Comparison of the Microbiota and Inorganic Anion Content in the Saliva of Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Free Individuals

The oral cavity is one of the most complex microbial environments; however, the complex nature of the salivary microbiota and the level of inorganic anions in the saliva of subjects with and without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are poorly understood. The primary goals of this pilot research were to assess differences in salivary bacterial community composition and inorganic anion concentrations between patients with GERD and GERD-free people. Thus, the salivary microbiota within both groups was dominated by these genera: Streptococcus, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Veillonella, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, Rothia, and Leptotrichia. However, the relative abundances of the genera Actinomyces, Atopobium, Stomatobaculum, Ruminococcaceae_[G-2], Veillonella, and Leptotrichia were significantly higher in the saliva samples of patients with GERD, while the genera Porphyromonas, Gemella, Peptostreptococcus, and Neisseria were less abundant in this group. The concentrations of chloride, phosphate, and sulphate ions in the human saliva varied among all subjects and sampling time. These results broaden our knowledge of the salivary microbial community composition and chemistry of saliva of patients with GERD and GERD-free individuals.

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease is associated with differences in the allograft microbiome, microbial density and inflammation in lung transplantation

10.1101/2021.09.03.21263067 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pierre H.H. Schneeberger ◽

Chen Yang Kevin Zhang ◽

Jessica Santilli ◽

Bo Chen ◽

Wei Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Community Composition ◽

Lung Transplant ◽

Nissen Fundoplication ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Microbial Density ◽

Lung Transplant Recipients

AbstractRationaleGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may affect lung allograft inflammation and function through its effects on allograft microbial community composition in lung transplant recipients.ObjectivesOur objective was to compare the allograft microbiota in lung transplant recipients with or without clinically diagnosed GERD in the first post-transplant year, and assess associations between GERD, allograft microbiota, inflammation and acute and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (ALAD/CLAD).Methods268 bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected from 75 lung transplant recipients at a single transplant centre every 3 months post-transplant for 1 year. Ten transplant recipients from a separate transplant centre provided samples pre/post-anti-reflux Nissen fundoplication surgery. Microbial community composition and density were measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR, respectively and inflammatory markers and bile acids were quantified.Measurements and Main ResultsWe observed three community composition profiles (labelled community state types, CSTs 1-3). Transplant recipients with GERD were more likely to have CST1, characterized by high bacterial density and relative abundance of the oropharyngeal colonizing genera Prevotella and Veillonella. GERD was associated with more frequent transition to CST1. CST1 was associated with lower per-bacteria inflammatory cytokine levels than the pathogen-dominated CST3. Time-dependant models revealed associations between CST3 and development of ALAD/CLAD. Nissen fundoplication decreased bacterial load and pro-inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionGERD was associated with a high bacterial density, Prevotella/Veillonella dominated CST1. CST3, but not CST1 or GERD, was associated with inflammation and early development of ALAD/CLAD. Nissen fundoplication was associated with decreases in microbial density in BALF samples, especially the CST1-specific genus, Prevotella.

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Serious Illness Potential Often Misunderstood

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.ftr1.11152006.6 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 6-21

Author(s):

Ellen N. Friedman

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Serious Illness

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Gastroenterologist's Perspective

Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders ◽

10.1044/vvd21.3.89 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 89-99

Author(s):

Michael F. Vaezi

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Best Practice ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Diagnostic Testing ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Atypical Symptoms

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a commonly diagnosed condition often associated with the typical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation, although it may present with atypical symptoms such as chest pain, hoarseness, chronic cough, and asthma. In most cases, the patient's reduced quality of life drives clinical care and diagnostic testing. Because of its widespread impact on voice and swallowing function as well as its social implications, it is important that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) understand the nature of GERD and its consequences. The purpose of this article is to summarize the nature of GERD and GERD-related complications such as GERD-related peptic stricture, Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma, and laryngeal manifestations of GERD from a gastroenterologist's perspective. It is critical that SLPs who work with a multidisciplinary team understand terminology, diagnostic tools, and treatment to ensure best practice.

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