements of plasma renin activity, plasma corticotrophin and electrolytes were made to assess the relative importance of these factors in the regulation of aldosterone secretion before and during treatment of congestive heart failure. 2. During the pre-treatment phase aldosterone levels were normal or raised, but with acute diuresis fell to unmeasurable levels in most cases. This depression in aldosterone tended to coincide with peak natriuresis. Later in the diuretic phase aldosterone values increased often to very high levels as dry body weight was attained. 3. With few exceptions plasma renin activity fluctuations paralleled those of plasma aldosterone, whereas corticotrophin levels remained largely within normal limits and plasma electrolytes did not change appreciably. 4. The results suggest that the renin—angiotensin system is the important regulator of aldosterone secretion before and during diuretic treatment in patients with gross congestive heart failure.

Influence of congestive heart failure on blood levels of lidocaine and its active monodeethylated metabolite

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillel Halkin ◽  
Peter Meffin ◽  
Kenneth L. Melmon ◽  
Malcolm Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Levels

Exacerbation of Congestive Heart Failure After Administration of Polyethylene Glycol–Electrolyte Lavage Solution

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1232-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C Granberry ◽  
Laura M White ◽  
Stephanie F Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Left Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lavage Solution

Objective: To report a patient with exacerbation of congestive heart failure after administration of polyethylene glycol–electrolyte lavage solution (PEG–ELS). Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed, using the terms congestive heart failure (CHF), gastric lavage, colonoscopy, irrigation, and gastroparesis, of English-language articles published from January 1980 through January 1995, as well as review of pertinent articles' bibliographies. Case Summary: A 45-year-old white woman with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and diabetic gastroparesis received 4 L of a PEG–ELS as preparation for colonoscopy. Within 24 hours she presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and increased bilateral lower extremity edema. She was admitted and treated with intravenous furosemide therapy. After aggressive diuresis her symptoms returned to baseline and she was discharged. Discussion: The literature search revealed no report of a patient requiring hospitalization as a result of sodium and water retention after bowel preparation with PEG–ELS. CHF is not considered a contraindication to the use of this solution; however, most studies that included patients with heart failure did not describe the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. Our patient's severe CHF, in combination with chronic renal insufficiency, resulted in significant retention of sodium and water. Conclusions: Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction and chronic renal insufficiency who are being considered for procedures that necessitate bowel cleansing with PEG–ELS may be at risk for sodium and water retention and exacerbation of CHF.

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