scholarly journals Isolated Gastric Myeloid Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankit Vachhani ◽  
Prithviraj Bose
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
Middle Aged Woman ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Myeloid sarcoma represents the proliferation of myeloblasts of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at extramedullary sites. While extramedullary involvement in AML is uncommon in itself, isolated myeloid sarcomas, that is, myeloid sarcomas without any bone marrow involvement, are extremely rare and pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged woman with isolated myeloid sarcoma in the stomach—an organ seldom involved by this disease. Additionally, the literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathology, prognosis, and therapeutic options in myeloid sarcomas has been reviewed.

scholarly journals Immunotherapy- (Blinatumomab-) Related Lineage Switch of KMT2A/AFF1 Rearranged B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia into Acute Myeloid Leukemia/Myeloid Sarcoma and Subsequently into B/Myeloid Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui R. He ◽  
Zacharia Nayer ◽  
Matthew Hogan ◽  
Raymund S. Cuevo ◽  
Kimberly Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Lineage Switch ◽  
Acute Myeloid

The presence of KMT2A/AFF1 rearrangement in B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is an independent poor prognostic factor and has been associated with higher rate of treatment failure and higher risk of linage switch under therapy. Blinatumomab has shown promising therapeutic results in refractory or relapsed B-ALL; however, it has potential risk of inducing lineage switch, especially in KMT2A/AFF1 rearranged B-ALL into acute myeloid leukemia and/or myeloid sarcoma. We report a 40-year-old female with KMT2A/AFF1-rearranged B-ALL that was refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Following administration of blinatumomab, she developed a breast mass proven to be myeloid sarcoma, in addition to bone marrow involvement by AML. Approximately six weeks after cessation of blinatumomab, a repeat bone marrow examination revealed B/myeloid MPAL.

scholarly journals Breast Recurrence of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Case Report About Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-295
Author(s):  
Ecenur Varol ◽  
Umay Kiraz ◽  
Sertaç Ata Güler ◽  
Çiğdem Vural ◽  
Zafer Gülbaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Breast Recurrence ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Myeloid Sarcoma: The Mayo Clinic Experience of Ninety Six Case Series

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 2798-2798
Author(s):  
Jennifer Yui ◽  
Mythri Mudireddy ◽  
Mrinal M Patnaik ◽  
Naseema Gangat ◽  
Aref Al-Kali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background: Myeloid sarcoma is a tumor mass consisting of myeloid blasts occurring at anatomical site other than the bone marrow (Arber et al. Blood 2016;127(20):2391-2405). It is a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia, which can be localized or disseminated and may involve multiple organs. It can present with or without a positive bone marrow. It may precede or follow bone marrow involvement. It may be identified at diagnosis or relapse, and is not uncommon after stem cell transplantation (Koc et al. Cancer 1999;85(3):608-615; Yoshihara et al. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant 2012;18(12):1800-1807). Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, cytogenetics, prognosis and outcome of patients with myeloid sarcoma with or without bone marrow involvement. Methods: The Mayo Clinic database was interrogated using the ICD-9 codes 205.0, 205.2, 205.3, as well as terms "myeloid sarcoma," "chloroma," and "extramedullary sarcoma" in clinical notes and pathology reports. Patients' follow up information was collected until July 2016. Results: Ninety six patients with a diagnosis myeloid sarcoma were identified. The diagnosis was based on biopsy results and in some cases imaging studies in addition to bone marrow biopsy. The median age was 53 (range 17-83) years, and 64 (67%) patients were males. Myeloid sarcoma with de novo (primary) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (with antecedent hematologic malignancy and therapy related) accounted for 64% (61) and 36% of the cases respectively. The sites involved based on their frequency of occurrence included integumentary system (skin and soft tissues) in 37 (38%), lymphatic system in 17 (18%), the gastrointestinal and genitourinary system in 14 (15%), the nervous system in 9 (9%), the breast in 3 (3%) and multiple and other single sites in 16 (17 %). Bone marrow cytogenetics findings were documented in 74 (77%) patients; favorable, intermediate, and poor cytogenetic abnormalities account for 7 (9%), 45 (61%), and 22 (30%) cases respectively. After a median follow up of 135 weeks, 57 (59%) patients died. The median survival of primary and secondary acute myeloid leukemia with myeloid sarcoma was 52 and 11.5 months (P<0.0001); and that of favorable, intermediate and unfavorable cytogenetics abnormalities was 169, 52 and 17.5 months (P=0.04) respectively. Twenty six (27%) patients had no bone marrow involvement; and 18 (69%) of them were primary myeloid sarcoma (without antecedent malignancy or therapy). The median (range) age of those with and without bone marrow involvement was 53 (17-83) and 56 (17-81) years (P=0.6). At diagnosis patients with and without bone marrow involvement have a median (range) hemoglobin (gm/dL) (10.3 (6.2-15.4) vs 13.1 (9.9-15.2) P=0.0002), white blood cell count (X109/L) (21.4 (1.1-182.5) vs 5.8 (2.4-23.2) P<0.0001), and platelet count (X109/L) (71 (8-437) vs 250 (17-561) respectively. Aggressive chemotherapy therapy was given to 58 (83%) and 20 (77%) of patients with and without bone marrow involvement (P=0.6). The median survival was 17 and 20 months with and without bone marrow involvement (P=0.4). Of those with bone marrow involvement, 49 (70%) achieved complete remission, and 26 (53%) of those individuals subsequently relapsed. Conclusion: The treatment outcome of patients with myeloid sarcoma with or without bone marrow involvement seems the same. The conventional risk factors, antecedent hematological neoplasms and cytogenetic findings, have significant impact on survival. Disclosures Al-Kali: Celgene: Research Funding; Onconova Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding.

scholarly journals An Unusual Cause of Epistaxis: Paranasal Sinus Myeloid Sarcoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Karuna Dewan ◽  
John H. Baird ◽  
Courtney B. Shires
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Sphenoid Sinus ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Balanced Translocation ◽  
Acute Myeloid

We report a case of a 65-year-old female who presented with right-sided headaches, blurring of vision in the right eye, cold-induced epistaxis, and facial numbness in the trigeminal nerve distribution. Laboratory studies revealed a significant number of myeloblasts on peripheral smear with granulated cytoplasm, irregular nuclei, and prominent vacuoles. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated a T1-enhancing 1.5 cm right-sided dural-based lesion involving the medial sphenoid wing, cavernous sinus, infratemporal fossa, and sphenoid sinus region. An endoscopic biopsy of the lesion within the sphenoid sinus confirmed the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma, with myeloblasts comprising 30% of cellularity by flow cytometry. A subsequent bone marrow biopsy revealed a hypercellular marrow with 23% blasts by flow cytometry that demonstrated a similar immunophenotypic pattern to those seen in the sinus mass. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing revealed the balanced translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22.1), consistent with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1-RUNX1T1-balanced translocation by WHO 2016 criteria. Myeloid sarcoma represents a rare extramedullary presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), either alone or in conjunction with blood or bone marrow involvement. This case emphasizes the need for a broad differential diagnosis and an aggressive work-up for any unusual paranasal sinus mass.

scholarly journals GASTROINTESTINAL MYELOID SARCOMA A CASE PRESENTATION AND CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e2021067
Author(s):  
Pouyan Kheirkhah ◽  
Ana M. Avila-Rodriguez ◽  
Bartlomiej Radzik ◽  
Carlos Murga-Zamalloa
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Myeloid sarcomas can be detected in up to 30% of acute myeloid leukemia cases or occur de-novo without bone marrow involvement. The most frequent localization of myeloid sarcomas in the abdominal cavity is the small intestine, and gastric presentations are infrequent, frequently misdiagnosed, and a high level of suspicion should exist when the characteristic histomorphology features are present. The current review features a case report with gastric presentation of myeloid sarcoma in a patient with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with trisomy 8. In addition, a review of the literature of intestinal type myeloid sarcomas shows that less than 15% of these cases have been reported in the stomach. The most common molecular aberrancy detected in intestinal myeloid sarcomas is the fusion protein CBFB-MYH11. Review of several large studies demonstrates that the presence of myeloid sarcoma does not constitute an independent prognostic factor. The therapeutic approach will be tailored to the specific genetic abnormalities present, and systemic chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplant are the most efficient strategies.

scholarly journals Atypical breast adenosquamous carcinoma following acute myeloid leukemia in a middle-aged woman: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Shokoufeh Mahmoudi Shan ◽  
Mahdi Jahantigh ◽  
Abolghasem Allahyari
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
Middle Aged Woman ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Bilateral orbital myeloid sarcoma preceding acute myeloid leukemia in an adult: a case report and review of the literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Vera-Aguilera ◽  
Osama Mukarram ◽  
Prathibha Nutalapati ◽  
Mary Mok ◽  
Anushi Bulumulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Acute Myeloid
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