scholarly journals Prescription Patterns of Wu Lin San Concentrated Extract Product for Cystitis in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chia-Jung Lee ◽  
Steven Kuan-Hua Huan ◽  
Yi-Hui Lee ◽  
Yu-Shao Yeh ◽  
I-Hsin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Type 3

The indications for the concentrated extract product (CEP) of Wu Lin San (WLS) are urethritis, cystitis, and gonorrhea. In clinical settings, WLS is combined with other CEPs used. However, there are no prescribed guidelines of CEPs in Taiwan. In this study, we would establish the CEP-prescribed applications of WLS for cystitis according to the clinical prescription patterns and ancient traditional medicine books. The prescription patterns of WLS were analyzed from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan for the period from 2000 to 2015. The results show that WLS was most frequently prescribed for cystitis (17.12% of a total prescriptions), and its prescribed dosage was 3∼5 g per day. Among them, 62.53% were for patients >40 years, and 72.45% were for women. Moreover, prescription patterns of WLS for cystitis were divided into 4 types: Type 1, WLS combined with Pa Cheng San (PCS) and Ti Tang Tang (29.75%); Type 2, WLS combined with PCS and dandelion (13.89%); Type 3, WLS combined with PCS and Tao Ho Cheng Chi Tang (6.63%); and Type 4, WLS combined with PCS (2.75%). According to lectures, review revealed the following principles of WLS application. WLS only should be adopted for simple heat strangury, while Type 4 should be applied for excess heat and dampness strangury. For patients with heat strangury coupled with an early-stage blood amassment pattern in lower jiao (abdomen), Type 3 could be administered. Type 2 should be used for heat strangury accompanied by dampness toxicity with infection. By contrast, Type 1 should be applied to patients with severe blood stasis. The application principles of WLS with other CEPs could serve as a reference for cystitis treatment in clinical settings.

Frequency and predictors of hypoglycaemia in Type 1 and insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes: a population-based study

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Donnelly ◽  
A. D. Morris ◽  
B. M. Frier ◽  
J. D. Ellis ◽  
P. T. Donnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

Renal transplant among type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients in Spain: A population-based study from 2002 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-de-Andrés ◽  
José M. de Miguel-Yanes ◽  
Valentín Hernández-Barrera ◽  
Manuel Méndez-Bailón ◽  
Montserrat González-Pascual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study

BMJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. k1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifeng Xu ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Linda G Snetselaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

Inverse relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and migraine. Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Surveys 1995–1997 and 2006–2008

Cephalalgia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Hagen ◽  
Bjørn Olav Åsvold ◽  
Kristian Midthjell ◽  
Lars Jacob Stovner ◽  
John-Anker Zwart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Classical Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Aims The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to investigate the associations between migraine and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods We used data from the second (1995–1997) and third survey (2006–2008) in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Analyses were made for the 26,121 participants (30–97 years of age, median 58.3 years) with known headache and DM status in both surveys, and for the 39,584 participants in the third survey (20–97 years, median 54.1 years). The diagnosis of migraine was given to those who fulfilled the questionnaire-based migraine diagnosis in the second and/or third survey. Associations were assessed using multiple logistic regression, estimating prevalence odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results In the multivariate analysis of the 26,121 participants in both surveys, adjusting for age, gender, years of education, and smoking, classical type 1 DM (n = 81) was associated with a lower prevalence of any headache (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.34–0.88),and migraine (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.26–0.96) compared to those without DM (n = 24,779). Correspondingly, the merged group of classical type 1 DM and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) (n = 153) were less likely to have migraine (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.31–0.91). Similarly, an inverse relationship between type 1 DM and migraine was found in analyses of 39,584 participants in the third survey. No clear association was found between headache and type 2 DM. Conclusions In this cross-sectional population-based study of mainly middle-aged participants, type 1 DM was inversely associated with headache, in particular migraine.

scholarly journals Perinatal mortality and congenital anomalies in babies of women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: population based study

BMJ ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 333 (7560) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C M Macintosh ◽  
Kate M Fleming ◽  
Jaron A Bailey ◽  
Pat Doyle ◽  
Jo Modder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study
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