scholarly journals Cognitive Training in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review of Studies from 2000 to 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Glizer ◽  
Penny A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Larger Sample

Cognitive deficits are prevalent among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), in both early and late stages of the disease. These deficits are associated with lower quality of life, loss of independence, and institutionalization. To date, there is no effective pharmacological treatment for the range of cognitive impairments presented in PD. Cognitive training (CT) has been explored as an alternative approach to remediating cognition in PD. In this review we present a detailed summary of 13 studies of CT that have been conducted between 2000 and 2014 and a critical examination of the evidence for the effectiveness and applicability of CT in PD. Although the evidence shows that CT leads to short-term, moderate improvements in some cognitive functions, methodological inconsistencies weaken these results. We discuss several key limitations of the literature to date, propose methods of addressing these questions, and outline the future directions that studies of CT in PD should pursue. Studies need to provide more detail about the cognitive profile of participants, include larger sample sizes, be hypothesis driven, and be clearer about the training interventions and the outcome measures.

scholarly journals Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease - A cochrane review summary with commentary

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Tobias Loetscher
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Training Interventions

BACKGROUND: The majority of people living with Parkinson’s disease will develop impairments in cognition. These impairments are associated with a reduced quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The Cochrane Review aimed to investigate whether cognitive training improves cognition in people with Parkinson’s disease and mild cognitive impairments or dementia. METHODS: A Cochrane Review by Orgeta et al. was summarized with comments. RESULTS: The review included seven studies with a total of 225 participants. There was no evidence for improvements in global cognition when cognitive training was compared to control conditions. Observed improvements in attention and verbal memory measures after cognitive training could not be confirmed in a subsequent sensitivity analysis. There was no evidence for benefits in other cognitive domains or quality of life measures. The certainty of the evidence was low for all comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of cognitive training for people with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairments remains inconclusive. There is a pressing need for adequately powered trials with higher methodological quality.

scholarly journals Optimizing Cognitive Training for the Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Limitations and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Guglietti ◽  
David Hobbs ◽  
Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Current State ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Cognitive dysfunction, primarily involving impairments in executive function, visuospatial function and memory, is one of the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Currently, the only pharmacological treatments available for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in PD provide variable benefit, making the search for potential non-pharmacological therapies to improve cognitive function of significant interest. One such therapeutic strategy may be cognitive training (CT), which involves the repetition of standardized tasks with the aim of improving specific aspects of cognition. Several studies have examined the effects of CT in individuals with PD and have shown benefits in a variety of cognitive domains, but the widespread use of CT in these individuals may be limited by motor impairments and other concerns in study design. Here, we discuss the current state of the literature on the use of CT for PD and propose recommendations for future implementation. We also explore the potential use of more recent integrative, adaptive and assistive technologies, such as virtual reality, which may optimize the delivery of CT in PD.

Cognitive Interventions in Parkinson’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Banks
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cognitive Interventions ◽  
Nonmotor Symptom

People with Parkinson’s disease frequently demonstrate cognitive impairments, ranging from isolated cognitive impairments to frank dementia. Cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease has a clear impact on quality of life and independence; hence, there is a need to develop treatments that will reliably improve this important nonmotor symptom. Executive functions are the most frequently impacted cognitive domain, and they have been shown in other populations to be amenable to cognitive interventions. This chapter reviews the literature on cognitive interventions in Parkinson’s disease, and it places the literature into the context of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. It also reviews studies of cognitive interventions for other conditions. Current gaps in our understanding are highlighted, and proposals for future directions of research in this field are provided.

scholarly journals Advance care planning in Parkinson’s disease: ethical challenges and future directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard L. Sokol ◽  
Michael J. Young ◽  
Jack Paparian ◽  
Benzi M. Kluger ◽  
Hillary D. Lum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Disease Trajectory ◽  
Advance Care

AbstractRecent discoveries support the principle that palliative care may improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson’s disease and those who care for them. Advance care planning, a component of palliative care, provides a vehicle through which patients, families, and clinicians can collaborate to identify values, goals, and preferences early, as well as throughout the disease trajectory, to facilitate care concordant with patient wishes. While research on this topic is abundant in other life-limiting disorders, particularly in oncology, there is a paucity of data in Parkinson’s disease and related neurological disorders. We review and critically evaluate current practices on advance care planning through the analyses of three bioethical challenges pertinent to Parkinson’s disease and propose recommendations for each.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Acceptability of Computerised Cognitive Training of Everyday Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
S. J. Smith ◽  
I. McMillan ◽  
I. Leroi ◽  
C. L. Champ ◽  
S. Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Everyday Cognition

Objectives. We piloted a computerised cognitive training battery in a group of participants with Parkinson’s disease without dementia to investigate the relevance of the training to daily life and the feasibility and the acceptability of the tasks. Previous studies of CT have had limited success in the benefits of training, extending to improvements in everyday function. By taking a pragmatic approach and targeting training to the cognitive skills affected by Parkinson’s disease (planning, attention, and recollection), whilst using tasks that emulated real-life scenarios, we sought to understand whether participants perceived the training to be effective and to identify the elements of the training that elicited beneficial effects. Methods. Four participants completed a cognitive training session comprising three distinct tasks 5 days a week over two weeks. Participants completed baseline questionnaires examining health-related quality of life, everyday cognition, and apathy before the training period, after the last session, and two weeks after the last session. An interview was held after participants had completed the training. Results. The findings indicated that participants felt the training was acceptable, enhanced their awareness, and encouraged them to monitor their thinking abilities. The group interview indicated that the training was feasible; participants felt the tasks had potential to improve everyday performance, but more supporting information should be provided to facilitate this transfer. Responses to the questionnaires reflected these findings, indicating improvement for some participants’ cognition and quality of life. Objective measures supported the subjective reports; there were improvements in some but not all domains. Performance on the planning and recollection tasks improved over the training period, and the evidence for improvement on the attention task was mixed. Conclusion. This study has found that pragmatic computer-based training with real-life outcomes is both feasible and acceptable and should be evaluated more extensively using controlled methods.

Critical issues of the biopsychosocial treatment of Parkinson’s disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Kincses ◽  
Norbert Kovács ◽  
Kázmér Karádi ◽  
János Kállai
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Critical Issues

This paper is a summary report on the basic questions of the biopsychosocial approach to Parkinson’s disease. It deals with cognitive, affective and psychological health issues which significantly influence the outcome of the physical rehabilitation. In spite of the unchanged cognitive status, the psychological burden of the changes in the quality of life, the obstruction, the change in the affective tone, and the shrinking ability to fulfil social roles decrease the patient’s quality of life. An interdisciplinary approach is best suited for mitigating these effects. Not only the patient but also his/her family and environment is seriously affected by the disease and its consequences. Treatment and rehabilitation options for increasing or maintaining the quality of life of the affected patients are diverse, and significantly depend on the features of the health care system. The authors believe that the following review emphasizing health psychological principles may contribute to the work of professionals working in clinical and rehabilitational fields and through them may increase the quality of life of patients and their family. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(12), 472–478.

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