scholarly journals Evolving Trends in the Hepatitis C Virus Molecular Epidemiology Studies: From the Viral Sequences to the Human Genome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Trinks ◽  
Adrián Gadano ◽  
Pablo Argibay
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Epidemiology Studies

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major worldwide public health problem. The search for the key molecular biomarkers that may provide insight on the basis of the differences in disease progression, severity, and response to therapy is crucial for understanding the natural history of HCV, for estimating the burden of infection and for developing preventive interventions. Initially, molecular epidemiology studies have focused on studying the viral genetic diversity (genotypes, genetic variants, specific nucleotide and amino acid substitutions). However, the clinical heterogeneities of HCV infection and the imperfect predictability of the response to treatment have suggested the need to search for host genetic biomarkers. This led to the discovery of genetic polymorphisms playing a major role in the evolution of infection, as well as in treatment response and adverse effects, such as IL-28B, ITPA, and IP-10. As a consequence, nowadays the focus of molecular epidemiology studies has turned from the viral to the human genome. This paper will cover recent reports on the subject describing the most relevant viral as well as host genetic risk factors analyzed by past and current HCV molecular epidemiology studies.

scholarly journals Use of short tandem repeat fingerprinting to validate sample origins in hepatitis C virus molecular epidemiology studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria C. Edwards ◽  
C. Patrick McClure ◽  
Richard J. P. Brown ◽  
Emma Thompson ◽  
William L. Irving ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Distinct Virus ◽  
Virus Sequence ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
Short Tandem

Sequence analysis is used to define the molecular epidemiology and evolution of the hepatitis C virus. Whilst most studies have shown that individual patients harbour viruses that are derived from a limited number of highly related strains, some recent reports have shown that some patients can be co-infected with very distinct variants whose frequency can fluctuate greatly. Whilst co-infection with highly divergent strains is possible, an alternative explanation is that such data represent contamination or sample mix-up. In this study, we have shown that DNA fingerprinting techniques can accurately assess sample provenance and differentiate between samples that are truly exhibiting mixed infection from those that harbour distinct virus populations due to sample mix-up. We have argued that this approach should be adopted routinely in virus sequence analyses to validate sample provenance.

scholarly journals Liver Fibrosis, Host Genetic and Hepatitis C Virus Related Parameters as Predictive Factors of Response to Therapy against Hepatitis C Virus in HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e101760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Corchado ◽  
Luis F. López-Cortés ◽  
Antonio Rivero-Juárez ◽  
Almudena Torres-Cornejo ◽  
Antonio Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Host Genetic

Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic History of Hepatitis C Virus Subtype 3a Infection in Thailand

Intervirology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srunthron Akkarathamrongsin ◽  
Pitchaya Hacharoen ◽  
Pisit Tangkijvanich ◽  
Apiradee Theamboonlers ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Virus Subtype

scholarly journals ‘Favourable’ IL28B polymorphisms are associated with a marked increase in baseline viral load in hepatitis C virus subtype 3a infection and do not predict a sustained virological response after 24 weeks of therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Bucci ◽  
Annette von Delft ◽  
Annabel Christian ◽  
Vicki M. Flemming ◽  
Abby Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sustained Virological Response ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Median Viral Load ◽  
Host Genetic

IL28B host genetic make-up is known to play a critical role in the outcome of genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the context of both primary infection and therapy. However, the role of IL28B in subtype 3a infection remains unclear, and has not yet been assessed in the UK population where subtype 3a is dominant. In this study, we evaluated the role of the IL28B single-nucleotide polymorphism rs8099917 in 201 patients recruited from two well-defined cohorts (from Nottingham and Oxford), treated with the standard-of-care therapy of pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 24 weeks. We showed that the ‘favourable’ IL28B gene was associated with a rapid virological response to therapy at 4 weeks (P<0.0001), but not with a sustained virological response to therapy. The median viral load at baseline, before therapy, was markedly increased in people with the ‘favourable’ IL28B genotype [median viral load for the TT allele, 925 961 IU ml−1 (range 2200–21 116 965 IU ml−1), and for the GT or GG allele, 260 284 IU ml−1 (range 740–7 560 000 IU ml−1); P = 0.0010]. Our results suggest that the host genetic response plays an important role in early viral clearance of subtype 3a virus from the blood. However, significant reservoirs of infection must persist, as viral relapse is common, even in those with the favourable host genotype.

Molecular Detection of Hepatitis C Virus amongst Patients in Five Selected Hospitals in Niger State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
M U Iduh ◽  
F A Kuta ◽  
M E Abalaka ◽  
K O Shitu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a major public health problem in developing and developed countries worldwide. It is responsible for liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically-infected patients. This study therefore aimed to identify the strain of HCV among HCV seropositive subjects in Niger State. A total of 44 HCV seropositive blood samples which consisted of 27 males and 17 females were analyzed (after Viral RNA extraction) for the presence of HCV-RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Nine (20.5%) of the samples were positive for HCV RNA. HCV-RNA positive samples were genotyped by direct sequencing at 5’UTR region genomes; sequences were aligned on MEGA 6.0 and confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. HCV genotype 1b was the only one distributed among the participants. The findings are relevant as predictors for using antiviral therapy in this population because the response to treatment varies according to the genotype.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Hepatitis C Virus amongst Patients in Five Selected Hospitals in Niger State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
M U Iduh ◽  
F A Kuta ◽  
M E Abalaka ◽  
K O Shitu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a major public health problem in developing and developed countries worldwide. It is responsible for liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically-infected patients. This study therefore aimed to identify the strain of HCV among HCV seropositive subjects in Niger State. A total of 44 HCV seropositive blood samples which consisted of 27 males and 17 females were analyzed (after Viral RNA extraction) for the presence of HCV-RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Nine (20.5%) of the samples were positive for HCV RNA. HCV-RNA positive samples were genotyped by direct sequencing at 5’UTR region genomes; sequences were aligned on MEGA 6.0 and confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. HCV genotype 1b was the only one distributed among the participants. The findings are relevant as predictors for using antiviral therapy in this population because the response to treatment varies according to the genotype.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Hepatitis C Virus amongst Patients in Five Selected Hospitals in Niger State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
M U Iduh ◽  
F A Kuta ◽  
M E Abalaka ◽  
K O Shitu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a major public health problem in developing and developed countries worldwide. It is responsible for liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically-infected patients. This study therefore aimed to identify the strain of HCV among HCV seropositive subjects in Niger State. A total of 44 HCV seropositive blood samples which consisted of 27 males and 17 females were analyzed (after Viral RNA extraction) for the presence of HCV-RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Nine (20.5%) of the samples were positive for HCV RNA. HCV-RNA positive samples were genotyped by direct sequencing at 5’UTR region genomes; sequences were aligned on MEGA 6.0 and confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. HCV genotype 1b was the only one distributed among the participants. The findings are relevant as predictors for using antiviral therapy in this population because the response to treatment varies according to the genotype.

The Effects of Interferon and Ribavirin in Chronic Hepatite C

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2147-2150
Author(s):  
Liliana Coldea ◽  
Florin Grosu ◽  
Alina Liliana Pintea ◽  
Sebastian Ioan Cernusca Mitariu ◽  
Nicolae Grigore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Extrahepatic Manifestations ◽  
Hépatite C ◽  
Response Versus

The chronic hepatitis C is a frequently problem in worldwide, the number of infected individuals is high and go on, getting a public health problem [1]. In Romania there are nearly 1 million persons infected with hepatitis C virus, the scope of spreading is related with specific risk factors. An important number of infection with hepatitis C virus present simultaneous extrahepatic manifestations proved to be alone manifestation tracing; its important for diagnosis and treatment. We analyzed the effects of interferon and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C in General C.F. Hospital Sibiu, between 2008 � 2012. The association between infection with hepatitis C virus and extrahepatic manifestations is important to be recognized for adequate diagnosis tests. By comparing the results of therapy in patients with hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations, the study found that 30 patients (58.83 %) with liver manifestations had an incomplete response versus 10 patients (26.32 %) with extrahepatic manifestations; 11 patients (21.54 %) with hepatic manifestations had a complete response versus 3 patients (7.89 %) with extrahepatic manifestations; and 10 patients (19.63 %) with hepatic manifestations did not respond to treatment versus 25 patients (65.79 %) with extrahepatic manifestations. Analyzing the results of antiviral therapy in patients with hepatic manifestations and those with extrahepatic manifestations, antiviral treatment appears to be more advantageous in cases with only hepatic manifestations.

The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Hemophiliacs

Hematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Franchini ◽  
A. Tagliaferri ◽  
G. Rossetti ◽  
F. Capra ◽  
E. De Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus among Apparently Normal Schoolchildren: Follow‐up after 7 Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 384-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza El‐Sherbini ◽  
Wafaa Hassan ◽  
Mohamad Abdel‐Hamid ◽  
Ahmad Naeim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of
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