scholarly journals Transmitted Drug Resistance among People Living with HIV/Aids at Major Cities of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Leandro Paula Ferreira ◽  
Rosangela Rodrigues ◽  
Andre Minhoto Lança ◽  
Valeria Correia de Almeida ◽  
Simone Queiroz Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hiv 1

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is an important public health issue. In Brazil, low to intermediate resistance levels have been described. We assessed 225 HIV-1 infected, antiretroviral naïve individuals, from HIV Reference Centers at two major metropolitan areas of Sao Paulo (Sao Paulo and Campinas), the state that concentrates most of the Brazilian Aids cases. TDR was analyzed by Stanford Calibrated Population Resistance criteria (CPR), and mutations were observed in 17 individuals (7.6%, 95% CI: 4.5%–11.9%). Seventy-six percent of genomes (13/17) with TDR carried a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance mutation, mostly K103N/S (9/13, 69%), potentially compromising the preferential first-line therapy suggested by the Brazilian HIV Treatment Guideline that recommends efavirenz-based combinations. Moreover, 6/17 (35%) had multiple mutations associated with resistance to one or more classes. HIV-1 B was the prevalent subtype (80%); other subtypes include HIV-1 F and C, mosaics BC, BF, and single cases of subtype A1 and CRF02_AG. The HIV Reference Center of Campinas presented more cases with TDR, with a significant association of TDR with clade B infection (P<0.05).

Prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance and viral suppression among recently diagnosed adults in São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Portes Ozorio Coelho ◽  
◽  
Elaine Monteiro Matsuda ◽  
Roberta Schiavon Nogueira ◽  
Mônica Jacques de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hiv 1

Prevalence of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Children and Adolescents in São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Flávia Jacqueline Almeida ◽  
Rosangela Rodrigues ◽  
Mayra Simioni Zaparoli ◽  
Eitan Naaman Berezin ◽  
Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Drug Resistance Mutations ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Intermittent HIV-1 Viremia (Blips) and Virological Failure in a Cohort of People Living with HIV from São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Yaqub Ibrahim ◽  
Patricia Recordon-Pinson ◽  
Denis Malvy ◽  
Hervé Fleury ◽  
Aluisio Cotrim Segurado
Keyword(s):  
Virological Failure ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Transmitted Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among Newly Diagnosed People Living With HIV/AIDS in a Minority Area, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Yuan ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Zixin Wang ◽  
Meijing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Transmission Networks ◽  
Genetic Transmission ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Minority Area

Introduction: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) can compromise antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy. We aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology of TDR and its genetic transmission networks among newly diagnosed people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH).Methods: A total of 1,318 newly diagnosed PLWH, identified in all population-based HIV screening in an HIV-affected county of a minority area of China (i.e., Butuo county), were enrolled between January 1, 2018, and November 31, 2018. HIV-1 pol gene sequences were used for phylogenetic and genotypic drug resistance analyses. The genetic transmission networks were identified.Results: The prevalence of TDR among newly diagnosed PLWH was 8.12% (107/1,318). Patients in the stage of AIDS (adjusted odds ratio, OR: 2.32) and who had a history of sharing a needle ≥5 times (adjusted OR: 3.89) were more likely to have an increased risk of TDR. The prevalence of TDR for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) is higher than that of other inhibitors, with a relatively high prevalence of three mutations [V179D/E/DE (4.93%), K103N/KN (3.11%), and E138A/G (1.52%)]. A total of 577 (43.78%) pol sequences were involved in the genetic transmission network, with 171 clusters ranging in size from 2 to 91 pol sequences; 37.38% (40/107) of individuals carrying TDR were involved in the network, and individuals with the same TDR-associated mutations were usually cross-linked.Conclusions: Our data suggest a relatively high level of TDR and many transmission clusters among the newly diagnosed PLWH. Targeted intervention, early identification, and monitoring of resistance are warranted to reduce the TDR and prevent HIV-1 transmission in areas with a high rate of HIV-1.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Yuan ◽  
Meijing Liu ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Yuling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Virological Failure ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Analyses of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission. Methods A total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017. The venous blood samples were subjected to RT-PCR, followed by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the DNAStar software and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. Results A total of 2156 (41.81%) PLWH showed virological failure on ART. Males (ORm=1.25), heterosexual behaviors and drug injection (ORm=1.44) and mother to child transmission routes (ORm=1.58), the clinical stage of AIDS (ORm=1.35), having used illicit drugs and shared the needles (1-4 times: ORm=1.34; more than 5 times: ORm=1.52), having ever replaced ART regimen (ORm=1.48) increased the risk of virological failure among PLWH, while higher education lever (ORm=0.77) and ≥12 months on ART (12~36 months: ORm=0.72; ≥36 months: ORm=0.66) was associated with lower likelihood of virological failure. The data revealed that CRF07_BC (1508, 95.62%) were the most common strains, and the drug-resistant rate was 32.10% among PLWH with virological failure in this area. The high frequencies of drug resistance were found in EFV and NVP of NNRTIs, ABC, FTC and 3TC of NRTIs, and TPV/r in PIs. The most common mutations in NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs were K103N/KN (64.69%), M184V/MV/I (36.29%) and Q58E/QE (4.93%), respectively. Conclusion We concluded that surveillance of virological failure, HIV-1 subtypes, and drug resistance to understand HIV-1 epidemiology and guide modification of ART guidelines, and target prevention and control strategies should be formatted to reduce the virological failure and drug resistance to promote viral suppression and prevent HIV-1 transmission.

scholarly journals Trends in Antiretroviral Drug Resistance and Clade Distributions Among HIV-1--Infected Blood Donors in Sao Paulo, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia C. Barreto ◽  
Anna Nishyia ◽  
Luciano V. Ara??jo ◽  
Jo??o E. Ferreira ◽  
Michael P. Busch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Hiv 1

Transmitted Drug Resistance Among Recently Diagnosed Adults and Children in São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1219-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Morena de Souza Guimarães ◽  
João Leandro de Paula Ferreira ◽  
Luana Portes Ozório Coelho ◽  
Jaqueline de Souza Cavalcanti ◽  
Giselle Ibette Silva Lopez Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Adults And Children

Prevalence of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Children and Adolescents in São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. e255-e257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Jacqueline Almeida ◽  
Rosangela Rodrigues ◽  
Mayra Simioni Zaparoli ◽  
Eitan Naaman Berezin ◽  
Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Drug Resistance Mutations ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Transmitted Drug Resistance in Treatment-naïve HIV-Infected VCT clients in Taiwan, 2007–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S423-S424
Author(s):  
Hung-Chin Tsai ◽  
I-Tzu Chen ◽  
Susan Shin-Jung Lee ◽  
Yao-Shen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Testing ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Level Resistance

Abstract Background The transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 strains might compromise the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment. The aim of this study was to monitor the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in Taiwan, where free highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was provided since 1997. Methods A cohort study on TDR was conducted in antiretroviral therapy -naïve HIV-1 ¡Vinfected voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) clients from 2007 to 2016 in southern Taiwan. Genotypic drug resistance testing to PR/RT (pol gene) were determined by ViroSeqTM system and drug resistance testing to integrase inhibitors (INSTI) was done by in house PCR. Antiretroviral resistance was interpreted using the HIVdb program of the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. The patients classified as having low-level resistance, intermediate resistance and high-level resistance were defined as having drug resistance. Resistance-associated mutations were defined by the presence of at least one mutation included in the 2017 drug resistance mutation list of the International AIDS Society-USA consensus guidelines. Results A total of 29384 individuals received a free HIV anonymously screening test during 2007 to 2016. The positive rate for HIV-1 infection was 2%. Sequences were obtained from 407 individuals, of whom 90% were infected by MSM, and 10% were infected by heterosexually. Subtype B HIV-1 strains were found in 97%, subtype C in 0.3% and subtype CRF01_AE in 2.7%. A total of 6% was found to harbor drug resistance strains. The most common NRTI resistance associated mutation was D67N, M184V, K219N, Y118I and T215S/P. The most common NNRTI resistance associated mutation was Y181C, K103N, V179D and Y318F. No any one harbored resistance to INSTI inhibitors (n = 188). Conclusion The resistance prevalence (6%) in this study supported the WHO guideline to prescribe pol resistance testing before initiation of HAART therapy in the treatment naïve patients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Yuan ◽  
Meijing Liu ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Yiping Li ◽  
Yuling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Virological Failure ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Analyses of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission.Methods: A total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017. The venous blood samples were subjected to RT-PCR, followed by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the DNAStar software and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.Results: A total of 2156 (41.81%) PLWH showed virological failure on ART. Males (ORm=1.25), heterosexual behaviors and drug injection (ORm=1.44) and mother to child transmission routes (ORm=1.58), the clinical stage of AIDS (ORm=1.35), having used illicit drugs and shared the needles (1-4 times: ORm=1.34; more than 5 times: ORm=1.52), having ever replaced ART regimen (ORm=1.48) increased the risk of virological failure among PLWH, while higher education lever (ORm=0.77) and ≥12 months on ART (12~36 months: ORm=0.72; ≥36 months: ORm=0.66) was associated with lower likelihood of virological failure. The data revealed that CRF07_BC (1508, 95.62%) were the most common strains, and the drug-resistant rate was 32.10% among PLWH with virological failure in this area. The high frequencies of drug resistance were found in EFV and NVP of NNRTIs, ABC, FTC and 3TC of NRTIs, and TPV/r in PIs. The most common mutations in NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs were K103N/KN (64.69%), M184V/MV/I (36.29%) and Q58E/QE (4.93%), respectively.Conclusion: We concluded that surveillance of virological failure, HIV-1 subtypes, and drug resistance to understand HIV-1 epidemiology and guide modification of ART guidelines, and target prevention and control strategies should be formatted to reduce the virological failure and drug resistance to promote viral suppression and prevent HIV-1 transmission.

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