Insulin-like growth factor I promotes growth selectively in fetal sheep in late gestation

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (5) ◽  
pp. R1148-R1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lok ◽  
J. A. Owens ◽  
L. Mundy ◽  
J. S. Robinson ◽  
P. C. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is required for normal fetal growth and skeletal maturation in late gestation, because null mutations of the IGF-I gene in mice reduce fetal weight and retard ossification of bones. To determine if, conversely, increased abundance of IGF-I promotes fetal growth and skeletal maturation, fetal sheep were infused intravascularly with recombinant human IGF-I (n = 7) (26 +/- 3 micrograms. h-1.kg-1) from 120 to 130 days gestation and compared with controls (n = 15). IGF-I infusion increased plasma IGF-I concentrations by 140% (P = 0.002) and weights of fetal liver, lungs, heart, kidneys, spleen, pituitary, and adrenal glands by 16-50% (P < 0.05). Weights and/or lengths of the fetus, placenta, gastrointestinal tract, individual skeletal muscles, and long bones were unchanged by IGF-I. However, IGF-I increased the percentage of proximal epiphyses of long bones present (P < 0.05) and their cross-sectional areas by 15 to 38% (P < 0.05). These results show that IGF-I promotes growth of major fetal organs, endocrine glands, and skeletal maturation in vivo, consistent with IGF-I actively controlling and not merely facilitating fetal growth. The variable response of different tissues may partly reflect tissue specificity in growth requirements for additional factors.

Determining skeletal maturation using insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) test

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Gupta ◽  
Sandhya Jain ◽  
Puneet Gupta ◽  
Anuradha Deoskar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Radioimmunoassay for insulin-like growth factor-I: solutions to some potential problems and pitfalls

1991 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Breier ◽  
B. W. Gallaher ◽  
P. D. Gluckman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Parallel Displacement ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

ABSTRACT This report describes essential requirements for the validation of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and presents solutions to some problems and pitfalls commonly observed. The preparation of IGF-I to be used as radioligand or standard has to be selected carefully since some IGF-I preparations are contaminated with variants which demonstrate different potencies for different antisera used in the RIA. Accurate assessment of IGF-I levels in blood plasma requires an efficient extraction method for the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). Extraction methods to remove the influence of IGFBPs in the RIA were compared using blood plasma of considerable differences in IGF-I/IGFBP ratios. Acidification of plasma before column chromatography on Sephadex G-75 (G75) is generally considered to be the most reliable extraction method, but it is very time-consuming. The acid–ethanol extraction (AE) of plasma is not valid in many situations. Non-parallel displacement to the IGF-I standard was observed with AE-extracted plasma samples in the RIA. In addition, a comparison of IGF-I values obtained in the RIA after AE or G75 extraction of fetal ovine plasma has shown no significant correlation. We report an extraction technique based on a modified AE extraction followed by cryo-precipitation (AEC). AEC extraction on blood plasma reduced residual IGFBPs to a level that did not interfere in the assay. Furthermore, AEC-extracted plasma samples showed parallel displacement in the RIA to highly purified preparations of authentic IGF-I. We observed high correlations, with a slope close to unity, of IGF-I values obtained in the RIA using the AEC or G75 extraction for plasma from different species including adult and fetal sheep, rat, mouse and man. The AEC extraction provides a rapid and simple alternative to G75 extraction for blood plasma from a variety of species provided that high-affinity antisera are used for the RIA. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 347–357

scholarly journals Insulin‐like growth factor I alters renal function and stimulates renin secretion in late gestation fetal sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 530 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Marsh ◽  
Karen J. Gibson ◽  
June Wu ◽  
Phillip C. Owens ◽  
Julie A. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Chronic effect of insulin-like growth factor I on renin synthesis, secretion, and renal function in fetal sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. R318-R326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Marsh ◽  
Karen J. Gibson ◽  
June Wu ◽  
Phillip C. Owens ◽  
Julie A. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I

In the adult, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) increases glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF) during both acute and chronic treatment. To study its effects on the developing kidney, chronically catheterized fetal sheep (120 ± 1 days gestation) were infused intravenously for up to 10 days with 80 μg/h IGF-I ( n = 5) or vehicle (0.1% BSA in saline, n = 6). In contrast to previous acute studies in adult rats and humans, after 4 h of IGF-I fetal GFR and RBF were unchanged. Fractional sodium reabsorption increased ( P< 0.05). However, by 4 days, GFR per kilogram had risen by 35 ± 13% ( P < 0.05), whereas RBF remained unchanged. Tubular growth and maturation may have occurred, as proximal tubular sodium reabsorption increased by ∼35% ( P < 0.005). Therefore, despite a marked increase in filtered sodium (∼30%, P < 0.05), fractional sodium reabsorption did not change. Although the effects of IGF-I on renal function were delayed, plasma renin activity and concentration were both elevated after 4 h and remained high at 4 days ( P < 0.05). Despite this, arterial pressure and heart rate did not change. Kidneys of IGF-I-infused fetuses weighed ∼30% more ( P = 0.05) and contained ∼75% more renin than control fetuses ( P < 0.005). Thus, in the fetus, the renal effects of long-term IGF-I infusion are very different from the adult, possibly because IGF-I stimulated kidney growth.

A chronic low dose infusion of insulin-like growth factor I alters placental function but does not affect fetal growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Bloomfield ◽  
Pierre L. van Zijl ◽  
Michael K. Bauer ◽  
Jane E. Harding
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Dose Infusion ◽  
Growth Factor I

Knowledge of the anabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on fetal growth and feto–placental metabolism are derived from studies using large doses of IGF-I. Low doses of enteral IGF-I have trophic effects on the fetal gut, but there are no data on the effects of systemic low doses of IGF-I on fetal growth and feto–placental metabolism. We therefore compared the effects of a chronic infusion of low dose IGF-I (50�μg�day–1, n = 7) with vehicle-infused controls (n = 7) on fetal growth, metabolism and placental transfer capacity in the chronically instrumented late gestation ovine fetus (121–132 days of gestation; term = 145 days). Insulin-like growth factor I infusion did not affect fetal growth or the size of individual organs, including liver, spleen and bone. Placental morphology was altered, and placental clearances of 3-O-[methyl-3H]D-glucose (a non-metabolizable glucose analogue) and [methyl14C]aminoisobutyric acid (a non-metabolizable analogue of amino acids utilizing the system A transporter), were reduced in IGF-I-treated fetuses (P<0.05 v. control). However, fetal and placental metabolite uptake was not significantly different between groups. We conclude that, despite altering placental transfer capacity and morphology, a chronic low dose infusion of IGF-I does not alter fetal growth or metabolism.

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