scholarly journals Establishment of a Model of Microencapsulated SGC7901 Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells Cocultured with Tumor-Associated Macrophages

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jin-Ming Zhu ◽  
Xiu-Lian Quan ◽  
Shi-Chao Han ◽  
Xue-Jun Fan ◽  
He-Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells

The important factors of poor survival of gastric cancer (GC) are relapse and metastasis. For further elucidation of the mechanism, a culture system mimicking the microenvironment of the tumor in humans was needed. We established a model of microencapsulated SGC7901 human GC cells and evaluated the effects of coculturing spheres with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). SGC7901 cells were encapsulated in alginate-polylysine-sodium alginate (APA) microcapsules using an electrostatic droplet generator. MTT assays showed that the numbers of microencapsulated cells were the highest after culturing for 14 days. Metabolic curves showed consumption of glucose and production of lactic acid by day 20. Immunocytochemistry confirmed that Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were expressed in microencapsulated SGC7901 cells on days 7 and 14. The expression of PCNA was observed outside spheroids; however, VEGF was found in the entire spheroids. PCNA and VEGF were increased after being cocultured with TAMs. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions were detected in the supernatant of microencapsulated cells cocultured with TAMs but not in microencapsulated cells. Our study confirms the successful establishment of the microencapsulated GC cells. TAMs can promote PCNA, VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expressions of the GC cells.

Compound A inhibits bladder cancer growth predominantly via glucocorticoid receptor transrepression.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Hairpin Rna ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Recent evidence indicates that glucocorticoids (GCs) suppress bladder cancer cell invasion throughthe GC receptor (GR) pathway, whereas androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signals inducebladder tumor progression. In this study, we assessed the effects of 2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl-ethylammonium chloride (compound A [CpdA]), which was shown to function asnot only a GR modulator but also an AR antagonist, on the growth of bladder cancer. In GR/ARpositivecells, CpdA strongly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation as well as increasedG1 phase-arrested cell population and apoptosis. Specifically, CpdA at 1?Mdecreased cell viabilityof TCCSUP/UMUC3-control-short hairpin RNA (shRNA), TCCSUP/UMUC3-GR-shRNA, and TCCSUP/UMUC3-AR-shRNA by 50%/67%, 25%/26%, and 38%/58%, respectively. CpdA also inhibited cellmigration and invasion of GR/AR-positive (up to 61% decrease) and GR-positive/AR-silencing (upto 51% decrease) lines and, less strongly, those of GR-silencing/AR-positive lines (up to 35%decrease). Additionally, in UMUC3-control xenograft-bearing male mice, CpdA more stronglysuppressed tumor growth than dexamethasone or hydroxyflutamide. In reporter gene assays,CpdA failed to induce GR transactivation, whereas it antagonized dihydrotestosterone-enhancedAR transactivation. In contrast, CpdA reduced nuclear factor (NF)-?B and activator protein 1transcriptional activities, indicating induction of GR-mediated transrepression. Correspondingly,the expression of NF-?B-related molecules, matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor, was significantly down-regulatedby CpdA in control lines but not in GR-silencing cells. Moreover, coimmunoprecipitation showedthat CpdA promoted the interactions between GR and NF-?B. Thus, CpdA likely inhibits bladdercancer growth predominantly via inducing GR transrepression and at least partially mediatedthrough the AR pathway, suggesting its effects more beneficial than GCs/pure GR ligands or ARantagonists. (Molecular Endocrinology 29: 1486–1497, 2015)

scholarly journals Human Plasma Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, and Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 and Their Applicability as Tumor Markers in Diagnoses of Cervical Cancer Based on ROC Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481878935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Zajkowska ◽  
Monika Zbucka-Krętowska ◽  
Iwona Sidorkiewicz ◽  
Emilia Lubowicka ◽  
Grażyna Ewa Będkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Cervical cancer (CC) remains a major diagnostic problem. The introduction of human papillomavirus vaccination significantly reduced the number of new cases; however, the search for new methods that would earlier indicate the development of cancerous changes is vital. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic power of those parameters in comparison to Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCC-Ag) in patients with CC and in relation to the control group. The study included 100 patients with CC and 50 healthy women. Plasma levels of tested parameters were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CA 125, and SCC-Ag by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Plasma levels of all parameters in the total cancer group showed statistical significance (in all cases P < .05). In stage I cancer, only vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1; in stage II, all the tested parameters and CA 125; and in stage III + IV, VEGF, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and CA 125 showed statistical significance when compared to the healthy volunteers group. Vascular endothelial growth factor showed the highest value of sensitivity from all tested parameters (I: 75%, II: 76%, III + IV: 94%, and 82% in total CC group). The highest specificity was obtained by MMP-9 (94%). In the total CC, stage I, and stage II groups, all tested parameters showed statistically significant area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), but maximum range was obtained for the combination VEGF + SCC-Ag (I: 0.9146, II: 0.8941, III + IV: 0.9139, total CC group: 0.9347). The combined analysis of tested parameters and tumor markers resulted in an increase in sensitivity and AUC values, which provides hope for developing new panel of biomarkers that may be used in the diagnosis of CC in the future.

Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Rats and Its Implication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-846
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Yufang Zhang ◽  
Fuping Li ◽  
Yufen Shi ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a female endocrine disorder and frequently leads to infertility. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has crucial roles and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) is correlated with cell migration. Both of them are involved in the occurrence and progression of PCOS. This study established a rat PCOS model using letrozole to measure the expression of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 (MMP-2/9), to analyze its correlation with PCOS. Letrozole was applied by gavage to establish rat PCOS model. General condition and ovarian tissue morphology were observed under a light field microscope. ELISA and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect serum or tissue expression of VEGF, MMP-2/9. Estrous cycle of rats was disrupted after 12 d for using letrozole. Vaginal smear showed abundant leukocytes with sparse keratinocytes. Ovary showed whitening and increased volume, with early phase small follicles plus lower granular cells or corpus luteum. Compared to control group, experimental group had significantly higher VEGF, MMP-2/9 (P < 0.05), which were higher in antral follicles than those in preantral follicle with higher expressions than primordial follicle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, VEGF, MMP-2/9 are abundantly expressed in both serum and tissues of PCOS rats.

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