scholarly journals Study on an Undershot Cross-Flow Water Turbine with Straight Blades

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nishi ◽  
Terumi Inagaki ◽  
Yanrong Li ◽  
Kentaro Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Open Channels ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Generation

Small-scale hydroelectric power generation has recently attracted considerable attention. The authors previously proposed an undershot cross-flow water turbine with a very low head suitable for application to open channels. The water turbine was of a cross-flow type and could be used in open channels with the undershot method, remarkably simplifying its design by eliminating guide vanes and the casing. The water turbine was fitted with curved blades (such as the runners of a typical cross-flow water turbine) installed in tube channels. However, there was ambiguity as to how the blades’ shape influenced the turbine’s performance and flow field. To resolve this issue, the present study applies straight blades to an undershot cross-flow water turbine and examines the performance and flow field via experiments and numerical analyses. Results reveal that the output power and the turbine efficiency of the Straight Blades runner were greater than those of the Curved Blades runner regardless of the rotational speed. Compared with the Curved Blades runner, the output power and the turbine efficiency of the Straight Blades runner were improved by about 31.7% and about 67.1%, respectively.

Study on the Flow Field of an Undershot Cross-Flow Water Turbine

2014 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Rong Li ◽  
Yasuyuki Nishi ◽  
Terumi Inagaki ◽  
Kentarou Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Open Channel ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Low Head ◽  
New Type ◽  
Type Water

The purpose of this investigation is to research and develop a new type water turbine, which is appropriate for low-head open channel, in order to effectively utilize the unexploited hydropower energy of small river or agricultural waterway. The application of placing cross-flow runner into open channel as an undershot water turbine has been under consideration. As a result, a significant simplification was realized by removing the casings. However, flow field in the undershot cross-flow water turbine are complex movements with free surface. This means that the water depth around the runner changes with the variation in the rotation speed, and the flow field itself is complex and changing with time. Thus it is necessary to make clear the flow field around the water turbine with free surface, in order to improve the performance of this type turbine. In this research, the performance of the developed water turbine was determined and the flow field was visualized using particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The experimental results show that, the water depth between the outer and inner circumferences of the runner decreases as the rotation speed increases. In addition, the fixed-point velocities with different angles at the inlet and outlet regions of the first and second stages were extracted.

scholarly journals Performance and Flow Field of a Gravitation Vortex Type Water Turbine

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nishi ◽  
Terumi Inagaki
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Turbine Output

A gravitation vortex type water turbine, which mainly comprises a runner and a tank, generates electricity by introducing a flow of water into the tank and using the gravitation vortex generated when the water drains from the bottom of the tank. This water turbine is capable of generating electricity using a low head and a low flow rate with relatively simple structure. However, because its flow field has a free surface, this water turbine is extremely complicated, and thus its relevance to performance for the generation of electricity has not been clarified. This study aims to clarify the performance and flow field of a gravitation vortex type water turbine. We conducted experiments and numerical analysis, taking the free surface into consideration. As a result, the experimental and computational values of the torque, turbine output, turbine efficiency, and effective head agreed with one another. The performance of this water turbine can be predicted by this analysis. It has been shown that when the rotational speed increases at the runner inlet, the forward flow area expands. However, when the air area decreases, the backward flow area also expands.

scholarly journals Radial Thrust of Low-Head Cross-Flow Water Turbine.

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (588) ◽  
pp. 3012-3017
Author(s):  
Takaya Kitahora ◽  
Junichi Kurokawa ◽  
Tomitarou Toyokura
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Radial Thrust

scholarly journals Utilizing the Main Outfall Drain-Addalmage Lake System for Hydroelectric Power Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Ahmed Naeem Kizar ◽  
Riyadh Z. Azzubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Navigation Lock ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Generation

The basic idea of the Main Outfall Drain, MOD, was to construct a main channel to collect saline drained water of the irrigation projects within central and southern parts of Iraq and discharge it down to the Arabian Gulf. The MOD has a navigation lock structures near Addalmage Lake at station 299.4km. This structure is designed to ensure navigation within the MOD. The water level difference upstream the cross regulator and the downstream conjugation structure is about 9m. This head difference can be used to generate electrical power by constricting a low head power plant. This study aimed to utilize the head difference in navigation lock structures for power generation. Different operation condition and locations plants were examined. Hydrologic and hydraulic simulations were used to analyze the system of the MOD-Addalmage Lake system. Results showed that the water level are kept below the dike level along the reaches in the all alternatives and the maximum average annual power generated vary between 3.41MW to 5.55MW depending on the selected alternative of operation and the site of the plant  

Effect of Blade Angle on Performance and Flow Field of an Undershot Cross-Flow Water Turbine with Straight Blades

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019.27 (0) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Mikihiro Shindo ◽  
Yasuyuki NISHI ◽  
Yuichiro YAHAGI ◽  
Ryota SUZUKI ◽  
Terumi INAGAKI
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Water Turbine

Numerical Study of Effects of AJVG on Aerodynamic Performance and Speed Control of Small-Scale Fixed-Pitch HAWT

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Chenkai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Vortex Generator ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Fixed Pitch

Due to the feature of structure simplicity, lower production cost and maintenance ease, fixed pitch variable speed wind turbine has been widely used in non-grid-connected wind power systems. The calculation of wind turbine performance plays an important part in the design of wind turbines. Aerodynamic performance calculation is particularly significant in the fixed pitch stall-regulated wind turbine aerodynamic design process. To enhance the output power and power coefficient of wind turbine, active flow control technologies such as vortex generator are adopted in recent years. In this paper, a small wind turbine with air jet vortex generator (AJVG) on the blade tip is designed, and the output power of the wind turbine gets changed by operating the air jet. Computational Fluid Dynamics method is chosen to obtain aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine with/without AJVG and these features are furtherly integrated with speed control method to get speed control strategy under full-speed circumstance. It can be found after complete comparison that through setting AJVG at the blade tip, the new speed control features can help make it operate more stably in a wide range of wind speed without changing the existing wind turbine blades profiles and pitch angle. Also details of the flow field are obtained when solving the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes Equations. By analyzing the flow field of wind turbine with/without AJVG, the influence mechanism of the AJVG is demonstrated in this paper.

scholarly journals Design and Construction of Single Phase Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Generators for Pico hydro Scale Power Plants Using Propeller Turbines in Water Pipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Eko Yohanes Setyawan ◽  
Yusuf Ismail Nakhoda ◽  
Awan Uji Krismanto ◽  
Lalu Mustiadi ◽  
Erkata Yandri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Special Profile ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Main Components

Pico hydro or a small scale hydroelectric power plant is used as the rotating energy of the generator. Pico hydro is a hydroelectric power plant that has a power of less than 5 kW. Technically, Pico hydro has three main components namely water, turbine and generator. Turbine type propeller reaction has a special profile that causes a decrease in water pressure during the blades. This pressure difference exerts force on the blade so that the runner (rotating part of the turbine) can rotate. Permanent magnets are used to produce magnetic flux. Permanent magnets used are rare-eatrhrod magnet material, neodymium-iron-boron NdFeB with N35 type. The planned generator released is 36.85 V, 500 rpm, 50 hz. This designed water turbine has four blades which cannot change its angle. As for the measurement results produce a voltage of 35.1 V with a manufacturing efficiency of 95 %. Charging the battery voltage must be more than 12 V, therefore the generator must be turned at least 200 rpm with a voltage of 14 V to be used for charging batteries.

scholarly journals Performance test of Pikohidro Cross flow Water Turbine using multilevel double penstock

Teknomekanik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Purwantono Purwantono ◽  
Bahrul Amin ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Jasman Jasman ◽  
Andre Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Turbine Construction

This study aims to examine the performance of pico hydro scale cross flow water turbines using multilevel double penstock as a conductor of water flow.  Multilevel double penstock is used to reduce the transportation process from highways that are affordable to four-wheeled vehicles / cars to the location of the installation of the turbine.  This condition causes the need for small-scale water turbine designs with lightweight construction with a kock down system.  Overall the picohidro scale turbine construction is needed relatively cheaper transportation costs, so that people who have not been reached by the PLN network can be touched by small and cheap electricity. Turbine construction data has a runner diameter of 170 mm, body dimensions 200 mm x 300 mm x 250 mm, frame 250 mm x 800 mm. Pool tando 600 mm x 1200 mm and penstock length 16m. The power produced is theoretically around 2500 watts, with a data flow of 50 liters / second and a water level of 8 m. 65% efficiency. The research method is analyzing the double penstock water flow, by making paralon pipes in stages, ranging from 5 incci diameter, 4 inches and 3 inches, flow analysis approach using a gradient line, where the incoming water velocity and water velocity come out until entering the transmitting pipe. The performance results of this turbine provide an average actual power of up to 2000 watts. The stability of the inlet water condition is used by the Tando pond as a water bath. If there is excess water in the sediment tank, the water gate is used out, where excess water will automatically flow into the exhaust channel.

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