scholarly journals Are Plant Species’ Richness and Diversity Influenced by Fragmentation at a Microscale?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Short And Long Term

It is argued that forest fragmentation has negative effects on biodiversity at the short and long term; however, these effects might be dependent on the specific vegetation of the study area and its intrinsic characteristics. The processes leading to fragmentation are very diverse and many of them have anthropogenic causes as logging actions and clearings for agricultural fields. Furthermore, it is thought that scale plays an important role in the expected effects of fragmentation on biodiversity. In this study the effect of forest fragmentation and its impact on the woody plants species, richness and diversity are analysed considering three vegetation types in a poorly studied and difficult access biodiversity hotspot in northern Mexico. The results show that the effects of fragmentation are dependent on the vegetation type and that these are not strongly related to the species richness, and diversity in a microscale (100 m2). Fragmentation effects on biodiversity must be analysed in a broad scale, considering the fragment as a whole. Furthermore, conservation priority should be given to the larger fragments, which could potentially maintain a higher portion of biodiversity. Management should also be focused on increasing the connectivity between these big and medium size forest patches.

Avifaunal and habitat changes resulting from conversion of native prairie to crested wheat grass: patterns at songbird community and species levels

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
G C Sutter ◽  
R M Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity

Many North American grassland songbirds are experiencing significant population declines, partly because of land-use practices associated with agricultural activity. The aim of this study was to compare the habitat correlates of songbirds breeding in native mixed-grass prairie with patterns found in introduced vegetation dominated by crested wheat grass (Agropyron pectiniforme). We assessed plant species composition, habitat structure, and bird species diversity over 2 years to document species- and community-level trends in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. In addition to having higher plant species richness and diversity, native vegetation consisted of significantly more grass and sedge cover, less bare ground, deeper litter, and higher density within 10 cm of the ground than introduced vegetation. Bird species richness and diversity and the abundance of Baird's Sparrows (Ammodramus bairdii) and Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) increased significantly along a multivariate gradient from open to more sheltered habitat, regardless of vegetation type. Sprague's Pipits (Anthus spragueii) showed a curvilinear increase along the same gradient, occurring in high numbers where habitats offered an intermediate level of cover. Our findings suggest that species richness and diversity within songbird communities and the abundance of some species may be reduced where conversion to crested wheat grass results in more open habitat.

Effects of forest fragmentation on neotropical fauna: current research and data availability

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly L. Offerman ◽  
Virginia H. Dale ◽  
Scott M. Pearson ◽  
Robert V. O'Neill ◽  
Richard O. Bierregaard Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Neotropical Fauna ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Spatially Explicit Data ◽  
Biological Dynamics

Tropical deforestation often produces landscapes characterized by isolated patches of forest habitat surrounded by pasture, agriculture, or regrowth vegetation. Both the size and the distribution of these forest patches may influence the long-term persistence of faunal species. There is, therefore, a pressing need to understand faunal responses to patterns of forest fragmentation in tropical systems. The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) provides a wealth of autecological information and spatially explicit data describing habitat use and movement of fauna between Amazonian forest fragments. Using data from the BDFFP and other studies in the Amazon Basin, this paper reviews the information available on tropical insects, frogs, birds, primates, and other mammals that can be used to identify and classify species most at risk for extirpation in fragmented forests.Key words: Amazonia, habitat fragmentation, rainforest, fauna, Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragmentation Project.

scholarly journals Endoparasite Infection Has Both Short- and Long-Term Negative Effects on Reproductive Success of Female House Sparrows, as Revealed by Faecal Parasitic Egg Counts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0125773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Holand ◽  
Henrik Jensen ◽  
Jarle Tufto ◽  
Henrik Pärn ◽  
Bernt-Erik Sæther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Short And Long Term

Plant species richness and diversity in urban and peri-urban gardens of Niamey, Niger

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Bernholt ◽  
Katja Kehlenbeck ◽  
Jens Gebauer ◽  
Andreas Buerkert
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Urban Gardens ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity
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