scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Infection and the Kidney: Renal Abnormalities in HBV Patients, Antiviral Drugs Handling, and Specific Follow-Up

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Deray ◽  
Maria Buti ◽  
Ed Gane ◽  
Ji-Dong Jia ◽  
Henry Lik Yuen Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dosage Adjustment ◽  
Nucleotide Analogues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Renal Abnormalities

Chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Many patients with CHB have variable degrees of functional renal impairment, and approximately 2 to 15% of patients on hemodialysis have CHB. Several therapeutic regimens have been developed in the past years, among which oral nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have been demonstrated to be efficient and well tolerated. However, they all are excreted in the urine and may thus require dosage adjustment in patients with decreased renal function. Furthermore, a number of them may in addition be toxic to the kidneys, especially in those patients presenting with renal insufficiency.

Effect of Nucleoside and Nucleotide Analogues on Renal Function in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Monoinfection

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1188.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Mallet ◽  
Michaël Schwarzinger ◽  
Anaïs Vallet-Pichard ◽  
Hélène Fontaine ◽  
Marion Corouge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Nucleotide Analogues ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Follow-up of Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Hyun Hwang ◽  
Jong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin-Han Kang ◽  
Jae Kyun Hur ◽  
Kyung Il Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Short-term Peginterferon-Induced High Functional Cure Rate in Inactive Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers With Low Surface Antigen Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Lei Zeng ◽  
Zu-Jiang Yu ◽  
Jia Shang ◽  
Guang-Hua Xu ◽  
Chang-Yu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Functional Cure ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Hbsag Loss ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Peginterferon Α

Abstract Background None of the current guidelines recommend antiviral therapy for inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers (IHCs). Methods In this real-world, multicenter, nonrandomized study, 32 participants meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled 1:1 for treatment with peginterferon α-2b or monitoring without treatment based on participant preference. The expected treatment duration was 48 weeks. The primary end point was hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. The HBV vaccine could be injected after HBsAg loss. Results All patients had HBsAg levels of <20 IU/mL. The mean baseline HBsAg levels were 6.6 IU/mL and 5.8 IU/mL in the treated and untreated groups, respectively. Fifteen (93.8%) participants achieved HBsAg loss, 5 obtained HBsAg seroconversion after undergoing a mean of 19.7 weeks of therapy in the treated group, and no one in the follow-up group achieved HBsAg loss during a mean follow-up time of 12.6 months (P < .0001). Generally, the therapy was well tolerated. Nine of 11 individuals who exhibited HBsAg loss benefited from receiving the HBV vaccine. Conclusions This study provides justification for further studies of short-course peginterferon α-2b for the functional cure of IHCs with low HBsAg levels. Additionally, HBV vaccine injection is beneficial after interferon-induced HBsAg loss.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection: longitudinal analysis of a UK cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingyan Wang ◽  
David A Smith ◽  
Cori Campbell ◽  
Jolynne Mokaya ◽  
Oliver Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTAimCurrent clinical recommendations suggest treating chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a minority of cases, but more data are needed to determine the benefits and risks of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) therapy. We aimed to assess the impact of TDF on liver disease, and the risk of nephrotoxicity.MethodWe studied a longitudinal UK chronic HBV (CHB) cohort attending out-patient clinics between 2005 and 2018, analysing data for 206 ethnically diverse adults (60 on TDF, 146 untreated), with median follow-up 3.3±2.8 years.ResultsPatients prescribed TDF were older (39 vs. 35 years, p=0.004) with a male excess (63% vs. 47%, p=0.04) compared to untreated patients. Reflecting treatment eligibility criteria, at baseline, treated patients were more likely to have elevated ALT (p<0.001), higher HBV DNA viral load (VL) (p<0.001), and higher elastography scores (p=0.002), but with no difference in renal function (p=0.6). In the TDF group, VL declined significantly between baseline and subsequent time points (all p<0.0001) with VL suppressed in 94% at three years, while in the untreated group viraemia was unchanged from baseline. In the TDF group, ALT and elastography scores normalised during treatment and by three years were equivalent to those in the untreated group. Progression of liver fibrosis did not occur in the TDF group but arose in 7.4% of untreated patients, although this difference was non-significant. There was no significant difference in renal impairment during follow-up between two groups.ConclusionTDF may have long-term benefits for a wider pool of the CHB population.

scholarly journals Towards Genotype-Specific Care for Chronic Hepatitis B: The First 6 Years Follow Up From the CHARM Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Davies ◽  
Emma L Smith ◽  
Margaret Littlejohn ◽  
Rosalind Edwards ◽  
Vitina Sozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Objective There is increasing evidence to suggest that, among those with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, the natural history and rate of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is influenced by hepatitis B virus genotype. The unique hepatitis B virus genotype C4 circulates among Indigenous Australians. The aim of this work is to describe the process of establishing this cohort and review the first 6 years of available data in an effort to understand the real-world clinical care and natural history of this subgenotype. Method We followed a longitudinal cohort of Indigenous Australians from the Northern Territory of Australia with established subgenotype C4 infections. We assigned phases of disease according to Gastroenterological Society of Australia and Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver criteria using clinical and laboratory information that had been collected for clinical management. Results Of 193 patients followed over a median of 38 months, 58 (30%) individuals transitioned from 1 disease phase to another, 10 (5%) cleared hepatitis B e antigen, and 6 cleared hepatitis B surface antigen (3%). In this relatively young cohort (median age 40.3 years), 26 (13%) had cirrhosis by the end of the follow up period, with the majority of these being in the immune control phase of disease. Conclusions In this cohort of hepatitis B subgenotype C4 patients, we report an aggressive and dynamic clinical phenotype. High rates of cirrhosis at a young age appear to occur in the early phases of disease.

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