The Utility of Diffusion and Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Target Delineation of High-Grade Gliomas

Background. The tumor volume of high-grade glioma (HGG) after surgery is usually determined by contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI), but the clinical target volume remains controversial. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (multimodality MRI) techniques such as magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) can make up for CE-MRI. This study explored the survival outcomes and failure patterns of patients with HGG by comparing the combination of multimodality MRI and CE-MRI imaging with CE-MRI alone. Methods. 102 patients with postoperative HGG between 2012 and 2016 were included. 50 were delineated based on multimodality MRI (PWI, DTI) and CE-MRI (enhanced T1), and the other 52 were delineated based on CE-MRI as control. Results. The median survival benefit was 6 months. The 2-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local–regional control rates were 48% vs. 25%, 42% vs. 13.46%, and 40% vs. 13.46% for the multimodality MRI and CE-MRI cohorts, respectively. The two cohorts had similar rates of disease progression and recurrence but different proportions of failure patterns. The univariate analysis shows that characteristics of patients such as combined with epilepsy, the dose of radiotherapy, the selection of MRI were significant influence factors for 2-year overall survival. However, in multivariate analyses, only the selection of MRI was an independent significant predictor of overall survival. Conclusions. This study was the first to explore the clinical value of multimodality MRI in the delineation of radiotherapy target volume for HGG. The conclusions of the study have positive reference significance to the combination of multimodality MRI and CE-MRI in guiding the delineation of the radiotherapy target area for HGG patients.