Development of a Cardiovascular Simulator for Studying Pulse Diagnosis Mechanisms

This research was undertaken to develop a cardiovascular simulator for use in the study of pulse diagnosis. The physical (i.e., pulse wave transmission and reflection) and physiological (i.e., systolic and diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, and mean pressure) characteristics of the radial pulse wave were reproduced by our simulator. The simulator consisted of an arterial component and a pulse-generating component. Computer simulation was used to simplify the arterial component while maintaining the elastic modulus and artery size. To improve the reflected wave characteristics, a palmar arch was incorporated within the simulator. The simulated radial pulse showed good agreement with clinical data.

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Study on the Depth, Rate, Shape, and Strength of Pulse with Cardiovascular Simulator

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/2867191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ju-Yeon Lee ◽

Min Jang ◽

Sang-Hoon Shin

Keyword(s):

Pulse Wave ◽

Pulse Diagnosis ◽

Pulse Wave Propagation ◽

Reflected Wave ◽

Slow Pulse ◽

Rapid Pulse ◽

Mean Pressure ◽

The Mean ◽

Cardiovascular Simulator ◽

Crank Mechanism

Pulse diagnosis is important in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study is explaining the mechanisms of pulse with a cardiovascular simulator. The simulator is comprised of the pulse generating part, the vessel part, and the measurement part. The pulse generating part was composed of motor, slider-crank mechanism, and piston pump. The vessel part, which was composed with the aorta and a radial artery, was fabricated with silicon to implement pulse wave propagation. The pulse parameters, such as the depth, rate, shape, and strength, were simulated. With changing the mean pressure, the floating pulse and the sunken pulse were generated. The change of heart rate generated the slow pulse and the rapid pulse. The control of the superposition time of the reflected wave generated the string-like pulse and the slippery pulse. With changing the pulse pressure, the vacuous pulse and the replete pulse were generated. The generated pulses showed good agreements with the typical pulses.

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Blood flow in arm and finger during muscle contraction and joint position changes

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1962.17.5.819 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 819-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Frank D. Rohter ◽

Chester Hyman

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Superficial Palmar Arch ◽

Radial Pulse ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Palmar Arch ◽

Pronator Teres ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Digital Pulse ◽

Strong Contraction

Digital pulse and blood flow were measured while subjects squeezed a hand dynamom eter. The pulse wave was obliterated at 25% maximum hand grip, and blood flow was occluded at 45% maximum hand grip. Maximum hand grip did not reduce radial pulse, therefore occlusion occurred at some point distal to the forearm muscles. Changes in blood flow suggest that the superficial palmar arch is occluded first and subsequently the deep palmar arch is arrested. Strong contraction of the biceps abolished the radial pulse, but did not diminish the brachial pulse wave; therefore occlusion must occur between the upper arm and the wrist, probably immediately distal to the elbow where the artery proceeds under the fascia of the biceps. Contracting the pronator teres also obliterated the digital pulse wave. Finally, it is possible to eliminate the digital pulse by rotating the clavicle backward, pressing the artery against the first rib. This was accomplished by horizontal retraction of the upper arm while it was elevated laterally or by simply jamming back the forward and horizontally elevated extremity. Submitted on February 20, 1961

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A CARDIOVASCULAR SIMULATOR WITH ELASTIC ARTERIAL TREE FOR PULSE WAVE STUDIES

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s021951941540045x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (06) ◽

pp. 1540045 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JU-YEON LEE ◽

MIN JANG ◽

SIWOO LEE ◽

HEEJUNG KANG ◽

SANG-HOON SHIN

Keyword(s):

Pulse Wave ◽

Physical Phenomenon ◽

Ascending Aorta ◽

Arterial System ◽

Pressure Waves ◽

Arterial Tree ◽

Quantitative Indices ◽

Cardiovascular Simulator ◽

Measured Pressure ◽

Good Agreement

Blood pressure is an important factor in cardiovascular diseases, and it is impossible to precisely reproduce the physical phenomenon of the arteries by using conventional simulators with modeling blood vessels as air-filled chambers. The purpose of this study was to develop a cardiovascular simulator that replicates the human arterial system. The vessel part was manufactured with silicon which has similar stiffness and arterial tree structure. To evaluate the validity of the developed simulator, the pressure and flow were analyzed in the ascending aorta and radial artery. Measured pressure waves and input impedance of the ascending aorta were compared with clinical data using quantitative indices. The generated pulse by the developed simulator showed a good agreement with the physiological characteristics of the arterial system in the human body.

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THE ELASTICITY OF THE LARGE ARTERIES IN HYPERTENSION

Canadian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjms52-017 ◽

1952 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 125-129

Author(s):

J. P. Adamson ◽

J. Doupe

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Arterial Elasticity ◽

Large Arteries ◽

Wave Velocities

Intra-arterial pressures and pulse wave velocities were measured in 18 subjects whose auscultatory diastolic pressures ranged from 45 to 120 mm. Hg. Various methods were used to lower the blood pressure in the hypertensive and to raise it in nonhypertensive subjects so that pulse wave velocities might be compared in all subjects at a common diastolic pressure. The pulse wave velocities were calculated for a diastolic pressure of 80 mm. Hg. No significant differences were found between hypertensive and nonhypertensive subjects. It was concluded that a defect of arterial elasticity as gauged by pulse wave velocity is not a factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

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