Lung water measurement by nuclear magnetic resonance: correlation with morphometry

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 2163-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Cutillo ◽  
K. C. Goodrich ◽  
K. Ganesan ◽  
S. Watanabe ◽  
D. C. Ailion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Water Density ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Lung Water Content

Estimates of lung water content obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and morphometric and gravimetric measurements were compared in normal and experimentally injured rats. Average lung water density (rho H2O) was measured by an NMR technique in excised unperfused rat lungs (20 normal lungs and 12 lungs with oleic acid-induced edema) at 0 (full passive deflation) and 30 cmH2O lung inflation pressure and in vivo (4 normal rats and 8 rats with lung injury induced by oleic acid or rapid saline infusion). The rho H2O values were compared with morphometric measurements of lung tissue volume density (Vv) obtained from the same lungs fixed at corresponding liquid-instillation pressures. A close correlation was observed between rho H2O and Vv in normal and injured excised lungs [correlation coefficient (r) = 0.910, P < 0.01]. In vivo rho H2O was also closely correlated with Vv (r = 0.897, P < 0.01). The correlation coefficients between rho H2O and gravimetric lung water content (LWGr) were lower in the excised lung group (r = 0.663 and 0.692, respectively, for rho H2O at 0 and 30 cmH2O lung inflation pressure, P < 0.01) than in the in vivo study (r = 0.857, P < 0.01). Our results indicate that NMR techniques, which are noninvasive and nondestructive, provide reliable estimates of lung water density and that the influence of lung inflation on rho H2O is important (compared with the effect of lung water accumulation in lung injury) only in the presence of deliberately induced very large variations in the lung inflation level.

Simultaneous measurement of lung clearance rates for Tc- and In-DTPA in normal and damaged lungs

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 2293-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O'Brodovich ◽  
G. Coates ◽  
J. Kay ◽  
D. Muysson
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Lung Water Content ◽  
Arterial Po2

We investigated the relative clearance rates for 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriamine-pentaacetate (Tc-DTPA) and 113mIn-labeled DTPA (In-DTPA) when they were inhaled and deposited together within the lungs of same animal. Submicronic aerosols containing Tc-DTPA and In-DTPA were simultaneously generated by different nebulizers and collected within the same anesthetic bag. The combined aerosols were insufflated into piglets. Clearances for both compounds were measured simultaneously in normal lungs and when the lungs were damaged by intravenous oleic acid or by a presumed oxidant agent, intravenous or intratracheal phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). A medium-energy collimator and a computer-assisted gamma camera were used to calculate clearances. Correction was made for downscatter from the In photopeak into the Tc window. Marked lung injury occurred as evidenced by increases in lung water content and decreases in arterial PO2. The clearance of In-DTPA was slightly but significantly slower than for Tc-DTPA in each group of animals. The correlation (r = 0.93) between clearances for Tc-DTPA and In-DTPA was good, even though in vitro studies demonstrated that Tc-DTPA, but not In-DTPA, slowly dissociated at room and body temperatures. Oleic acid increased, but surprisingly, PMA had no effect on clearance rates for both In-DTPA and Tc-DTPA. We recommend continued use of Tc-DTPA for these measurements in view of its lower cost, requirement for only low-energy collimation, better imaging characteristics, and widespread availability. The overlap between control and injured lungs and the lack of increased clearance rates after PMA suggest this technique does not always detect acute lung injury.

Comparison of three tracers for detecting lung epithelial injury in anesthetized sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 2374-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Peterson ◽  
K. D. Dickerson ◽  
H. L. James ◽  
E. J. Miller ◽  
J. W. McLarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
Lung Epithelial

We compared the ability of three aerosolized tracers to discriminate among control, lung inflation with a positive end expired pressure of 10 cmH2O, lung vascular hypertension and edema without lung injury, and lung edema with lung injury due to intravenous oleic acid. The tracers were 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (99mTc-DTPA, mol wt 492), 99mTc-human serum albumin (99mTc-ALB, mol wt 69,000), and 99mTc-aggregated albumin (99mTc-AGG ALB, mol wt 383,000). 99mTc-DTPA clearance measurements were not able to discriminate lung injury from lung inflation. The 99mTc-AGG ALB clearance rate was unchanged by lung inflation and increased slightly with lung injury. The 99mTc-ALB clearance rate (0.06 +/- 0.02%/min) was unchanged by lung inflation (0.09 +/- 0.02%/min, P greater than 0.05) or 4 h of hypertension without injury (0.09 +/- 0.04%/min, P greater than 0.05). Deposition of 99mTc-ALB within 15 min of the administration of the oleic acid increased the clearance rate to 0.19 +/- 0.06%/min, which correlated well with the postmortem lung water volume (r = 0.92, P less than 0.01). This did not occur when there was a 60-min delay in the deposition of 99mTc-ALB. We conclude that 99mTc-ALB is the best indicator for studying the effects of lung epithelial injury on protein and fluid transport into and out of the air spaces of the lungs in a minimally invasive manner.

Determination of lung water content and distribution by nuclear magnetic resonance

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Cutillo ◽  
A. H. Morris ◽  
D. D. Blatter ◽  
T. A. Case ◽  
D. C. Ailion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Nmr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Lung Slice ◽  
Lung Water Content ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The present study was designed to determine the value of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging as a technique for quantifying lung water distribution and to estimate the degree of spatial resolution achieved by this technique. The spatial distribution of water was determined in six small (0.76 ml) rat lung tissue specimens by an NMR line-scan technique. After NMR imaging, each lung specimen was frozen and subdivided into slices; the gravimetric lung water content for each lung slice was compared with the integrated NMR water content over the volume corresponding to the same lung slice. In each tissue specimen, NMR and gravimetric lung water values were significantly correlated; the correlation coefficient for the pooled data for all six lung specimens was 0.91 (P less than 0.01). In two lung specimens, NMR values tended to be slightly higher than the gravimetric values. The magnitude of the difference between NMR and gravimetric values was generally less than 20% and only occasionally exceeded 25%. Our results suggest that the NMR-imaging method provides satisfactory estimates of lung water content and its distribution; the resolving power of the technique is excellent, as shown by its ability to detect water content differences between lung tissue slices of volume as small as 0.076 ml.

Prone position reverses gravitational distribution of perfusion in dog lungs with oleic acid-induced injury

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Wiener ◽  
W. Kirk ◽  
R. K. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Gravitational Gradient ◽  
Before And After

Although oxygenation improves in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome and in animals with oleic acid- (OA) induced acute lung injury when they are turned from the supine to the prone position, the mechanism(s) by which this improvement occurs is not known. Several groups have speculated that this improvement results from preferential edema accumulation in the dorsal lung regions and redistribution of perfusion away from these regions when the patients are turned to the prone position. We used radiolabeled microspheres to measure the regional distribution of perfusion (Qr) to the dorsal, mid, and ventral lungs of eight dogs in vivo in the supine and prone positions, before and after inducing acute lung injury with OA, and correlated the Qr observed after injury with the degree of regional extravascular lung water (EVLWr). Before OA, Qr increased along the gravitational gradient when the animals were supine but was more uniformly distributed when they were prone. After OA, Qr again followed a gravitational gradient when the animals were supine but was preferentially distributed to the nondependent regions when they were prone. EVLWr was similar in all regions, regardless of whether OA was injected when the animals were supine or prone. The gravitational Qr gradient is markedly reduced in the prone position, both before and after lung injury. The prone position-induced improvement in oxygenation is not the result of redistribution of Qr away from areas in which edema preferentially develops.

Assessment of Lung Water Distribution by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A New Method for Quantifying and Monitoring Experimental Lung Injury

1988 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio G. Cutillo ◽  
Alan H. Morris ◽  
David C. Ailion ◽  
Thomas A. Case ◽  
Carl H. Durney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
New Method ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Biological NMR Spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Structure Of Proteins

This book presents a critical assessment of progress on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the structure of proteins, including brief reviews of the history of the field along with coverage of current clinical and in vivo applications. The book, in honor of Oleg Jardetsky, one of the pioneers of the field, is edited by two of the most highly respected investigators using NMR, and features contributions by most of the leading workers in the field. It will be valued as a landmark publication that presents the state-of-the-art perspectives regarding one of today's most important technologies.

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