scholarly journals Choroidal Thickness in Chinese Children Aged 8 to 11 Years with Mild and Moderate Myopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ya Qi ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Fengju Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness

Purpose. To investigate macular choroidal thickness (CT), topographical variation, and associations between subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and age, gender, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) in Chinese healthy mild and moderate myopia children aged 8 to 11 years. Methods. One hundred twenty eyes from 120 healthy children were studied. Children were divided into mild and moderate myopia groups. AL and CT were evaluated. CTs were measured at the fovea, and 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior to the fovea. Results. SFCT was 252.80 ± 46.95 µm in the whole population. AL was shorter in the mild myopia group (24.18 ± 0.69 mm) than in the moderate myopia group (24.97 ± 0.68 mm, P<0.001), and SFCT was thicker in the mild myopia group (262.00 ± 40.57 µm) than in the moderate myopia group (236.00 ± 55.08 µm, P=0.005). The topographical variation was similar in refraction groups. CTs nasal to the fovea thinned gradually and were all significantly thinner than SFCT. CTs in the other three directions gradually thickened and peaked at locations of 2 mm to the fovea. Then, CTs thinned at 3 mm to the fovea. The thickest choroid is located temporal to the fovea. There were significant negative correlations between AL and SFCT in the mild myopia group and the whole population. No other correlations were found. Conclusions. The topographical variations of choroidal thickness were similar in mild and moderate myopia groups with the thickest locations temporal to the fovea. SFCT was relatively stable in children in narrow range of age and refractive error.

scholarly journals Interocular Symmetry in Macular Choroidal Thickness in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Al-Haddad ◽  
Lama El Chaar ◽  
Rafic Antonios ◽  
Mays El-Dairi ◽  
Baha’ Noureddin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Ocular Abnormality ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Sd Oct

Objective.To report interocular differences in choroidal thickness in children using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and correlate findings with biometric data.Methods.This observational cross-sectional study included 91 (182 eyes) healthy children aged 6 to 17 years with no ocular abnormality except refractive error. After a comprehensive eye exam and axial length measurement, high definition macular scans were performed using SD-OCT. Two observers manually measured the choroidal thickness at the foveal center and at 1500 µm nasally, temporally, inferiorly, and superiorly. Interocular differences were computed; correlations with age, gender, refractive error, and axial length were performed.Results.Mean age was 10.40 ± 3.17 years; mean axial length and refractive error values were similar between fellow eyes. There was excellent correlation between the two observers’ measurements. No significant interocular differences were observed at any location. There was only a trend for right eyes to have higher values in all thicknesses, except the superior thickness. Most of the choroidal thickness measurements correlated positively with spherical equivalent but not with axial length, age, or gender.Conclusion.Choroidal thickness measurements in children as performed using SD-OCT revealed a high level of interobserver agreement and consistent interocular symmetry. Values correlated positively with spherical equivalent refraction.

scholarly journals Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Bueno-Gimeno ◽  
Enrique España-Gregori ◽  
Andres Gene-Sampedro ◽  
Juan Carlos Ondategui-Parra ◽  
Carlos J. Zapata-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Master System ◽  
Magnification Effect

Purpose: The aim of this paper was to examine the distribution of macular, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic disc parameters of myopic and hyperopic eyes in comparison with emmetropic control eyes and to investigate their variation according to axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) in healthy children. Methods: This study included 293 pairs of eyes of 293 children (145 boys and 148 girls), ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. Subjects were divided according to SE in control (emmetropia, 99 children), myopia (100 children) and hyperopia (94 children) groups and according to axial AL in 68 short ([Formula: see text]22.00[Formula: see text]mm, 68), medium (from [Formula: see text]22.00[Formula: see text]mm to 25.00[Formula: see text]mm, 189) and long eyes ([Formula: see text]25.00[Formula: see text]mm, 36). Macular parameters, RNFL thickness and optic disc morphology were assessed by the CirrusTM HD-OCT. AL was measured using the IOL-Master system. Littmann’s formula was used for calculating the corrected AL-related ocular magnification. Results: Mean age ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) was 10.84[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3.05 years; mean ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) SE was [Formula: see text]0.14[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.51 D (range from [Formula: see text]8.75 to [Formula: see text]8.25 D) and mean AL ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) was 23.12[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]1.49. Average RNFL thickness, average macular thickness and macular volume decreased as AL and myopia increased. No correlations between AL/SE and optic disc parameters were found after correcting for magnification effect. Conclusions: AL and refractive error affect measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in healthy children. To make a correct interpretation of OCT measurements, ocular magnification effect should be taken into account by clinicians or OCT manufacturers.

scholarly journals A calculator proposal for estimating refractive error after 3 years using the onset biometric values in primary school children: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feride Tuncer Orhan ◽  
Haluk Huseyin Gürsoy
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Final Data ◽  
The Mean

Aim To evaluate consecutive measurements of the biometric parameters, age, and refraction error in a Turkish population at primary school age. Materials and Methods A total of 197 children aged between 7-12 years were included. The data of three consecutive measurements of children, who were examined at least once a year for three years using both cycloplegic auto-refractometry and optical biometry, were used in this retrospective study. Spherical equivalent <-0.50D was considered to be myopic; >+0.75D was considered to be hypermetropic. Age, gender, body mass index, spherical equivalent, axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, keratometry, and lens thickness were analyzed. The onset data obtained in 2013 whereas, the final data were from 2015. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed (p<0.05). Results The mean of the onset and the final spherical equivalents were 0.19D (0.56), and 0.08D (0.80), respectively. The myopia prevalence was increased among refractive errors in observation periods (univariable analysis p=0.029; multivariable analysis p=0.017). The onset axial length (HR:4.55, 95%CI:2.87-7.24, p<0.001), keratometry (HR:2.04, 95%CI:1.55-2.67, p<0.001) and age (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.92, p=0.009) correlated myopia progression. To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent, the onset data were included in the logistic regression model. The onset data of spherical equivalent (β=0.916, p<0.001), axial length (β=-0.451, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=0.430, p=0.005) and keratometry (β=-0.172, p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the mean SE at the final data. Conclusions To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent following three years, an equation was proposed. The estimated refractive error of children can be calculated by using the proposed equation with the associated onset optical parameters.

Choroidal thickness in relation to sex, age, refractive error, and axial length in healthy Turkish subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Tuncer ◽  
Eyyup Karahan ◽  
Mehmet Ozgur Zengin ◽  
Eray Atalay ◽  
Nihat Polat
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Choroidal Thickness

scholarly journals Deep Learning-Based Estimation of Axial Length and Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness From Color Fundus Photographs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Dong ◽  
Xin Yue Hu ◽  
Yan Ni Yan ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fundus Images ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Color Fundus Images ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Map Analysis

This study aimed to develop an automated computer-based algorithm to estimate axial length and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) based on color fundus photographs. In the population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011, we took fundus photographs and measured SFCT by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and axial length by optical low-coherence reflectometry. Using 6394 color fundus images taken from 3468 participants, we trained and evaluated a deep-learning-based algorithm for estimation of axial length and SFCT. The algorithm had a mean absolute error (MAE) for estimating axial length and SFCT of 0.56 mm [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53,0.61] and 49.20 μm (95% CI: 45.83,52.54), respectively. Estimated values and measured data showed coefficients of determination of r2 = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.50,0.65) for axial length and r2 = 0.62 (95% CI: 0.57,0.67) for SFCT. Bland–Altman plots revealed a mean difference in axial length and SFCT of −0.16 mm (95% CI: −1.60,1.27 mm) and of −4.40 μm (95% CI, −131.8,122.9 μm), respectively. For the estimation of axial length, heat map analysis showed that signals predominantly from overall of the macular region, the foveal region, and the extrafoveal region were used in the eyes with an axial length of &lt; 22 mm, 22–26 mm, and &gt; 26 mm, respectively. For the estimation of SFCT, the convolutional neural network (CNN) used mostly the central part of the macular region, the fovea or perifovea, independently of the SFCT. Our study shows that deep-learning-based algorithms may be helpful in estimating axial length and SFCT based on conventional color fundus images. They may be a further step in the semiautomatic assessment of the eye.

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