scholarly journals Mechanisms of adaptation in human auditory cortex

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis P. Lanting ◽  
Paul M. Briley ◽  
Christian J. Sumner ◽  
Katrin Krumbholz
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Human Auditory Cortex ◽  
Evoked Potentials In Humans ◽  
Late Auditory Evoked Potentials

This study investigates the temporal properties of adaptation in the late auditory-evoked potentials in humans. The results are used to make inferences about the mechanisms of adaptation in human auditory cortex. The first experiment measured adaptation by single adapters as a combined function of the adapter duration and the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) and interstimulus interval (ISI) between the adapter and the adapted sound (“probe”). The results showed recovery from adaptation with increasing ISI, as would be expected, but buildup of adaptation with increasing adapter duration and thus SOA. This suggests that adaptation in auditory cortex is caused by the ongoing, rather than the onset, response to the adapter. Quantitative modeling indicated that the rate of buildup of adaptation is almost an order of magnitude faster than the recovery rate of adaptation. The recovery rate suggests that cortical adaptation is caused by synaptic depression and slow afterhyperpolarization. The P2 was more strongly affected by adaptation than the N1, suggesting that the two deflections originate from different cortical generators. In the second experiment, the single adapters were replaced by trains of two or four identical adapters. The results indicated that adaptation decays faster after repeated presentation of the adapter. This increase in the recovery rate of adaptation might contribute to the elicitation of the auditory mismatch negativity response. It may be caused by top-down feedback or by local processes such as the buildup of residual Ca2+ within presynaptic neurons.

scholarly journals The specificity of stimulus-specific adaptation in human auditory cortex increases with repeated exposure to the adapting stimulus

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 2679-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Briley ◽  
Katrin Krumbholz
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Frequency Separation ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Neuron Populations ◽  
Fatigue Model ◽  
Rate Of Decay ◽  
Human Auditory Cortex ◽  
Onset Asynchrony

The neural response to a sensory stimulus tends to be more strongly reduced when the stimulus is preceded by the same, rather than a different, stimulus. This stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) is ubiquitous across the senses. In hearing, SSA has been suggested to play a role in change detection as indexed by the mismatch negativity. This study sought to test whether SSA, measured in human auditory cortex, is caused by neural fatigue (reduction in neural responsiveness) or by sharpening of neural tuning to the adapting stimulus. For that, we measured event-related cortical potentials to pairs of pure tones with varying frequency separation and stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). This enabled us to examine the relationship between the degree of specificity of adaptation as a function of frequency separation and the rate of decay of adaptation with increasing SOA. Using simulations of tonotopic neuron populations, we demonstrate that the fatigue model predicts independence of adaptation specificity and decay rate, whereas the sharpening model predicts interdependence. The data showed independence and thus supported the fatigue model. In a second experiment, we measured adaptation specificity after multiple presentations of the adapting stimulus. The multiple adapters produced more adaptation overall, but the effect was more specific to the adapting frequency. Within the context of the fatigue model, the observed increase in adaptation specificity could be explained by assuming a 2.5-fold increase in neural frequency selectivity. We discuss possible bottom-up and top-down mechanisms of this effect.

Tonotopic representation of missing fundamental complex sounds in the human auditory cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Fujioka ◽  
Bernhard Ross ◽  
Hidehiko Okamoto ◽  
Yasuyuki Takeshima ◽  
Ryusuke Kakigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Complex Sounds ◽  
Human Auditory Cortex ◽  
Missing Fundamental

scholarly journals Functional Mapping of the Human Auditory Cortex

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Poliva ◽  
Patricia E.G. Bestelmeyer ◽  
Michelle Hall ◽  
Janet H. Bultitude ◽  
Kristin Koller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Functional Mapping ◽  
Human Auditory Cortex

scholarly journals Neural representations of own-voice in the human auditory cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Hosaka ◽  
Marino Kimura ◽  
Yuko Yotsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Human Auditory Cortex ◽  
The Voice

AbstractWe have a keen sensitivity when it comes to the perception of our own voices. We can detect not only the differences between ourselves and others, but also slight modifications of our own voices. Here, we examined the neural correlates underlying such sensitive perception of one’s own voice. In the experiments, we modified the subjects’ own voices by using five types of filters. The subjects rated the similarity of the presented voices to their own. We compared BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent) signals between the voices that subjects rated as least similar to their own voice and those they rated as most similar. The contrast revealed that the bilateral superior temporal gyrus exhibited greater activities while listening to the voice least similar to their own voice and lesser activation while listening to the voice most similar to their own. Our results suggest that the superior temporal gyrus is involved in neural sharpening for the own-voice. The lesser degree of activations observed by the voices that were similar to the own-voice indicates that these areas not only respond to the differences between self and others, but also respond to the finer details of own-voices.

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