scholarly journals Effects of Urbanization on Water Quality and the Macrobenthos Community Structure in the Fenhe River, Shanxi Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linfang Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Jinhua Dang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Yu’en Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total N ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Total P

The relationships between land use types, water and sediment parameters, and macrobenthos community structures in the upper and middle reaches of the Fenhe River and urbanization intensity were studied. Samples were collected from 23 sampling sites. Spearman rank correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships between the percentages of impervious area or the proportions of four land uses and the water and sediment physicochemical properties, heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in water and sediment, and biological indicators of the macrobenthos communities. Some water parameters (temperature, oxidation-reduction potential, electrical conductivity, total N concentration, total P concentration, ammonia-N concentration, and nitrate-N concentration), some sediment parameters (total N concentration, total P concentration, organic matter content, percentage of particles with diameters <2 mm, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni Pb, and Zn concentrations), and some macrobenthos parameters (Berger–Parker index and percentages of collectors, tolerant taxa, and Oligochaeta) significantly positively correlated with the percentage of impervious area. Some water parameters (pH and dissolved oxygen concentration), some sediment parameters (percentage of particles with diameters >2 mm), and some macrobenthos parameters (total biomass, total number of taxa, Shannon’s index, N diversity index, and percentages of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, filterers, scrapers, and sensitive taxa) significantly negatively correlated with the percentage of impervious area. The results indicate that intensification of urbanization has strongly affected the water, sediment, and macrobenthos in the Fenhe River watershed.

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF CRUDE OIL AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON-DEGRADING BACTERIA FROM POLLUTED HARBOURS IN NORTH JAKARTA

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Yustian Rovi Alfiansah ◽  
Mindi Adindasari ◽  
Mentari Argarini ◽  
Yeti Darmayati ◽  
Ruyitno
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Diverse Species ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Several harbours in North Jakarta have been polluted by spills of oil and their derivates. We suggest that diverse species of crude oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria  inhabit these harbours. An experiment was undertaken in 2007 to isolate crude oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading bacteria from oil-polluted harbours, such as Muara Baru, Sunda Kelapa and Tanjung Priok. Sea water and sediment samples were collected twice, in March and April. Crude oil and PAH-degrading bacteria were isolated from enrichment culture of samples in an enrichment medium (SWP), using ONR7a medium with the addition of 5 types of PAH gases or Arabian Light Crude Oil 210 (ALCO 210) onto medium. This study reported that fluoranthene and crude oil-degrading bacteria were the major bacteria isolated from the three polluted harbours. In total, 109 isolates have been collected which can degrade crude oil (29% of total isolates), fluoranthene (33%), fluorene (20%), pyrene (7%), dibenzothiopene (6%), and phenantrene (5 %). Among these isolates, 5 isolates have the capability to degrade 5 types of PAH and ALCO 210. They were Alcanivorax sp. B-1084, Pseudomonas sp. D5-38b, Alcanivorax sp. TE-9, Bacillus sp. L41, Alcanivorax dieselolei strain B-5 clone 1. Culturable bacteria have been isolated mostly from the Sunda Kelapa samples, with fewer in those from Muara Baru and Tanjung Priok, respectively

1,1’-Biaceanthrylene and 2,2'-Biaceanthrylene: Models for Linking Larger Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Five-Membered Rings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yachu Du ◽  
Kyle Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Dimer Model ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) chromophores that are linked between two five-membered rings can access planarized structures with reduced optical gaps and redox potentials. Two aceanthrylene chromophores were connected into dimer model systems with the chromophores either projected outward (2,2’-biaceanthrylene) or inward (1,1’-biaceanthrylene) and the optical and electronic properties were compared. Only the planar 2,2’-biaceanthrylene system showed significant reductions of the optical gaps (1 eV) and redox potentials in relation to the aceanthrylene monomer.<br>

1,1’-Biaceanthrylene and 2,2'-Biaceanthrylene: Models for Linking Larger Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Five-Membered Rings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yachu Du ◽  
Kyle Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Dimer Model ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) chromophores that are linked between two five-membered rings can access planarized structures with reduced optical gaps and redox potentials. Two aceanthrylene chromophores were connected into dimer model systems with the chromophores either projected outward (2,2’-biaceanthrylene) or inward (1,1’-biaceanthrylene) and the optical and electronic properties were compared. Only the planar 2,2’-biaceanthrylene system showed significant reductions of the optical gaps (1 eV) and redox potentials in relation to the aceanthrylene monomer.<br>

Karakterisasi Komponen Aktif Asap Cair Cangkang Sawit Hasil Pemurnian

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Fauziati Fauziati ◽  
Eldha Sampepana
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Palm shell liquid smoke obtained by pyrolysis and redestilasi still produce a pungent smoke flavor and color of yellow to brownish yellow so that the necessary research purification of smoke that can be used as ingredients other than preservatives, such as antiseptic hand wash. The research objective is to reduce the stinging liquid smoke aroma, color is tawny and to identify the characterization of the active components of liquid smoke shell oil refining results in Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The purification process of liquid smoke with redistilled at a temperature of 2000C and by adding 4.5% zeolite adsorbent made three (3) times the resulting liquid smoke of distillate and residue. Liquid smoke produced from distillate and residue are added activated charcoal as much as 9%, 10.5% and 12%, then stirred with a shaker subsequently allowed to stand for 6 days and 10 days The results of the study showed that liquid smoke purification results of the residue by the addition of activated charcoal as 12% and the time saved for 10 days (A2B2C3) gives flavor and color by 1.94 of 1.84 is odorless, yellowish white color and clarity. While the characteristics of the active components of purification results are predominantly acetic acid and phenol compounds of residues that serve as preservatives, antibacterial and antioxidant compounds while PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon), namely tar, benzoperen, gualakol and siringoll (aroma causes) undetectedABSTRAKAsap cair cangkang sawit yang diperoleh melalui proses pirolisis dan redestilasi masih menghasilkan aroma asap menyengat dan warna kuning hingga kuning kecoklatan sehingga diperlukan penelitian pemurnian asap yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan lain selain pengawet, seperti antiseptik pencuci tangan. Tujuan penelitian adalah  untuk mengurangi aroma asap cair yang menyengat, warna yang masih kuning kecoklatan dan untuk  mengidentifikasi karakterisasi komponen aktif asap cair cangkang sawit hasil pemurnian secara Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (GC-MS). Proses  pemurnian asap cair dengan  redistilasi pada suhu 2000C dan dengan menambahkan adsorben zeolit 4,5% yang dilakukan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali  dihasilkan asap cair dari Destilat dan Residu . Asap cair  yang dihasilkan dari destilat dan residu ditambahkan arang aktif sebanyak 9%,10,5% dan 12%  kemudian diaduk dengan shaker selanjutnya didiamkan selama 6 hari dan 10 hari .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair hasil pemurnian dari residu dengan penambahan arang aktif sebanyak 12% dan waktu simpan selama 10 hari ( A2B2C3 ) memberikan aroma sebesar 1,94 dan warna sebesar 1,84 adalah tidak berbau ,  warna putih kekuningan dan jernih . Sedangkan  karakteristik  komponen aktif hasil pemurnian yang paling dominan  adalah  senyawa acetic acid dan phenol  dari residu yang berfungsi sebagai bahan pengawet, antibakteri dan antioksidan sedangkan senyawa PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon) yaitu tar, benzoperen,  gualakol  dan siringoll ( penyebab aroma ) tidak terdeteksi . Kata kunci : asap cair, cangkang sawit, komponen aktif, pemurnian, redestilasi 

DISCHARGE WATERS: DETERMINATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON (PAH) LEVELS BY A GC-MS/MS METHOD

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1195-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Crini ◽  
Coline Druart ◽  
Caroline Amiot ◽  
Sophie Gavoille ◽  
Gregorio Crini
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic
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